Relationship of Cell Surface Charge and Hydrophobicity to Strength of Attachment of Bacteria to Cantaloupe Rind†

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIKE O. UKUKU ◽  
WILLIAM F. FETT
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Salmonella Infections

The cantaloupe melon has been associated with outbreaks of Salmonella infections. It is suspected that bacterial surface charge and hydrophobicity may affect bacterial attachment and complicate bacterial detachment from cantaloupe surfaces. The surface charge and hydrophobicity of strains of Salmonella, Escherichia coli (O157:H7 and non-O157:H7), and Listeria monocytogenes were determined by electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction chromatography, respectively. Initial bacterial attachment to cantaloupe surfaces and the ability of bacteria to resist removal by washing with water were compared with surface charge and hydrophobicity. Whole cantaloupes were submerged in inocula containing individual strains or in cocktails containing Salmonella, E. coli, and L. monocytogenes, either as a mixture of strains containing all three genera or as a mixture of strains belonging to a single genus, for 10 min. Inoculated cantaloupes were dried for 1 h in a biosafety cabinet and then stored for up to 7 days at 4°C. Inoculated melons were washed with water, and bacteria still attached to the melon surface, as well as those in the wash water, were enumerated. Initial bacterial attachment was highest for individual strains of E. coli and lowest for L. monocytogenes, but Salmonella exhibited the strongest attachment on days 0, 3, and 7. When mixed-genus cocktails were used, the relative degrees of attachment of the three genera ware altered. The attachment of Salmonella strains was the strongest, but the attachment of E. coli was more extensive than that of L. monocytogenes on days 0, 3, and 7. There was a linear correlation between bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity (r2 = 0.767), negative charge (r2 = 0.738), and positive charge (r2 = 0.724) and the strength of bacterial attachment to cantaloupe surfaces.

Salmonella Sofia Differs from Other Poultry-Associated Salmonella Serovars with Respect to Cell Surface Hydrophobicity

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 2421-2428 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. R. CHIA ◽  
N. FEGAN ◽  
T. A. McMEEKIN ◽  
G. A. DYKES
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Hydrophobic Interaction ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Food System ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Salmonella Serovars

Salmonella enterica is one of the most important foodborne pathogens. Salmonella enterica subsp. II 4,12:b:– (Salmonella Sofia) is commonly found in Australian poultry. It has been suggested that physicochemical properties such as surface charge and hydrophobicity may affect bacterial attachment to surfaces and their ability to persist in food systems. A possible link between hydrophobicity cell surface charge and persistence of Salmonella from the poultry system was examined. Hydrophobicity of Salmonella Sofia (n = 14), Salmonella Typhimurium (n = 6), Salmonella Infantis (n = 3), and Salmonella Virchow (n = 2) was assayed using hydrophobic interaction chromatography, bacterial adherence to hydrocarbons (BATH), using xylene or hexadecane, and the contact angle method (CAM). Cellular surface charge (CSC) of the isolates was determined using zeta potential measurements. The majority (12 of 14) of Salmonella Sofia isolates were found to be hydrophobic when assayed using BATH with xylene, except isolates S1635 and S1636, and the other serovars were found to be hydrophilic. Salmonella Sofia isolates were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from isolates of other serovars as measured by hydrophobic interaction, BATH with hexadecane, or the CAM. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in zeta potential measurements were observed between isolates. Principal component analysis using results from all four measures of hydrophobicity allowed clear differentiation between isolates of the serovar Salmonella Sofia (except S1635 and S1636) and those of other Salmonella serovars. Differences in physicochemical properties may be a contributing factor to the Salmonella Sofia serovar's ability to attach to surfaces and persist in a food system.

scholarly journals Effects of Hydrophobic and Electrostatic Cell Surface Properties of Bacteria on Feeding Rates of Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 814-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Matz ◽  
Klaus Jürgens
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Electrostatic Charge ◽  
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Protozoan Grazing

ABSTRACT The influence of cell surface hydrophobicity and electrostatic charge of bacteria on grazing rates of three common species of interception-feeding nanoflagellates was examined. The hydrophobicity of bacteria isolated from freshwater plankton was assessed by using two different methods (bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbon and hydrophobic interaction chromatography). The electrostatic charge of the cell surface (measured as zeta potential) was analyzed by microelectrophoresis. Bacterial ingestion rates were determined by enumerating bacteria in food vacuoles by immunofluorescence labelling via strain-specific antibodies. Feeding rates varied about twofold for each flagellate species but showed no significant dependence on prey hydrophobicity or surface charge. Further evidence was provided by an experiment involving flagellate grazing on complex bacterial communities in a two-stage continuous culture system. The hydrophobicity values of bacteria that survived protozoan grazing were variable, but the bacteria did not tend to become more hydrophilic. We concluded that variability in bacterial cell hydrophobicity and variability in surface charge do not severely affect uptake rates of suspended bacteria or food selection by interception-feeding flagellates.

scholarly journals Cell surface hydrophobicity, adherence to HeLa cell cultures and haemagglutination pattern of pyelonephritogenicEscherichia colistrains

1990 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brauner ◽  
M. Katouli ◽  
K. Tullus ◽  
S. H. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Hela Cell ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
E Coli

SUMMARYCell surface hydrophobicity, haemagglutination pattern and adherence to HeLa cells were examined in 230 strains ofEscherichia colicollected from women (n= 61 strains) and children (n= 65 strains) with non-obstructive acute pyelonephritis and in 104 faecal control strains ofE. colifrom healthy adults (n= 71 strains) and children (n= 33 strains). PyelonephritogenicE. colistrains showed a significantly increased incidence of hydrophobic properties (90%) and mannose resistant haemagglutination (MRHA) of human erythrocytes (83%) than faecal control strains (64 and 23% respectively,P< 0·001 in both cases). Mannose sensitive haemagglutination (MSHA) was observed in 48% of the pyelonephritogenicE. colistrains and in 50% of the faecal control strains (NS). The incidence of adherence to HeLa cells was low both in pyelonephritogenic and faecal control strains, 6 and 7% respectively (NS). The bacterial phenotypes MRHA + MSHA + and MRHA + MSHA− appeared significantly more often in pyelonephritogenicE. colistrains (35 and 48% respectively) than in faecal control strains (5 and 17% respectively,P< 0·001 in both cases). The phenotype MRHA − MSHA + occurred significantly more often in control strains (45%) than in pyelonephritogenic strains (13%,P< 0·001). Eighty-three per cent of the pyelonephritogenicE. colistrains expressing hydrophobic properties showed MRHA and 50% of the hydrophobic strains showed MSHA. There were no significant correlations between cell surface hydrophobic properties and haemagglutination pattern or adherence to HeLa cells in pyelonephritogenicE. colistrains nor in faecal control strains.

Antibiofilm Activity of Crude Cell Free Extract from Bacillus subtilis S01 against E. coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. A. Sayem ◽  
A. J. M. T. Chowdhury ◽  
M. Z. Alam ◽  
P. K. Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Crude Extracts

Antibiofilm phenomenon has become a novel area of research for removing deleterious biofilm. In the present study, strains from different environmental sources were tested for screening antibiofilm compounds. Crude extracts from various microorganisms were evaluated for antibiofilm phenomenon through crystal violet assay and growth curve analysis. Characterization of antibiofilm compound was performed by pre-coating microtiter plate and Cell Surface Hydrophobicity experiment. Among the organisms, cell free extracts (5% v/v) from Bacillus subtilis S01 inhibited the development of E. coli PHL628 biofilm by 63%. The cell free extracts possessed no amylase activity and had no effect on the planktonic growth of biofilm forming bacteria. Moreover, no competition with quorum sensing analogues was found with the extract. Biofilm formation was more inhibited (76%) in the B. subtilis S01 extract pre-coated wells than uncoated wells (62%). However, no effect on preformed biofilm was observed with the extracts of B. subtilis S01. The extract also reduced the cell surface hydrophobicity (69%) of the biofilm forming bacteria. The present study indicated that the crude extracts of B. subtilis S01 from soil origin has anti-adherence properties towards biotic and abiotic surfaces and thus can be a potential candidate in preventing the development of biofilm.

SubMICs of penicillin and erythromycin enhance biofilm formation and hydrophobicity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. R. Gomes ◽  
R. S. Peixoto ◽  
E. A. B. Barbosa ◽  
F. Napoleão ◽  
P. S. Sabbadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Bacterial Morphology

Subinhibitory concentrations (subMICs) of antibiotics may alter bacterial surface properties and change microbial physiology. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a subMIC (⅛ MIC) of penicillin (PEN) and erythromycin (ERY) on bacterial morphology, haemagglutinating activity, cell-surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and biofilm formation on glass and polystyrene surfaces, as well as the distribution of cell-surface acidic anionic residues of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains (HC01 tox − strain; CDC-E8392 and 241 tox + strains). All micro-organisms tested were susceptible to PEN and ERY. Growth in the presence of PEN induced bacterial filamentation, whereas subMIC of ERY caused cell-size reduction of strains 241 and CDC-E8392. Adherence to human erythrocytes was reduced after growth in the presence of ERY, while CSH was increased by a subMIC of both antibiotics in bacterial adherence to n-hexadecane assays. Conversely, antibiotic inhibition of biofilm formation was not observed. All strains enhanced biofilm formation on glass after treatment with ERY, while only strain 241 increased glass adherence after cultivation in the presence of PEN. Biofilm production on polystyrene surfaces was improved by ⅛ MIC of ERY. After growth in the presence of both antimicrobial agents, strains 241 and CDC-E8392 exhibited anionic surface charges with focal distribution. In conclusion, subMICs of PEN and ERY modified bacterial surface properties and enhanced not only biofilm formation but also cell-surface hydrophobicity. Antibiotic-induced biofilm formation may contribute to the inconsistent success of antimicrobial therapy for C. diphtheriae infections.

Medicinal Plant Extracts as Anti–Escherichia coli O157:H7 Agents and Their Effects on Bacterial Cell Aggregation

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2336-2341 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUPAYANG PIYAWAN VORAVUTHIKUNCHAI ◽  
SURASAK LIMSUWAN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Bactericidal Activities

Ethanolic extracts of eight Thai medicinal plants (representing five families) that are used as traditional remedies for treating diarrhea were examined with a salt aggregation test for their ability to modulate cell surface hydrophobicity of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli strains, including E. coli O157:H7. Four of these medicinal plants, Acacia catechu, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Punica granatum, and Quercus infectoria, have high bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities. The ethanolic extract of Q. infectoria was the most effective against all strains of E. coli, with MICs of 0.12 to 0.98 mg/ml and MBCs of 0.98 to 3.91 mg/ml. The ethanolic extract of P. granatum had MICs of 0.49 to 1.95 mg/ml and MBCs of 1.95 to 3.91 mg/ml. Ethanolic extracts of Q. infectoria, P. pterocarpum, and P. granatum were among the most effective extracts against the two strains of E. coli O157:H7. The other four plants, Andrographis paniculata, Pluchia indica, Tamarindus indica, and Walsura robusta, did not have high bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities but were able to affect hydrophobicity characteristics on their outermost surface. All plants except Q. infectoria had some ability to increase cell surface hydrophobicity. There appears to be no correlation between antibacterial activity and cell aggregative properties.

Cell surface and exopolymer characterization of laboratory stabilized activated sludge from a beverage bottling plant

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Boyette ◽  
J. M. Lovett ◽  
W. G. Gaboda ◽  
J. A. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Colloid Titration ◽  
High Concentrations

Fermentor-stabilized activated sludge from an industrial beverage bottling plant was grown on three different food sources: normal plant wastewater, plant wastewater containing high sucrose concentrations, and a synthetic glucose-based feed stock. Surface charge, hydrophobicity, and exopolysaccharide composition were measured on the stabilized bacterial flocs. Cell surface charge was measured by electrophoretic mobility, dye exchange titration, and a standard colloid titration, while cell hydrophobicity was determined using the bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH) test. Exopolysaccharide profiles were determined by measuring concentrations of glucose, galactose, mannose, glucuronic, and galacturonic acids in digested exopolymer extractions using HPLC. Changes in the physical surface properties of the bacteria and the chemical composition of the extracted exopolymers were correlated with differences in the three food sources. Cell surface hydrophobicity was similar for cultures grown on different plant wastewaters, while the culture grown on synthetic food produced less floc hydrophobicity. Electrophoretic mobility measurements, charge titrations, and dye exchange titrations showed different total surface charge as well as varying charge availability. Additionally, total surface charge and total exopolysaccharide concentrations appeared less dependent on food source than the food-to-mass ratio. High concentrations of biodegradable food produced dispersed growth and high concentrations of exopolysaccharides that contributed to poor settling.

scholarly journals A study of virulence factors of E. coli strains isolated from cases of urinary tract infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Dimri ◽  
Krati Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

The aim of this study was to demonstrate virulence factors namely adhesins, hemolysin and cell surface hydrophobicity of E. coli strains isolated from cases of urinary tract infection.A total of 210 E. coli strains were isolated from 602 culture positive cases of urinary tract infections. UPEC strains were screened for virulence factors namely hemolysin, hemagglutination and cell surface hydrophobicity by recommended methods. Out of 210 E. coli strains tested, 70 (33.34%) were hemolytic, 94 (44.76%) showed hemagglutination and 46 (21.90%) were cell surface hydrophobicity positive. Our study shows that a large number of uropathogenic E. coli strains had one or more virulence factors. The methods of detection of above-mentioned virulence factors are reasonably easy and screening them in a clinical microbiology laboratory is a worthwhile exercise.

scholarly journals Vitexin altersStaphylococcus aureussurface hydrophobicity to interfere with biofilm formation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manash C. Das ◽  
Antu Das ◽  
Sourabh Samaddar ◽  
Akshay Vishnu Daware ◽  
Chinmoy Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Drug Tolerance ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Mouse Tissue ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Bacterial Surface

AbstractBacterial surface hydrophobicity is one of the determinant biophysical parameters of bacterial aggregation for being networked to form biofilm. Phytoconstituents like vitexin have long been in use for their antibacterial effect. The present work is aimed to characterise the effect of vitexin onS. aureussurface hydrophobicity and corresponding aggregation to form biofilm. We have found that vitexin shows minimum inhibitory concentration at 252 μg/ml againstS. aureus.Vitexin reduces cell surface hydrophobicity and membrane permeability at sub-MIC dose of 126 μg/ml. Thein silicobinding analysis showed higher binding affinity of vitexin with surface proteins ofS. aureus.Down regulation ofdltA,icaAB and reduction in membrane potential under sub-MIC dose of vitexin, explains reducedS. aureussurface hydrophobicity. Vitexin has substantially reduced the intracellular adhesion of planktonic cells to form biofilm through interference of EPS formation, motility and subsequent execution of virulence. This was supported by the observation that vitexin down regulates the expression oficaAB andagrAC genes ofS. aureus.In addition, vitexin also found to potentiate antibiofilm activity of sub-MIC dose of gentamicin and azithromycin. Furthermore, CFU count, histological examination of mouse tissue and immunomodulatory study justifies thein vivoprotective effect of vitexin fromS. aureusbiofilm associated infection. Finally it can be inferred that, vitexin has the ability to modulateS. aureuscell surface hydrophobicity which can further interfere biofilm formation of the bacteria.ImportanceThere has been substantial information known about role of bacterial surface hydrophobicity during attachment of single planktonic bacterial cells to any surface and the subsequent development of mature biofilm. This study presents the effect of flavone phytoconstituent vitexin on modulation of cell surface hydrophobicity in reducing formation of biofilm. Our findings also highlight the ability of vitexin in reducingin vivo S. aureusbiofilm which will eventually outcompete the correspondingin vitroantibiofilm effect. Synergistic effect of vitexin on azithromycin and gentamicin point to a regime where development of drug tolerance may be addressed. Our findings explore one probable way of overcoming drug tolerance through application of vitexin in addressing the issue ofS. aureusbiofilm through modulation of cell surface hydrophobicity.

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