scholarly journals Vitexin altersStaphylococcus aureussurface hydrophobicity to interfere with biofilm formation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manash C. Das ◽  
Antu Das ◽  
Sourabh Samaddar ◽  
Akshay Vishnu Daware ◽  
Chinmoy Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Drug Tolerance ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Mouse Tissue ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Bacterial Surface

AbstractBacterial surface hydrophobicity is one of the determinant biophysical parameters of bacterial aggregation for being networked to form biofilm. Phytoconstituents like vitexin have long been in use for their antibacterial effect. The present work is aimed to characterise the effect of vitexin onS. aureussurface hydrophobicity and corresponding aggregation to form biofilm. We have found that vitexin shows minimum inhibitory concentration at 252 μg/ml againstS. aureus.Vitexin reduces cell surface hydrophobicity and membrane permeability at sub-MIC dose of 126 μg/ml. Thein silicobinding analysis showed higher binding affinity of vitexin with surface proteins ofS. aureus.Down regulation ofdltA,icaAB and reduction in membrane potential under sub-MIC dose of vitexin, explains reducedS. aureussurface hydrophobicity. Vitexin has substantially reduced the intracellular adhesion of planktonic cells to form biofilm through interference of EPS formation, motility and subsequent execution of virulence. This was supported by the observation that vitexin down regulates the expression oficaAB andagrAC genes ofS. aureus.In addition, vitexin also found to potentiate antibiofilm activity of sub-MIC dose of gentamicin and azithromycin. Furthermore, CFU count, histological examination of mouse tissue and immunomodulatory study justifies thein vivoprotective effect of vitexin fromS. aureusbiofilm associated infection. Finally it can be inferred that, vitexin has the ability to modulateS. aureuscell surface hydrophobicity which can further interfere biofilm formation of the bacteria.ImportanceThere has been substantial information known about role of bacterial surface hydrophobicity during attachment of single planktonic bacterial cells to any surface and the subsequent development of mature biofilm. This study presents the effect of flavone phytoconstituent vitexin on modulation of cell surface hydrophobicity in reducing formation of biofilm. Our findings also highlight the ability of vitexin in reducingin vivo S. aureusbiofilm which will eventually outcompete the correspondingin vitroantibiofilm effect. Synergistic effect of vitexin on azithromycin and gentamicin point to a regime where development of drug tolerance may be addressed. Our findings explore one probable way of overcoming drug tolerance through application of vitexin in addressing the issue ofS. aureusbiofilm through modulation of cell surface hydrophobicity.

SubMICs of penicillin and erythromycin enhance biofilm formation and hydrophobicity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. R. Gomes ◽  
R. S. Peixoto ◽  
E. A. B. Barbosa ◽  
F. Napoleão ◽  
P. S. Sabbadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Bacterial Morphology

Subinhibitory concentrations (subMICs) of antibiotics may alter bacterial surface properties and change microbial physiology. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a subMIC (⅛ MIC) of penicillin (PEN) and erythromycin (ERY) on bacterial morphology, haemagglutinating activity, cell-surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and biofilm formation on glass and polystyrene surfaces, as well as the distribution of cell-surface acidic anionic residues of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains (HC01 tox − strain; CDC-E8392 and 241 tox + strains). All micro-organisms tested were susceptible to PEN and ERY. Growth in the presence of PEN induced bacterial filamentation, whereas subMIC of ERY caused cell-size reduction of strains 241 and CDC-E8392. Adherence to human erythrocytes was reduced after growth in the presence of ERY, while CSH was increased by a subMIC of both antibiotics in bacterial adherence to n-hexadecane assays. Conversely, antibiotic inhibition of biofilm formation was not observed. All strains enhanced biofilm formation on glass after treatment with ERY, while only strain 241 increased glass adherence after cultivation in the presence of PEN. Biofilm production on polystyrene surfaces was improved by ⅛ MIC of ERY. After growth in the presence of both antimicrobial agents, strains 241 and CDC-E8392 exhibited anionic surface charges with focal distribution. In conclusion, subMICs of PEN and ERY modified bacterial surface properties and enhanced not only biofilm formation but also cell-surface hydrophobicity. Antibiotic-induced biofilm formation may contribute to the inconsistent success of antimicrobial therapy for C. diphtheriae infections.

Antibiofilm and antivirulence effect of stilbenes on clinically relevant staphylococci

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Kašparová ◽  
Olga Maťátková
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Antibiotic Compounds

<p>Genus <em>Staphylococcus</em> comprises many greatly pathogenic species like <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>S. epidermidis</em> or <em>S. saprophyticus</em>. The great pathogenicity of stated species is often facilitated by their capability to form thick complex biofilms on various biotic or abiotic surfaces. Biofilm formation together with extracellular hydrolases or toxins represents important virulence factor, which increases persistence of staphylococci in host via enhancing their ability to evade host immune system and further promote the infection development. With an increased emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria including staphylococci the search for novel antibiotic compounds with antivirulence effect is sought. Such substances might be stilbenes, phenolic compounds isolated from various plants (<em>Vitis</em> spp., <em>Vaccinium</em> spp., <em>Pterocarpus</em> spp., <em>Pinus</em> spp.). They possess strong antioxidant activity and a wide spectrum of beneficial pharmacological effects (antitumor, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic). Apart from that, they also have great antimicrobial activity with a potent ability to enhance antibiotics action in combination.</p> <p>Presented work focused on resveratrol, pterostilbene (PTE) and pinosylvine and their effect on <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>S. epidermidis</em> biofilm formation. The effect of stilbene representatives on production of other virulence factors (proteases, phospholipases, haemolysins), cell surface hydrophobicity and morphology was also observed.</p> <p>PTE was found to be the most effective among studied stilbenes against <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>S. epidermidis</em> biofilm with minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBIC<sub>80</sub>) ranging from 40 to 130 mg/l. Its effect on mature staphylococcal biofilm eradication was even greater with 80% eradication rate achieved by 40-75 mg/l. PTE (49 mg/l) was found to have a potent combinatory antibiofilm activity with erythromycin or tetracycline (5 mg/l both) causing more than 80% inhibition in metabolic activity of biofilm cells. It was able to permeabilize cytoplasmic membrane, thus probably enabling antibiotic uptake by the cell. PTE also altered cell surface hydrophobicity and production of haemolysin.</p> <p>PTE might be the solution to increasing biofilm-related resistance problem and a promising candidate with antibiofilm and antivirulence potential for future antibiotic treatment of staphylococcal infections.</p> <p> </p> <p><em>This work was supported by the grant of Specific university research – grant No. A2_FPBT_2020_004.</em></p>

scholarly journals Quercetin inhibits virulence properties of Porphyromas gingivalis in periodontal disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyan He ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Zhongchen Song ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Haishuang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Virulence Properties

Abstract Porphyromonas gingivalis is a causative agent in the onset and progression of periodontal disease. This study aims to investigate the effects of quercetin, a natural plant product, on P. gingivalis virulence properties including gingipain, haemagglutinin and biofilm formation. Antimicrobial effects and morphological changes of quercetin on P. gingivalis were detected. The effects of quercetin on gingipains activities and hemolytic, hemagglutination activities were evaluated using chromogenic peptides and sheep erythrocytes. The biofilm biomass and metabolism with different concentrations of quercetin were assessed by the crystal violet and MTT assay. The structures and thickness of the biofilms were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Bacterial cell surface properties including cell surface hydrophobicity and aggregation were also evaluated. The mRNA expression of virulence and iron/heme utilization was assessed using real time-PCR. Quercetin exhibited antimicrobial effects and damaged the cell structure. Quercetin can inhibit gingipains, hemolytic, hemagglutination activities and biofilm formation at sub-MIC concentrations. Molecular docking analysis further indicated that quercetin can interact with gingipains. The biofilm became sparser and thinner after quercetin treatment. Quercetin also modulate cell surface hydrophobicity and aggregation. Expression of the genes tested was down-regulated in the presence of quercetin. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that quercetin inhibited various virulence factors of P. gingivalis.

scholarly journals Effect of Eugenol on Cell Surface Hydrophobicity, Adhesion, and Biofilm ofCandida tropicalisandCandida dubliniensisIsolated from Oral Cavity of HIV-Infected Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suelen Balero de Paula ◽  
Thais Fernanda Bartelli ◽  
Vanessa Di Raimo ◽  
Jussevania Pereira Santos ◽  
Alexandre Tadachi Morey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Hydrophobic Behavior ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Substrate Surfaces ◽  
Sessile Cells

MostCandidaspp. infections are associated with biofilm formation on host surfaces. Cells within these communities display a phenotype resistant to antimicrobials and host defenses, so biofilm-associated infections are difficult to treat, representing a source of reinfections. The present study evaluated the effect of eugenol on the adherence properties and biofilm formation capacity ofCandida dubliniensisandCandida tropicalisisolated from the oral cavity of HIV-infected patients. All isolates were able to form biofilms on different substrate surfaces. Eugenol showed inhibitory activity against planktonic and sessile cells ofCandidaspp. No metabolic activity in biofilm was detected after 24 h of treatment. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that eugenol drastically reduced the number of sessile cells on denture material surfaces. MostCandidaspecies showed hydrophobic behavior and a significant difference in cell surface hydrophobicity was observed after exposure of planktonic cells to eugenol for 1 h. Eugenol also caused a significant reduction in adhesion of mostCandidaspp. to HEp-2 cells and to polystyrene. These findings corroborate the effectiveness of eugenol againstCandidaspecies other thanC. albicans, reinforcing its potential as an antifungal applied to limit both the growth of planktonic cells and biofilm formation on different surfaces.

scholarly journals Factors associated with adherence to and biofilm formation on polystyrene byStenotrophomonas maltophilia: the role of cell surface hydrophobicity and motility

2008 ◽  
Vol 287 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Pompilio ◽  
Raffaele Piccolomini ◽  
Carla Picciani ◽  
Domenico D'Antonio ◽  
Vincenzo Savini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation and Cell Surface Properties among Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Strains of the Bacillus cereus Group

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (20) ◽  
pp. 6616-6618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Auger ◽  
Nalini Ramarao ◽  
Christine Faille ◽  
Agnès Fouet ◽  
Stéphane Aymerich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus Group ◽  
Cell Surface Properties ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Biofilm formation by 102 Bacillus cereus and B. thuringiensis strains was determined. Strains isolated from soil or involved in digestive tract infections were efficient biofilm formers, whereas strains isolated from other diseases were poor biofilm formers. Cell surface hydrophobicity, the presence of an S layer, and adhesion to epithelial cells were also examined.

Antibiofilm Activity of Crude Cell Free Extract from Bacillus subtilis S01 against E. coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. A. Sayem ◽  
A. J. M. T. Chowdhury ◽  
M. Z. Alam ◽  
P. K. Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Crude Extracts

Antibiofilm phenomenon has become a novel area of research for removing deleterious biofilm. In the present study, strains from different environmental sources were tested for screening antibiofilm compounds. Crude extracts from various microorganisms were evaluated for antibiofilm phenomenon through crystal violet assay and growth curve analysis. Characterization of antibiofilm compound was performed by pre-coating microtiter plate and Cell Surface Hydrophobicity experiment. Among the organisms, cell free extracts (5% v/v) from Bacillus subtilis S01 inhibited the development of E. coli PHL628 biofilm by 63%. The cell free extracts possessed no amylase activity and had no effect on the planktonic growth of biofilm forming bacteria. Moreover, no competition with quorum sensing analogues was found with the extract. Biofilm formation was more inhibited (76%) in the B. subtilis S01 extract pre-coated wells than uncoated wells (62%). However, no effect on preformed biofilm was observed with the extracts of B. subtilis S01. The extract also reduced the cell surface hydrophobicity (69%) of the biofilm forming bacteria. The present study indicated that the crude extracts of B. subtilis S01 from soil origin has anti-adherence properties towards biotic and abiotic surfaces and thus can be a potential candidate in preventing the development of biofilm.

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