Consumption of Forest Products in Small Households At Village Forest Reserves in Tanzania: A Case Study of Mgori Forest Reserve in Singida District

In the past, conservation effort has primarily focused on establishment of forest reserves for timber production, with minimal or no consideration to how these natural resources will help sustain or improve livelihoods of adjoining communities. This study examined the contribution of Aramoko forest reserve to the livelihoods of the adjoining communities in Ekiti State. One hundred and twenty pre-tested questionnaires were administered among the products collectors in the study area. Data collected were analysed and the result showed that 78.3 % of the respondents are married with 52.3 % of them male, while 50.8 % of the respondents aged between 51-70 years with 64.1 % having at least secondary education. Twenty-five (25) different products were collected by the respondents in the study area. These products include among others; timber with highest frequency of (120) followed by herbal plants (115), Archantina marginata (105), Thaumatococcus danielli (89), Bridelia ferruginea (70) and Irvingia garbonensis (65). The use of motor cycle accounted for 41.4 % of the respondents means of transportation, while 31.3 % of the respondents sell their product in bit at the village market. Picking, digging, plucking, cutting and uprooting were methods used for harvesting by the respondents while illegal felling (24 %) and indiscriminate bush burning (22.4 %) were the major conservation problem in the study area. Specifically, some of the products harvested are used for food, medicine, fuelwood, herbs and cultural purposes. The study recommends that research should be conducted into how these products can be artificially raised in the nursery for plantation establishment.

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Spatiotemporal Response of Vegetation to Rainfall and Temperature fluctuations in the Sahel. Case study in the Forest Reserve of Fina, Mali

10.20944/preprints202104.0143.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Karamoko Sanogo ◽

Birhanu B. Zemadim ◽

Souleymane Sanogo ◽

Ashatu Abdulkadiri ◽

Abdramane BA

Keyword(s):

Air Temperature ◽

Arid Zone ◽

Time Lag ◽

Temperature Fluctuations ◽

Vegetation Response ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

Forest Reserves ◽

Climate Fluctuation ◽

Spatiotemporal Response

Forests constitute a key component of the Earth system but the sustainability of the forest reserves in the semi-arid zone is a real concern since its vegetation is very sensitive to the climate fluctuation. The understanding of the mechanisms for the interaction vegetation-climate is poorly studied in the context of African Sahel. In this study, the characteristics of the vegetation response to the fluctuations of precipitation and temperature is determined for the forest reserve of Fina. Rainfall estimates, air temperature and NDVI are used to establish the lag correlations between fluctuations of vegetation and climate variables at both seasonal and interannual bases. Results shows increasing tendency of NDVI started from the 1990s coinciding the recovery of the rainfall from the 1980s drought and the obtained correlation(r=0.66) is statistically significant (pvalue<0.01). The strongest responses of vegetation to rainfall and temperature fluctuations were found after 30 and 15 days, respectively. Moreover, at shorter time lag (e.g. 15 days) more pronounced vegetation responses to both rainfall and temperature were found in agricultural dominated land while at longer time lag (e.g. 30 days) stronger response was observed in Bare dominated land. The vegetation response to the climate fluctuation is modulated by the land use/cover dynamics. Keywords: NDVI, Rainfall, Air temperature, vegetation response, Fina Forest Reserve, Mali.

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A POLICY MIX TO PREVENT A NON-COMMONS TRAGEDY FOR COLLECTIVE FOREST RESERVES IN AGRARIAN SETTLEMENTS IN NORTHWEST MATO GROSSO

Revista de Economia Contemporânea ◽

10.1590/198055272032 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 405-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R.B. Davenport ◽

P.H. May ◽

P. Nogueira ◽

P.C. Nunes

Keyword(s):

Ecological Systems ◽

Added Value ◽

Policy Mix ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Forest Reserves ◽

Forest Clearing ◽

Alternative Livelihood ◽

Forest Tenure

ABSTRACT Agrarian reform settlements have recently been identified as a major contributor to ongoing deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Collective forest reserves were established in some settlements to thwart forest loss, but settlers usually do not recognize forest commons, opting instead for continued private accumulation through forest clearing, or a "non-commons" tragedy. Pathways toward ensuring the viability of common-pool management in settlements remain unclear. Our case study focused on two similarly sized settlements in neighboring municipalities in Northwest Mato Grosso, Brazil, each with formally designated collective forest areas. In one, deforestation shifted into the collective reserve and intensified; in the other, deforestation stabilized and the collective reserve was protected. In the latter, settlers understood their collective forest reserve as a commonly held asset, with two commercially viable settlement cooperatives involved in Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) extractivism and added value processing. We analyze differences between the two settlements using Elinor Ostrom's framework for analysis of socio-ecological systems, and identify the locally applied policy mix ensuring the viability of a forest commons. The study concludes that "top-down" efforts to institutionalize collective governance over remaining forests will likely fail in most settlements, without a focus on alternative livelihood opportunities synergetic with forest tenure.

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Geospatial Application in Forest Reserves Distribution and Sawmills Proximity as a Major Sources of Timber Product in Ibadan and Ibarapa Divisions, Oyo State, Southwest Nigeria

Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.9734/ajraf/2021/v7i330129 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 14-26

Author(s):

Fatunmibi Olugbemiga ◽

Adewuyi, Gbola Kehinde

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Forest Products ◽

Travel Distance ◽

Primary Data ◽

High Price ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

Forest Reserves ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Southwest Nigeria ◽

Major Factors

The proximity to forest reserves has been considered one of the major factors affecting the spatial distribution of timber based industries. This study assesses the spatial distribution of forest reserves and sawmills in Ibadan and Ibarapa divisions, Oyo State, Nigeria. Existing map of forest reserves of Oyo State and Oyo State shape file was used. The primary data included the geographical coordinates of locations of all existing and functioning sawmills in Ibadan and Ibarapa divisions and this was acquired with Handheld Global Positioning System (eTrex Garmin 30x). The base maps were georeferenced in ArcGIS 10.2 using the coordinates of the base map and the area covered by each forest reserve was digitized. The distance from each sawmill to the nearest forest was determined to ascertain their proximity. The results shows that the forest reserves in Ibadan division covered a total of 47,874.691 hectares of land while a total of 59,011.146 hectares were accounted for the Ibarapa division. From Ibadan division, Ijaiye forest reserve has the highest area of land of 25,544.856 ha (53.36%) and Eleyele forest reserve has the least 526.092 ha (1.10%). Igangan with highest forest reserve of 40,643.885 ha (68.87%) from Ibarapa division, and Eruwa forest reserve has the least 7,488.207 ha (12.69%). Generally from the study area, twenty-one (21) sawmills were visited and recorded in all the forestry zones. Four (4) forest reserves are in Ibadan and three (3) in Ibarapa divisions. The travel distance from sawmills to the nearest forest reserve in Ibadan; Gambari, Osho and Eleyele forest reserves was within 5-15km while other are far. It can be concluded that, more sawmills is needed in the study area like Ijaiye, Lanlate as the travel distance of sawmills to the forest reserves is far and this may cause high price in the price of timbers and other forest products.

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Community Experiences in the use of Modified Taungya System for Restoring Degraded Forests and Improving Livelihoods in Ghana

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development ◽

10.5296/emsd.v9i3.17047 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark Appiah ◽

Badu Yeboah ◽

Mary Agyemang Yeboah ◽

Jones Abrefa Danquah

Keyword(s):

Poverty Reduction ◽

Forest Products ◽

Benefit Sharing ◽

Successful Outcome ◽

Management Approach ◽

Degraded Forest ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

Forest Reserves ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Modified Taungya System

Using the Modified Taungya System (MTS) to establish plantations has been identified as one of the important strategies required to meet the demand for wood resources in Ghana. The MTS is a forest management approach in which farmers are given lands within degraded forest reserves to inter-plant food crops with trees, and further nurture the trees into maturity under specified roles and benefit sharing agreements. This study evaluated the MTSs and management approach based on the following sustainability criteria: recognition of gender role in agroforestry development, contribution of the systems to poverty reduction, and contribution of the systems to the improvement in productive and protective functions of agriculture. The systems were established in degraded portions of the Pamu-Berekum Forest Reserve, Ghana in 2000. Data were collected in 2016 through personal interviews of 40 farmers selected from three communities living close and around the forest reserve. It is clear from the result that women participation in the project activities is significant and may have contributed to the reported successful outcome. More than a decade after the establishment of these plantations, there is evidence that the non-timber forest products, (e.g. fuelwood, medicine) generated from practising MTS have had a signiﬁcant impact on the community livelihood with significant changes in annual income. Also, the farms clearly have many trees surviving that have economic, social, and ecological signiﬁcance. The MTS, indeed, has the potential to support biodiversity recovery within degraded forest reserves in Ghana as well as to improve the livelihoods of farmers.

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Illegal rattan extraction trends in the Ankasa Conservation Area in Ghana

Journal of Energy and Natural Resource Management ◽

10.26796/jenrm.v2i3.49 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 84-92

Author(s):

R. Obour, D. Amankwaa, A. Asare

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Forest Products ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Techniques ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

The North ◽

Non Timber Forest Products

Protected Areas (PAs) are created for the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, but many of Ghana’s PAs are subjectto severe pressures and threats, the main pressures being the illegal extraction of natural resources. Rattans are indisputablyone of the most important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Ghana’s Protected Areas that is without doubt one of thereasons for which it has drawn the attention of researchers. In this study the illegal rattan extraction patterns in the AnkasaConservation Area (ACA) in Ghana was inspected. Simple random sampling and Snowball sampling techniques were used. Datacollection employed the use of semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and field enumeration of rattans as well as an analysisof Effective Patrol Man-days (EPMDS) from 2004 to 2012. The results showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.75, p<0.05, r2 = 0.557) between patrol effort and rattan extraction encounters. In addition, there was a general reduction in illegalrattan extraction encounters from 2004 to 2012 at a rate of 4.3 per year. The highest illegal rattan extraction incidences wererecorded in 2006 (76 encounters), 2005 (35 encounters), 2008 (22 encounters), 2004 (18 encounters) and the least incidencewere recorded in both 2010 (3 encounters) and 2011 (3 encounters).The research also revealed that Eremospatha macrocarpawas the most extracted rattan species followed by Laccosperma secundiflorum. The major rattan extraction and trade routesoriginate in the northern parts and in the area east of the reserve and also south of Draw River Forest Reserve. Generally, rattanpoaching in Ankasa Conservation Area has declined, but there are still human incursions in the northern part of the reserve. Thestudy recommended an intensification of patrols in the north of the reserve. Also, enrichment planting and Agroforestry practicesof inter-cropping rattans with seasonal crops should be pursued vigorously for the local communities.

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Social Forestry in Environmentally Degraded Regions of India: Case-study of the Mayurakshi Basin

Environmental Conservation ◽

10.1017/s0376892900034032 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 20-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nandini Chatterjee

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

River Basin ◽

Forest Products ◽

River Valley ◽

Social Forestry ◽

Fuel Wood

Social Forestry (SF) schemes have been implemented in India since the 1980s to combat deforestation, increase the supply of fuel-wood and fodder, and provide minor forest products for the rural populaton. The relevance of such Schemes in the Mayurakshi River Basin is basically due to its environmentally degraded state. Latterly the Basin has been brought under the Mayurakshi River Valley Project, but unless measures are undertaken to mitigate problems of soil erosion, the efficiency of the Project will be hampered.

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Linking Conservation, Community Knowledge, and Adaptation to Extreme Climatic Events: A Case Study in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116478 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6478

Author(s):

Amemarlita Matos ◽

Laura Barraza ◽

Isabel Ruiz-Mallén

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Animal Species ◽

Human Life ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Forest Products ◽

Buffer Zone ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Extreme Climatic Events ◽

Water Provision

This study is based on ethnographic research that analyzes how traditional knowledge and local beliefs on biodiversity conservation relates to the local ability to adapt and be resilient to climatic changes in two communities around Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique: Nhanfisse in the buffer zone and Muanandimae in the core area. A total of 78 semi-structured interviews with heads of households were conducted. We found that both communities carried out practices and held beliefs associated with conservation, such as protecting trees and animal species considered sacred or perceived as beneficial for human life in terms of water provision and agricultural production. In addition to traditional ceremonies that respond to extreme climatic events such as drought and flood, other adaptation strategies used by the communities include moving to neighboring areas in search of better living conditions and using forest products in times of scarcity. We discuss that the management of the park should be agreed on, in a shared way, between local communities and conservation agents to ensure that these areas continue to perform the ecological, subsistence, and spiritual functions required. Our research results contribute to a better understanding of local adaptation dynamics towards extreme climatic events and improvement of management strategies.

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