scholarly journals Linking Conservation, Community Knowledge, and Adaptation to Extreme Climatic Events: A Case Study in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6478
Author(s):  
Amemarlita Matos ◽  
Laura Barraza ◽  
Isabel Ruiz-Mallén
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Extreme Climatic Events ◽  
Water Provision

This study is based on ethnographic research that analyzes how traditional knowledge and local beliefs on biodiversity conservation relates to the local ability to adapt and be resilient to climatic changes in two communities around Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique: Nhanfisse in the buffer zone and Muanandimae in the core area. A total of 78 semi-structured interviews with heads of households were conducted. We found that both communities carried out practices and held beliefs associated with conservation, such as protecting trees and animal species considered sacred or perceived as beneficial for human life in terms of water provision and agricultural production. In addition to traditional ceremonies that respond to extreme climatic events such as drought and flood, other adaptation strategies used by the communities include moving to neighboring areas in search of better living conditions and using forest products in times of scarcity. We discuss that the management of the park should be agreed on, in a shared way, between local communities and conservation agents to ensure that these areas continue to perform the ecological, subsistence, and spiritual functions required. Our research results contribute to a better understanding of local adaptation dynamics towards extreme climatic events and improvement of management strategies.

scholarly journals Crop Protection and Its Effectiveness against Wildlife: A Case Study of Two Villages of Shivapuri National Park, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudip Pandey ◽  
Siddhartha Bajra Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Crop Damage

A complex relationship between the residents and protected areas continue to be an obstacle to successful conservation of protected areas. Conflicts between park authority and people living around the park pose a threat to conservation. Moreover, crop depredation due to wildlife incurs a severe economic loss to communities living in the close vicinity of the park, affecting the livelihood and well-being of locals. Many studies have been carried out emphasizing the identification and quantification of crop damage, but studies highlighting the means used for the crop protection and their effectiveness are limited. This paper examines frequency of the crop damage by wildlife and efficacy of utilized management practices in Shivapuri National Park (SNP). Altogether 132 households were visited in two buffer zone villages namely, Sikre and Jhor Mahankhal of Shivapuri National Park, Nepal. The study suggested that crop depredation by wildlife was a function of several factors, namely, distance of the farmland from the park, size of the crop raiding animals, frequency of their attacks on the farmland, and the type of crops. Five different measures were identified by the communities which they regularly used to prevent crop damage. Both traditional as well as modern means were used by households to guard crops from invading wild animals. The means of crop protection from wildlife differed according to the type of animal and crop being protected. Biofencing and trenches were effective for the small animals. Watch tower “Machans” and throwing flaming sticks and making noises were the most effective and safest means of crop guarding from all kind of animals. Though crop guarding was intensive, no means were found to be able to prevent crop damage completely. Thus, site specific management strategies as well as technical and financial support from donor organizations would be most useful to minimize crop loss.Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 16, No.1 (2015) pp. 1-10

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL KARIMUNJAWA Management of Capture fisheries in the Area of Karimunjawa National Park

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Yulia Santi ◽  
Sutrisno Anggoro ◽  
Suryanti Suryanti
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Fisheries Resources ◽  
Management Institutions ◽  
And Training

ABSTRAKPerikanan  tangkap  di  kawasan  Taman  Nasional  Karimunjawa  dikelola  oleh  lebih  dari  satu  instansipengelola.  Setiap  instansi  diduga  mempunyai  peran  masing-  masing  sesuai  tupoksinya.  Saat  ini  belum diketahui secara nyata instansi apa saja yang mengelola beserta perannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi instansi pengelola yang berperan dalam pengelolaan perikanan tangkap di kawasan TNKJ, persepsi,  aspirasi  dan  partisipasi  nelayan  terhadap  pengelolaan  perikanan  tangkap  serta  bagaimana  strategi pengelola  dalam  pengawasan  perikanan  tangkap.  Metode  penelitian  ini  adalah  studi  kasus  dengan  analisis deskriptif, dimana pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi pustaka. Penentuan responden menggunakan metode purposive sampling, responden terdiri dari nelayan dan instansi pengelola. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa  instansi yang  mengelola  perikanan tangkap adalah Unit  Pelaksana  Teknis   Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Karimunjawa, Balai Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Dinas Perikanan, Polisi Air   dan Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut dan Satuan Kerja Pengawasan Sumberdaya Kelautan dan   Perikanan. Pembagian peran masing- masing instansi pengelola sudah sesuai dengan bidang masing-masing  serta tidak terjadi tumpang tindih kewenangan. Sinkronisasi dan koordinasi sudah dilakukan, hal ini terbukti   dengan  adanya  Nota  Kesepakatan Bersama. Sebanyak 80% nelayan setuju dengan peraturan yang diterapkan. Partisipasi nelayan terhadap sosialisasi dan pelatihan rendah yaitu 35% dan 19%. Strategi pengelola dalam pengawasan perikanan tangkap adalah dengan membentuk dan memberdayakan Pengawas   Perikanan  dan  Kelompok  Masyarakat  Pengawas  secara  sinergi. Strategi untuk  meningkatkan partisipasi  nelayan  dalam  sosialisasi  dan  pelatihan  adalah  dengan  memberikan penyadaran  motivasi dan  apresiasi berupa penghargaan dan pendampingan. ABSTRACTCapture   fisheries   in Karimunjawa National   Park   are   managed by   more   than one   management institutions.  Each  institution  is  assumed  to  have  their  respective  roles  according  to  their  basic  tasks  andfunctions. It is not yet known exactly what institutions are managing along with their roles. The purposes of  this study  were to know what institutions  were involved  in the management of capture fisheries in TNKJ  areas, perceptions, aspirations and participation of fishermen on the management of capture fisheries and  how the management strategy in the supervision of capture fisheries. This research method was case study with descriptive analysis, where data collected by interview and literature study. Determination of  respondents used purposive sampling method, respondents consist of fishermen and manager institution. The results showed that the institutions that managed capture fisheries were Technical Implementation Unit  Karimunjawa Fishery Port, Karimunjawa National Park Office, Fisheries Official, Water Police and Indonesian National Army – Navy and Work Unit of Supervision of Marine and Fisheries Resources. The  division of roles of each institution agency was in accordance with their respective fields and there was no  overlapping authority. Synchronization and coordination had been done, it was proved by the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). As many as 80% of fishermen agree with the regulations applied. The  participations of fishermen on socialization and training were low at 35% and 19%. The management strategies in the supervision of capture fisheries were by establishing and empowering Fisheries Supervisor  and a group of supervisor community (PokMasWas). The strategies to increase the participation of fishermen in socialization and training were by giving awareness of motivation and appreciation in the form  of recognition and assistance.

scholarly journals Birds and mammals of the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia

Oryx ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G. O'Brien ◽  
Margaret F. Kinnaird
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Sustainable Exploitation ◽  
South West ◽  
Land Use Conflicts ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park in south-west Sumatra is one of the largest protected areas in Sumatra and thus of considerable importance to the conservation of biodiversity in Indonesia. Until recently, little was known of the wildlife in the park. The authors' surveys document the presence of an intact community of the birds and mammals known to occur in lowland Sumatran rain forests. While hunting and collection of forest products threaten a number of plant and animal species in the park, the primary threat to the park's integrity is from agricultural encroachment and expansion of enclaves beyond their boundaries. The future survival of Bukit Barisan National Park and its wildlife requires that active measures be taken to curb non-sustainable exploitation of plants and wildlife. It will also be necessary to resolve land-use conflicts with communities in, and adjacent to, the park.

scholarly journals Demand and Supply of Forest Products in Bandevi Buffer Zone Community Forest, Chitwan National Park, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Pokharel ◽  
Jagdish Poudel ◽  
Ram Kumar Adhikari ◽  
Aseem Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Product Demand ◽  
Resource Needs ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Chitwan National Park ◽  
Forest Conditions

<p><em>Buffer Zone Community Forestry (BZCF) in the Chitwan National Park (CNP) started with an objective to engage locals and fulfill their resource needs without jeopardizing conservation. This study estimates the forest product demand and supply of fuelwood, fodder, and timber in Bandevi BZCF user group. Data was collected using stratified random sampling and forest inventory using the quadrate method. Results indicated Bandevi BZCF conditions improved since its handover to the community. However, the study estimated a deficit of 26173 cubic meters per year of timber, 3.21 million tonnes per year (Mt/yr) of fodder, and 0.12 Mt/yr of fuelwood. Deficits were fulfilled from agricultural lands outside BZCF and illegal collection from the Bharandavar corridor forest and CNP. BZCF program is a success in improving forest conditions and needs continuation. Policy and programs must focus primarily on livelihood improvement and income generations to reduce the dependency of local people on the forest.</em></p>

scholarly journals O turismo em Patrimônio da Penha (ES) e suas interfaces com o Parque Nacional do Caparaó

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Silveira Massini ◽  
Bruno Pereira Bedim ◽  
Ricardo Eustáquio Fonseca-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Institutional Aspects ◽  
Caparaó National Park

Este artigo discute o contexto do turismo na comunidade denominada Patrimônio da Penha, localizada no entorno do Parque Nacional do Caparaó, especificamente no município de Divino de São Lourenço (ES), local que possui grande biodiversidade e com isso muitos atrativos naturais. Analisam-se aspectos institucionais passando por suas estratégias de manejo e dados sobre o uso público. A partir do método etnográfico (Alberti, 1989), realiza-se um estudo de caso sobre o turismo na referida comunidade, ressaltando-se aspectos socioculturais constatados em pesquisas de campo, que demonstram o desenvolvimento turístico no distrito e as influências advindas da existência de uma unidade de conservação na região. Abstract This article discusses the context of tourism in the community called Patrimônio da Penha, located in the vicinity of the Caparaó National Park , specifically in the municipality of Divino de São Lourenço (ES, Brazil), a place that has great biodiversity and with that many natural attractions. It examines institutional aspects through their management strategies and data on public use. From the ethnographic method (Alberti, 1989), carried out a case study on tourism in that community, emphasizing sociocultural aspects observed in field surveys, which show the development of tourism in the district and the influences arising from the existence of a protected area in the region. Key Words: Community-Based Ecotourism; Caparaó National Park; Divino de São Lourenço; Patrimônio da Penha (ES)

scholarly journals Dual Value System and its assessment scheme for understanding and valuing ecosystem services

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haile Yang ◽  
Jiakuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Pearl River Basin ◽  
Value System ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Zhujiang River ◽  
Water Provision

AbstractValuing ecosystem services (ES) is helpful for effective ES management. However, there are many limitations in traditional ES valuation approaches, including theoretical challenges and practical difficulties. To overcome these limitations, we proposed a dual value system (DVS). And then, we presented a case study of valuing the water provision in Zhujiang River Basin (Pearl River Basin) based on DVS. DVS follows the axioms that (1) human life would end if we lose any of vital ES which is indispensable to human being’s survival (such as oxygen, freshwater) and (2) ES cannot provide any value to people without human activities. Correspondingly, DVS includes two types of value: the output support value (OSV) of a vital ES refers to the total value produced by human being’s economic and social activities (TVPH) supported by the ES consumption; the optional capacity value (OCV) of a vital ES refers to the optional capacity of supporting TVPH provided by total ES volume. The OCV provided by a vital ES is calculated by using the product of multiplying the OSV (TVPH) by the freedom of choosing the consumption from the total volume of this ES, valued in non-monetary units. Based on DVS, the OSV and OCV of water provision in Zhujiang River Basin were analyzed in river basin scale and sub-basin scale, and the values variation of water provision from 2006 to 2015 was analyzed in sub-basin scale. And then, based on this case study, we discussed the new insights into ES provided by DVS. Results proved that DVS and its assessment scheme overcame the limitations on current ES valuation approaches and provided an innovative quantitative framework to understand and value ES which will help to make good decisions in ES management.

scholarly journals Approaches to governance of participant-led research: a qualitative case study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e025633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azure Dominique Grant ◽  
Gary Isaac Wolf ◽  
Camille Nebeker
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Ethical Reflection ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Formal Framework ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Further Development

ObjectivesParticipant-led research (PLR) is a rapidly developing form of citizen science in which individuals can create personal and generalisable knowledge. Although PLR lacks a formal framework for ethical review, participants should not be excused from considering the ethical implications of their work. Therefore, a PLR cohort consisting of 24 self-trackers aimed to: (1) substitute research ethics board procedures with engagement in ethical reflection before and throughout the study and (2) draft principles to encourage further development of the governance and ethical review of PLR.MethodsA qualitative case study method was used to analyse the ethical reflection process. Participants discussed study risks, risk management strategies and benefits pre-project, during a series of weekly webinars, via individual meetings with the participant-organisers, and during semi-structured interviews at project completion. Themes arising from discussions and interviews were used to draft prospective principles to guide PLR.ResultsData control, aggregation and identifiability were the most common risks identified. These were addressed by a commitment to transparency among all participants and by establishing participant control via self-collection and self-management of data. Group discussions and resources (eg, assistance with experimental design and data analysis) were the most commonly referenced benefits of participation. Additional benefits included greater understanding of one’s physiology and greater ability to structure an experiment. Nine principles were constructed to encourage further development of ethical PLR practices. All participants expressed interest in participating in future PLR.ConclusionsProjects involving a small number of participants can sustain engagement in ethical reflection among participants and participant-organisers. PLR that prioritises transparency, participant control of data and ongoing risk-to-benefit evaluation is compatible with the principles that underlie traditional ethical review of health research, while being appropriate for a context in which citizen scientists play the central role.

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