Sodium Benzoate in the Control of Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATHY E. EL-GAZZAR ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
And Control

Sodium benzoate, 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4%, was added to a glucose-yeast-salts medium which was inoculated with 1 ml of a spore suspension containing 108 conidia of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and then was incubated at 28°C. Cultures were analyzed after 3, 7 and 10 d for mycelial dry weight, pH and accumulation of aflatoxin B1 and G1. Amounts of aflatoxin produced were determined using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The percentage of inhibition or stimulation by the additive was used to make comparisons between treatments and control. Generally, increasing the concentration of sodium benzoate increased the percentage of inhibition at the end of incubation (10 d). However, the average accumulation of mycelial dry weight was greater in the presence of benzoate than in its absence, with the greatest increase occurring when the medium contained 0.3% sodium benzoate.

Role of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Prevention of Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATHY E. EL-GAZZAR ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
And Control

Hydrogen peroxide, 0.0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.3 and 0.5% was added to 25 ml of a glucose-yeast-salts medium which was inoculated with 1 ml of a spore suspension containing 106 conidia of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and then was incubated at 14 or 28°C. Cultures held at 28°C were analyzed after 3, 7 and 10 d for mycelial dry weight, pH and accumulation of aflatoxin B1 and G1. Incubation of some cultures at 28°C was continued for 90 d. Cultures held at 14°C were analyzed after 1, 2 and 3 months for mycelial dry weight, pH and aflatoxin production. Amounts of aflatoxin produced were determined using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The percentage of inhibition or stimulation by the additive was used to make comparisons between treatments and control. Overall, increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide to 0.3 or 0.5% completely prevented growth and aflatoxin production for up to 90 d of incubation at 14 or 28°C.

Growth of and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus in a Medium Containing Potassium Chloride or a Mixture of Potassium Chloride and Sodium Chloride

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 880-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
GULAM RUSUL ◽  
FATHY E. EL-GAZZAR ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Reverse Phase

Twenty-five milliliters of glucose-yeast-salts medium containing 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% KCl or a mixture of NaCl (%) and KCl (%) (0:0, 1.5:0.5, 3.25:0.75, 4.75:1.25, 6.5:1.5, and 8:2) was inoculated with 1 ml of a spore suspension containing 106 conidia of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and incubated at 28°C for 10 d. The pH, dry weight of mycelium and aflatoxin production were determined after 3, 7 and 10 d of incubation. Amounts of aflatoxin produced were determined using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mold growing in the presence of 0, 2 and 4% KCl produced maximum amounts of aflatoxin after 3 d, whereas in the presence of 6, 8 and 10% KCl it did so after 7 d. This trend was also true when the mold grew in the presence of mixtures of NaCl and KC1. Amounts of aflatoxin produced decreased with increasing concentrations of KCl or of the mixture of NaCl and KCl. The mycelial dry weight increased with increasing concentrations of KCl or the mixture of NaCl and KCl, although there was an extended lag phase at higher concentrations of both treatments.

Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus in the Presence of Sodium Chloride

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATHY E. EL-GAZZAR ◽  
GULAM RUSUL ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Salt Medium

Twenty-five milliliters of glucose-yeast-salt medium containing 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10% NaCl was inoculated to contain, approximately 105 or 107 conidia of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and then incubated at 13 or 28°C. Amounts of aflatoxin produced were determined using Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Increasing the concentration of NaCl reduced accumulation of aflatoxin and also induced a lag in growth of the culture. At 13°C, the mold produced small amounts of aflatoxin after an extended lag phase, and NaCl was markedly more inhibitory at 13 than at 28°C.

Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 in the Presence of Lactic Acid and at Different Initial pH values

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 940-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATHY E. EL-GAZZAR ◽  
GULAM RUSUL ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Medium Weight

Twenty-five milliliters of glucose-yeast-salts medium containing 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% lactic acid with an initial pH of 3.5 or 4.5 were inoculated with 1 ml of a spore suspension containing 106 conidia of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and incubated at 28°C for 10 d. The pH of the medium, weight of mycelium and aflatoxin production were determined after 3, 7, and 10 d of incubation. Amounts of aflatoxin produced were determined using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Cultures grown in the presence of 0.5 and 0.75% lactic acid at an initial pH of 4.5 produced more aflatoxin B1 than did the other cultures at the end of 3 d of incubation. This was not true for aflatoxin G1; with increasing concentrations of lactic acid, cultures produced decreasing amounts of aflatoxin G1. Also, cultures growing in the medium with an initial pH of 3.5 produced more aflatoxin B1 in the presence of lactic acid at the end of 3 d of incubation than did control cultures. Cultures growing in the presence of 0.5 and 0.75% lactic acid produced the most aflatoxin. Maximum amounts of aflatoxin G1 were produced after 7 d of incubation, with cultures growing in the presence of 0.5 and 0.75% lactic acid producing the most. Lactic acid did not inhibit growth (mycelium weight) of cultures in the medium with initial pH values of 3.5 or 4.5 except there was a slight decrease in mycelial weight when the medium contained 0.5% lactic acid and had an initial pH value of 3.5.

Development and Validation of A Reversed Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Ramipril Drug Content from Formulated Dosage Form

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Chandra ◽  
Manisha Pant ◽  
Harchan Singh ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Ashwani Sanghi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Drug Content

A reliable and reproducible reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was developed for the quantitative determination of Remipril drug content from marketed bulk tablets. The active ingredient of Remipril separation achieved with C18 column using the methanol water mobile phase in the ratio of 40:60 (v/v). The active ingredient of the drug content quantify with UV detector at 215 nm. The retention time of Remipril is 5.63 min. A good linearity relation (R2=0.999) was obtained between drug concentration and average peak areas. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of the instrument were calculated 0.03 and 0.09 µg/mL, respectively. The accuracy of the method validation was determined 102.72% by recoveries method.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document