Effect of Heating on Water Soluble Biuret-Positive Compounds of Canned Cured Pork Picnic Shoulder

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARL E. DAVIS ◽  
B. G. LYON ◽  
J. O. REAGAN ◽  
W. E. TOWNSEND
Keyword(s):  
Protein Separation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Heat Denaturation ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gels ◽  
Silver Stain

Protein solubility loss as a result of heat denaturation/coaguiation was followed by a ratio of extractable biuret positive compounds (EBPR). Extracts of water-soluble proteins were evaluated by isoelectric focusing (IEF) on polyacrylamide gels. Four heat treatments (60°C, 62.8°C, 65.6°C and 68.8°C) were employed in processing canned (No. 300×407) cured pork. Center cores from canned samples were ground for water soluble protein extraction utilizing a 1:3.3 meat-to-water ratio by high-speed blending (Sorvall Omni-mixer) for 1 min at 0–2°C, centrifuging 10 min at 27,000 ×g at 0–2°C and filtering (0.45–μa.m) with vacuum assist. Eight ml of the clear extract was re-heated in a glass tube for 15 min at 70°C, removed, and chilled (0–2°C) immediately. Coagulum was removed by filtration. EBPR was calculated from mg of protein/ml of initial muscle extract divided by mg of protein/ml of reheated extract for each temperature treatment. EBPR values were 1.75, 1.24, 1.13, and 1.10, respectively. Using 70°C as the critical temperature, an upper 95% confidence limit EBPR value of 1.12 was calculated. Portions of protein extract were isoelectrofocused on thin layer (0.8 mm) low concentration (5% monomer) polyacrylamide gels (pH gradient 3–10). IEF gels generally showed resolution of 12 to 23 protein bands in the muscle extracts, depending upon temperature treatment. Certain bands with apparent isoelectric points (pis) ranging from 7.4 to 8.5 decreased in staining intensity (silver stain) as temperature increased. The general protein separation profiles correlated with decreasing EBPR values as temperature increased.

Extracting Tenebrio molitor protein while preventing browning: effect of pH and NaCl on protein yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Yi ◽  
M.A.J.S. Van Boekel ◽  
C.M.M. Lakemond
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Sodium Bisulphite ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Precipitation Ph

The potential of insects as an alternative protein source for food applications was investigated by studying the effect of pH and NaCl on extraction yield of water-soluble proteins from Tenebrio molitor, while preventing browning due to polyphenol oxidation. Minimum protein solubility (29.6%) was at pH=4-6 and maximum (68.6%) at pH=11. Protein extraction at 0.1 M NaCl, pH=10 gave a recovery of 100%. The observed increase in browning at pH=8-11 corresponded to a lower monomeric phenol content. Sodium bisulphite (studied from 0.5-4%) could prevent browning, whereas ascorbic acid (studied in the range 0.01-0.04%) could not prevent as strong as sodium bisulphite. After acid precipitation (pH=4) an isolate with a protein content of 74% (yield of 22% of total protein) was obtained. It was observed that proteins from T. molitor behave more or less the same as proteins from meat and fish with respect to aqueous extraction, which is of relevance for food industry when using T. molitor protein as an ingredient in food products.

Optimization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Ezetimibe in Combination with Simvastatin Using Quality by Design (QbD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-418
Author(s):  
Kruti Borderwala ◽  
Ganesh Swain ◽  
Namrata Mange ◽  
Jaimini Gandhi ◽  
Manisha Lalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Lipid Matrix ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
32 Factorial Design ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design

Background: The objective of this study was to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of poorly water soluble anti-hyperlipidemic drugs-Ezetimibe in combination with Simvastatin. Methods: This study describes a 32 full factorial experimental design to optimize the formulation of drug loaded lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by the high speed homogenization technique. The independent variables amount of lipid (GMS) and amount of surfactant (Poloxamer 188) were studied at three levels and arranged in a 32 factorial design to study the influence on the response variables- particle size, % entrapment efficiency (%EE) and cumulative drug release (% CDR) at 24 h. Results: The particle size, % EE and % CDR at 24 h for the 9 batches (B1 to B9) showed a wide variation of 104.6-496.6 nm, 47.80-82.05% (Simvastatin); 48.60-84.23% (Ezetimibe) and 54.64-92.27% (Simvastatin); 43.8-97.1% (Ezetimibe), respectively. The responses of the design were analysed using Design Expert 10.0.2. (Stat-Ease, Inc, USA), and the analytical tools of software were used to draw response surface plots. From the statistical analysis of data, polynomial equations were generated. Optimized formulation showed particle size of 169.5 nm, % EE of 75.43% (Simvastatin); 79.10% (Ezetimibe) and 74.13% (Simvastatin); 77.11% (Ezetimibe) %CDR after 24 h. Thermal analysis of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles gave indication of solubilisation of drugs within lipid matrix. Conclusion: Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the absence of new bands for loaded solid lipid nanoparticles indicating no interaction between drugs and lipid matrix and being only dissolved in it. Electron microscope of transmission techniques indicated sphere form of prepared solid lipid nanoparticles with smooth surface with size approximately around 100 nm.

scholarly journals Influence of microadditive of carbon dioxide on the kinetics of boiling-up of superheated w-pentane

2021 ◽  
Vol 2039 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
S A Perminov ◽  
E V Lipnyagov ◽  
M A Parshakova
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Active Centers ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Vertical Glass ◽  
Attainable Superheat ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract The effect of a low-boiling impurity (CO2 gas <1.5% mol) on the kinetics of boiling-up of superheated n-pentane in a vertical glass tube have been studied by high-speed video (2050 fps). The method of continuous pressure decrease from 2.00 to 0.10 MPa (in the temperature range of 100.2-145.1 °C), as well as the method of measuring the lifetimes of superheated liquids at 0.10 MPa (90.2-134.1 °C) have been used. The inner surface of the tube has two visible defects, one of which defines the boundary of the attainable superheat. After degassing the system, the defects of tube cease to play an appreciable role, the active centers are redistributed. The temperature of the attainable superheat increases from the initial value by 20 °C in tests with gas and by 10 °C in subsequent tests without it. The result obtained may be related to physical gas adsorption on the glass surface during the process of evacuation of the system.

scholarly journals Functional properties of protein isolates from camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) and flixweed (sophia, Descurainis sophia L.) seed meals

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Thi Ty Ngo ◽  
Fereidoon Shahidi
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Foaming Properties ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
Water Holding

AbstractCamelina and flixweed (sophia) seed protein isolates were prepared using both the conventional extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction methods at 40 kHz for 20 min, and their functional properties investigated. SDS-PAGE showed that both ultrasound-assisted and conventional extractions resulted in a similar protein profile of the extract. The application of ultrasound significantly improved protein extraction/content and functional properties (water holding capacity, oil absorption capacity, emulsifying foaming properties, and protein solubility) of camelina protein isolate and sophia protein isolate. The water-holding and oil absorption capacities of sophia protein isolate were markedly higher than those of camelina protein isolate. These results suggest that camelina protein isolate and sophia protein isolate may serve as natural functional ingredients in the food industry. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Effect of Uniformly and Nonuniformly Coated Al2O3 Nanoparticles over Glass Tube Heater on Pool Boiling

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Doifode ◽  
Sameer Gajghate ◽  
Abdul Najim ◽  
Anil Acharya ◽  
Ashok Pise
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Boiling Heat Transfer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Pool Boiling ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Coated Nanoparticles ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Coated Surface

Effect of uniformly and nonuniformly coated Al2O3 nanoparticles over plain glass tube heater on pool boiling heat transfer was studied experimentally. A borosilicate glass tube coated with Al2O3 nanoparticle was used as test heater. The boiling behaviour was studied by using high speed camera. Result obtained for pool boiling shows enhancement in heat transfer for nanoparticle coated surface heater and compared with plain glass tube heater. Also heat transfer coefficient for nonuniformly coated nanoparticles was studied and compared with uniformly coated and plain glass tube. Coating effect of nanoparticles over glass tube increases its surface roughness and thereby creates more nucleation sites.

A new method of high-speed cellular protein separation and insight into subcellular compartmentalization of proteins

2011 ◽  
Vol 400 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Png ◽  
WanWen Lan ◽  
Melisa Lazaroo ◽  
Silin Chen ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Separation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
New Method ◽  
Subcellular Compartmentalization ◽  
Insight Into

The Effect of Surface Wettability on Viscous Film Deposition

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Herescu ◽  
Jeffrey S. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Capillary Number ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Uniqueness Of The Solution

The viscous deposition of a liquid film on the inside of a capillary has been experimentally investigated with a focus on the relationship between the film thickness and surface wettability. With distilled water as a working fluid tests were run in a 622 microns diameter glass tube with contact angles of 30° and 105°, respectively. In the first set of experiments the tube was uncoated while in the second set a fluoropolymer coating was applied to increase the contact angle. A film thickness dependence with the contact angle θ (surface wettability) as well as the Capillary number in the form hR ∼ Ca2/3/cosθ is inferred from scaling arguments. For partial wetting it may explain the existence of a thicker film for nonzero contact angle. It was further found that the non-wetting case of 105° contact angle deviates significantly from the existing theories, the film thickness presenting a weak dependence with the Capillary number. This deviation as well as the apparent non-uniqueness of the solution is thought to be caused by the film instability (rupture) observed during the tests. The thickness of the deposited film as a function of the Capillary number was estimated from the liquid mass exiting the capillary and the gas-liquid interface (meniscus) velocity, and compared to Bretherton’s data and a correlation proposed by Quere. The film thickness measurements as well as the meniscus velocity were determined with the aid of a Photron high speed camera with 10000 frames per second sampling capability coupled with a Nikon TE-2000 inverted microscope and a Precisa electronic balance.

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