Development of Microbial Populations in Fermented Wastes from Frozen Vegetable Processing

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
NANCY J. MOON
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
End Products ◽  
Facultative Anaerobic ◽  
Turnip Greens ◽  
Acetic Acids

Changes in microbial populations were evaluated in fermented silage-like products prepared from wastes generated during frozen vegetable processing. Lactobacillus plantarum (107/g) was used to inoculate wastes from black-eyed peas, corn, potatoes, turnip greens and green beans. Populations of facultative anaerobic flora (lactobacilli, lactic acid cocci), anaerobes (clostridia) and lactate-hydrolyzing microflora differed in silages of different composition. Development of microflora correlated with pH decline and production of volatile and nonvolatile acids. Lactic and acetic acids were produced early while secondary metabolic end products (propionic, butyric acids) accumulated later in silages as populations of clostridia and propionibacteria increased. Minimum pH levels were attained after 2 and 4 days of fermentation. Black-eyed pea and potato silages had relatively high pH levels (>4.50). This was correlated with low soluble carbohydrate content. No generalized role could be determined for population changes of fungi or coliforms. The most desirable waste silages can be produced from temperature-stressed materials adjusted to proper composition to ensure optimum fermentation patterns.

scholarly journals Microbial succesion, fermentation end-products, aerobic stability of guinea grass ensiled with various doses of additive containing bacterial inoculant and fibrolytic enzymes.

1969 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 151-164
Author(s):  
Abner A. Rodríguez ◽  
José L. Martínez ◽  
Raúl Macchiavelli ◽  
Ernesto O. Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Microbial Succession ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
End Products ◽  
Guinea Grass

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of three application rates (0,1 and 2 times the recommended rate) of a commercial additive containing a lactic acid-producing bacterial inoculant as well as plant cell walldegrading enzymes, on the microbial succession, fermentation end-products, and aerobic stability of guinea grass (Panicum maximum var. Jacq.) silage. Vegetative material was harvested at 30% dry matter (DM) and chopped into 2.5-cm pieces. At ensiling, three treatments were imposed: no additive (control), additive applied at recommended rate, and at 2x the recommended rate. Three silos per treatment were opened after 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28, and 56 d of fermentation, and siiage was analyzed for pH, microbial succession, chemical composition, fermentation end-products and aerobic stability. For aerobic stability determination, three silos per treatment were opened at the end of the fermentation period, and silage (400 g) was exposed to air for three days in Styrofoam containers lined with plastic. After 0 , 1 , and 3 d of aerobic exposure, silage was analyzed for pH, microbial populations (total bacteria, yeast and molds), water soluble carbohydrate content, fermentation end-products and in vitro dry matter degradability (IVDMD). Temperature was monitored daily and dry matter recovery (DMR) was calculated after 1 and 3 d of aerobic exposure. The addition of the commercial additive, applied one or two times the recommended rate, increased (P < 0.05) the lactic acid producing bacterial population and decreased (P < 0.05) conforms during early stages of the fermentation process, but did not influence the yeast and mold populations or the chemical composition of the resulting silage. Use of the inoculant-enzyme mixture also resulted in siiage with higher lactic acid content 56 days post ensiling. The silage additive did not inffuence pH, temperature, microbial populations, soluble carbohydrate content, IVDMD or DMR of guinea grass silage after exposure to air. In summary, use of the commercial additive applied at the recommended rate partially improved the fermentation characteristics of guinea grass silage, but did not enhance its aerobic stability. Increasing the application rate to twice the recommended rate did not result in better fermentation.

scholarly journals Microbial populations, fermentative profile and chemical composition of signalgrass silages at different regrowth ages

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Santos ◽  
O.G. Pereira ◽  
R. Garcia ◽  
C.L.L.F. Ferreira ◽  
J.S. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Fermentation Period

Microbial populations, pH, ammonium nitrogen/total nitrogen (N-NH3) ratio, concentrations of lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid and the chemical composition of Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basiliski silages at different regrowth ages (30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 days) were evaluated by using 2-kg capacity laboratory silos. It was used a 5 × 6 factorial scheme (5 regrowth ages × 6 fermentation periods) in a complete random design, with three replicates. The fermentation periods were 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days. Lactic acid bacteria populations were recorded in fresh forage varying from 3.93 (30 days of regrowth) to 5.51 (70 days of regrowth) log colony-forming units (cfu)/g forage. Maximum populations of these microorganisms were recorded in the silages on the seventh day of fermentation (8.69 log cfu/g silage). Enterobacteria populations persisted until the 28th day, with maximum values found as early as the first day of fermentation (7.89 log cfu/g silage). Levels of DM, NDF, ADF and ADIN increased linearly whereas values of CP decreased linearly with age of regrowth of the plants. There was a linear reduction in the levels of DM, CP and NDF and linear increase in the levels of ADIN over the period of fermentation. N-NH3 level decreased and increased linearly with regrowth age and fermentation period, respectively. The pH decreased exponentially with fermentation period. Lactic acid increased and butyric acid decreased linearly with regrowth age. The predominant Lactobacillus plantarum species in signalgrass plants is Lactobacillus plantarum.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Bioactivation of Isoflavones in Soymilk by Lactic Acid Bacteria

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Jon Kepa Izaguirre ◽  
Leire Barañano ◽  
Sonia Castañón ◽  
Itziar Alkorta ◽  
Luis M. Quirós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Interesting Candidate

Soybeans and soy-based products contain isoflavones which can be used for nutraceutical and medical applications. In soybeans and in unfermented soy foods, isoflavones are normally present as glycosides. Isoflavone glycosides can be enzymatically converted to isoflavone aglycones, thus releasing the sugar molecule. The effective absorption of isoflavones in humans requires the bioconversion of isoflavone glycosides to isoflavone aglycones through the activity of the enzyme β-glucosidase. The objective was to assess the capacity of 42 bacterial strains (belonging to Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Enterococcus) to produce β-glucosidase activity. The strain that showed the highest β-glucosidase activity (Lactobacillus plantarum 128/2) was then used for the optimization of the bioconversion of genistin and daidzin present in commercial soymilk to their aglycone forms genistein and daidzein. The contribution of process parameters (temperature, inoculum size, time) to the efficiency of such bioactivation was tested. Lactobacillus plantarum 128/2 was able to completely bioactivate soymilk isoflavones under the following conditions: 25 °C temperature, 2% inoculum size and 48 h process time. These results confirm the suitability of lactic acid bacteria for the bioactivation of isoflavones present in soymilk and provide an interesting candidate (L. plantarum 182/2) for food industries to perform this transformation.

scholarly journals Probiotic Potential of a Novel Vitamin B2-Overproducing Lactobacillus plantarum Strain, HY7715, Isolated from Kimchi

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5765
Author(s):  
Joo-Yun Kim ◽  
Eun-Jung Choi ◽  
Jae-Ho Lee ◽  
Myeong-Seok Yoo ◽  
Keon Heo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency

Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is essential for maintaining human health. The purpose of this study was to isolate novel lactic acid bacteria that overproduce vitamin B2 and to validate their potential as probiotics. In this study, Lactobacillus plantarum HY7715 (HY7715) was selected among lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi. HY7715 showed a very high riboflavin-producing ability compared to the control strain due to the high expression of ribA, ribB, ribC, ribH, and ribG genes. HY7715 produced 34.5 ± 2.41 mg/L of riboflavin for 24 h without consuming riboflavin in the medium under optimal growth conditions. It was able to produce riboflavin in an in vitro model of the intestinal environment. In addition, when riboflavin deficiency was induced in mice through nutritional restriction, higher levels of riboflavin were detected in plasma and urine in the HY7715 administration group than in the control group. HY7715 showed high survival rate in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and had antibiotic resistance below the cutoff MIC value suggested by the European Food Safety Authority; moreover, it did not cause hemolysis. In conclusion, HY7715 could be considered a beneficial probiotic strain for human and animal applications, suggesting that it could be a new alternative to address riboflavin deficiency.

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