Evaluation of a Fluid Versus a Powder Pepsin Formulation To Detect Trichinella spiralis Larvae in Meat Samples by a Digestion Technique

Pepsin powder constitutes a health risk, potentially causing severe allergic reactions to those handling the chemical. A fluid pepsin formulation was produced and tested, first in a preliminary study and then in a ring trial encompassing four European National Reference Laboratories (NRLs). The purpose of each trial was to ascertain and compare the action of pepsin powder with that of the pepsin fluid for digesting meat and liberating encapsulated Trichinella spiralis larvae for subsequent counting. The quality of digestion was furthermore evaluated by assessing the visibility through the digestion fluid and the amount of debris remaining after digestion. For the ring trial, at each laboratory 20 blinded replicate 100-g samples of pork meat containing a known number of encapsulated T. spiralis larvae (0 to 30) were digested by the magnetic stirrer method using either the standard pepsin powder (10 samples) or the pepsin fluid (10 samples). With an average recovery rate of 70 to 80%, all NRLs found the pepsin fluid and pepsin powder to be equally effective. The NRLs also found no difference between the two pepsin formulations with regard to debris remnants or visibility through the digestion fluid. The use of pepsin fluid may therefore constitute an improvement of the digestion procedure for the analysts involved.

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Use of Proficiency Samples To Assess Diagnostic Laboratories in France Performing a Trichinella Digestion Assay

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-70.7.1685 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 70 (7) ◽

pp. 1685-1690 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

ISABELLE VALLÉE ◽

PAULINE MACÉ ◽

LORRY FORBES ◽

BRAD SCANDRETT ◽

BENOIT DURAND ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

Reference Laboratory ◽

Test Sensitivity ◽

National Reference ◽

Large Samples ◽

Routine Diagnosis ◽

Muscle Larvae ◽

Artificial Digestion ◽

Meat Samples ◽

Subsequent Identification

Routine diagnosis of animal trichinellosis for food safety and trade relies on a method of artificial digestion to free Trichinella muscle larvae from meat for subsequent identification by microscopy. As part of a quality control system, the French National Reference Laboratory (NRL) initiated ring trials to determine the sensitivity of the test performed in the 72 routine diagnostic laboratories in France. A method was devised to obtain calibrated meat samples containing known numbers of capsules with Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. This method was based on an incomplete artificial digestion of Trichinella-infected mice carcasses to allow the collection of intact Trichinella capsules. Capsules were placed into a meatball of 100 ± 2 g of pork and horsemeat to produce proficiency samples. Three categories of samples were prepared: small (3 to 5 capsules), medium (7 to 10), and large (12 to 15). The sensitivity was expressed as the percentage of muscle larvae recovered from each proficiency sample. Reproducibility was tested with ring trials organized between two NRLs (France and Canada), and a reference sensitivity of 84.9% was established. National ring trials were then organized in France, with the 72 routine diagnostic laboratories each receiving four proficiency samples per session. After five sessions, an improvement in the digest test sensitivity was observed. Results at the fifth session indicated sensitivities of 78.60% ± 23.70%, 81.19% ± 19.59%, and 80.52% ± 14.71% muscle larvae for small, medium, and large samples, respectively. This study supports the use of proficiency samples to accurately evaluate the performance of routine diagnostic laboratories that conduct digestion tests for animal trichinellosis diagnosis.

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Ring trial among National Reference Laboratories for parasites to detect Trichinella spiralis larvae in pork samples according to the EU directive 2075/2005

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.10.047 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 159 (3-4) ◽

pp. 337-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gianluca Marucci ◽

Patrizio Pezzotti ◽

Edoardo Pozio

Keyword(s):

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

National Reference ◽

Eu Directive ◽

Ring Trial ◽

Pork Samples ◽

The Eu

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First Serbian external quality assessment to detect Trichinella larvae in meat by the Magnetic Stirrer Method

Veterinarski glasnik ◽

10.2298/vetgl181220006v ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 168-177

Author(s):

Sasa Vasilev ◽

Natasa Ilic ◽

Ljiljana Sofronic-Milosavljevic

Keyword(s):

Quality Assessment ◽

External Quality Assessment ◽

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

National Level ◽

Reference Laboratory ◽

National Reference Laboratory ◽

External Quality ◽

National Reference ◽

Magnetic Stirrer

Introduction. Inter-laboratory comparative testing must be conducted under the direction of the National Reference Laboratory for Trichinella in each Member State of the EU with the aim to ensure the quality of the approved digestion method and to evaluate the competence of laboratories in Trichinella detection. For the first time in Serbia, the National Reference Laboratory for Trichinellosis (NRLT INEP) organized such external quality assessment (EQA) for the detection of Trichinella larvae in meat by the Magnetic Stirrer Method (MSM). The aim of this study was to enable laboratories interested to take part in the EQA and to assess the quality of their MSM performance. Materials and Methods. The EQA was organized by NRLT INEP according to ISO/IEC 17043:2010. The EQA test panel, which was sent to eight laboratories within Veterinary Institutes, consisted of three 100?5 g minced pork meat balls with identical numbers of larvae. Two meat balls were spiked with five viable Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae (L1), and one meat ball was not spiked. Results and Conclusions. Evaluation made on the basis of qualitative results showed that 100% of participants successfully completed the testing. Quantitative evaluation showed that, on average, only 60% of Trichinella larvae were detected among all participants. The main importance of this study is that it enabled laboratories across the country to be compared. This should be efficient stimulus for improvement of analytical performance over time. Therefore, it will be of value if the participants and other official laboratories in Serbia take part annually in EQAs organized at national level. The results obtained in this study could provide useful information to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, Veterinary Directorate and be of importance for promoting the one health concept in the country as a whole.

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The experience of using a diode laser in the herpes labial treatment

Periodontology ◽

10.33925/1683-3759-2020-25-1-43-46 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 43-46

Author(s):

S. L. Blashkova ◽

E. V. Krikun ◽

Yu. V. Fazylova ◽

Yu. V. Blashkova

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Allergic Reactions ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Dental Diseases ◽

Simplex Virus

Relevance. The relevance of the problem is in the high prevalence of the herpes simplex virus. According to WHO, nearly 90% of the population are carriers. Relapses can occur several times a year, which leads to disability and impairs the quality of life. Currently, there are a large number of drugs for general and local treatment. However, they are toxic and can cause allergic reactions. In recent years, a large number of studies have been devoted to the use of lasers in the treatment of dental diseases. Therefore, the question of the use of a laser in the treatment of herpetic lesions of the oral cavity remains relevant.Purpose. The research purpose was to determine the effectiveness of the use of a diode laser in the treatment of herpetic lesions of the lips.Materials and methods. We conducted a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the use of a diode laser in monotherapy of herpetic lip lesions in 18 patients. The comparison group consisted of 18 patients, in the local treatment of which antiviral ointments were used.Results. The results of the study showed that the use of a diode laser can reduce treatment time, accelerate the epithelization of foci.Conclusion. The results of our study allow us to recommend the use of a diode laser in the complex treatment of herpetic lesions of the oral cavity.

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QUALITY OF BOTTLED DRINKING WATER IN MUSCAT REGION, OMAN - A PRELIMINARY STUDY

10.21506/j.ponte.2019.11.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (11) ◽

Author(s):

R.D. Senthil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Bottled Drinking Water ◽

Preliminary Study

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Quality of beef diaphragm meat in naturally occurring Sarcocystic infection in cattle

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/89/2017-cjfs ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 378-385

Author(s):

Vytautas Januskevicius ◽

Grazina Januskeviciene ◽

Gintare Zaborskiene

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

E Coli ◽

Noticeable Increase ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Infected Meat ◽

Technological Quality ◽

Meat Samples

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible harmful effect of Sarcocystis parasites on bovine diaphragm meat quality. Meat samples were collected from 120 bulls aged 20–24 months. Meat quality was investigated using microbiological and physico-chemical (RP-HPLC, GC) methods 48 hours after slaughter. Sarcocystis infection was associated with increased fat content, lightness L* and drip loss, and decreased ash and protein percentages. Infection also had a significant effect on the amount of amino acids (AAs), which slowly decreased as the number of sarcocysts increased. The total amount of AAs correlated with glutamic acid content (R = 0.966, P < 0.05). Heavily infected samples contained significantly lower amounts of putrescine, histamine, spermine and spermidine (P < 0.05) and<br /> a noticeable increase in the total count of aerobic microorganisms, but no change in the numbers of E. coli and coliform bacteria in comparison with no infected samples. Sarcocysts in beef diaphragms did not cause serious changes in the technological quality of the meat, but the biological quality of infected meat was reduced.

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Physical Characteristics and Microbial Quality of Ostrich Meat in Relation to the Type of Packaging and Refrigerator Storage Time

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26113445 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3445

Author(s):

Olaf K. Horbańczuk ◽

Artur Jóźwik ◽

Jarosław Wyrwisz ◽

Joanna Marchewka ◽

Agnieszka Wierzbicka

Keyword(s):

Storage Time ◽

Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽

Physical Characteristics ◽

Modified Atmosphere ◽

Packaging System ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Viable Bacteria ◽

L Value ◽

Meat Samples

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the packaging system type on the physical characteristics and microbial changes in ostrich meat during refrigerated storage. The applied packaging systems were vacuum packaging (VP) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) using two combinations of gases: MAP1 (40% O2/40% CO2/20% N2) and MAP2 (60% O2/30% CO2/10% N2). Eight meat samples were obtained in three replicates for all parameters, except for pH, for which six replicates were obtained from the M. ilifibularis (IF) muscle, and were stored in a refrigerator at 2 °C and analyzed at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 days for the effect of packaging methods on physical meat quality. The initial pH (5.99) decreased at the end of the storage time for MAP1 to 5.81, whereas VP was stable from day 0 to 12 and increased up to 6.08 on day 16. Regarding meat color, the L* value increased during storage for MAP1 and MAP2 from 36.99 to 40.75 and 41.60, respectively, whereas it declined for VP to 34.22. The same tendencies were reported for redness (a*) and yellowness (b*). Drip loss was the lowest in MAP1 and highest in VP. The lowest total viable bacteria counts were identified in VP, as compared to MAP1 and MAP2.

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MoRoNet a network to strengthen the quality of measles and rubella surveillance in Italy

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1336 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

F Magurano ◽

M Baggieri ◽

P Bucci ◽

E D'Ugo ◽

M Sabbatucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Surveillance ◽

Specific Work ◽

Vaccine Preventable Disease ◽

Work Plan ◽

Preventable Disease ◽

National Reference ◽

Disease Elimination ◽

National Networks ◽

Country Specific

Abstract Background Measles is a vaccine-preventable infectious disease and it remains one of the leading causes of infant mortality globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) has adopted the goal of eliminating measles and rubella. Detection and control of communicable diseases would not be possible without accurate laboratory results regarding when and where a particular disease circulates. Methods WHO/Europe therefore works with all Member States to steadily improve the quality of the laboratory data in order to determine the Region's progress towards measles and rubella elimination. For this purpose coordinates the European Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network (MR LabNet). National labs in this network undergoes regular external quality assessment through an annual accreditation programme. Results In Italy, a Sub-national Reference Laboratories Network for measles and rubella (MoRoNET) has been developed since March 2017 and currently includes 15 laboratories. MoRoNet was developed following the indications of the MR LabNet. It is accreditate, coordinated and supervised by the National Reference Laboratory. Conclusions Strengthening the role of national laboratories in overseeing the performance of subnational laboratories has become a critical need in order to properly monitor the Region's measles and rubella elimination efforts. MoRoNet permits to Italy to develop a country-specific work plan for establishing national networks and oversight mechanism, including preliminary monitoring and evaluation indicators compliant with MR LabNet standards. This is very significant not only to optimize the participation in national and regional processes to verify disease elimination, but also to strengthen the quality of vaccine-preventable disease surveillance. MoRoNet Group: A Amendola; F Baldanti; MR Capobianchi; M Chironna; MG Cusi; P D'Agaro; P Lanzafame; T Lazzarotto; K Marinelli; A Orsi; E Pagani; G Palù; F Pittaluga, A Sacchi; F Tramuto. Key messages MoRoNet has permitted to Italy to develop a country-specific work plan for establishing national networks and oversight mechanism, compliant with WHO MR LabNet standards. MoRoNet network has permitted to optimize the participation in processes to verify disease elimination, but also to strengthen the quality of vaccine-preventable disease surveillance.

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Impact of a Smart-Ring-Based Feedback System on the Quality of Chest Compressions in Adult Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Preliminary Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105408 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5408

Author(s):

Chiwon Ahn ◽

Seungjae Lee ◽

Jongshill Lee ◽

Jaehoon Oh ◽

Yeongtak Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Outcome ◽

Feedback System ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Feedback Group ◽

Compression Depth ◽

System Usability Scale ◽

The Mean ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

The Ideal

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a novel chest compression (CC) smart-ring-based feedback system in a manikin simulation. In this randomized, crossover, controlled study, we evaluated the effect of smart-ring CC feedback on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The learnability and usability of the tool were evaluated with the System Usability Scale (SUS). Participants were divided into two groups and each performed CCs with and without feedback 2 weeks apart, using different orders. The primary outcome was compression depth; the proportion of accurate-depth (5–6 cm) CCs, CC rate, and the proportion of complete CCs (≤1 cm of residual leaning) were assessed additionally. The feedback group and the non-feedback group showed significant differences in compression depth (52.1 (46.3–54.8) vs. 47.1 (40.5–49.9) mm, p = 0.021). The proportion of accurate-depth CCs was significantly higher in the interventional than in the control condition (88.7 (30.0–99.1) vs. 22.6 (0.0–58.5%), p = 0.033). The mean SUS score was 83.9 ± 8.7 points. The acceptability ranges were ‘acceptable’, and the adjective rating was ‘excellent’. CCs with smart-ring feedback could help achieve the ideal range of depth during CPR. The smart-ring may be a valuable source of CPR feedback.

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