scholarly journals Consumption of high-risk foods in the Canadian population, Foodbook study 2014-2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Tooby ◽  
Vanessa Morton ◽  
Andrea Nesbitt ◽  
Nadia Ciampa ◽  
M. Kate Thomas
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Food Behaviors ◽  
Region Of Residence

Many foods have the potential to cause foodborne illness, however some pose a higher risk. Data were collected through the Foodbook study, a population-based telephone survey conducted between 2014 and 2015 that assessed 10,942 Canadians’ food exposures using a seven-day recall period. Nineteen foods included in the survey were identified as high-risk for common foodborne pathogens in Canada. Results were analyzed by age group, gender, region of residence, income, and education. Consumption proportions of high-risk foods ranged from 0.4% (raw oysters) to 49.3% (deli-meats). Roughly 94% of the population reported consuming one or more high-risk food in the past week. Certain high-risk food behaviors were associated with demographic characteristics. High-risk adults such as those 65 or older still report consuming high-risk foods of concern, including deli-meats (41.8%), soft cheeses (13.7%) and smoked fish (6.3%). Consumption of certain foods differed between genders, with males consuming significantly more deli-meats, hot dogs and raw/undercooked eggs, and females consuming significantly more pre-bagged mixed salad greens. The overall number of high-risk foods consumed was similar, with both genders most frequently consuming 3-5 high-risk foods. High-risk food consumption was seen to increase with increasing household income, with 14.2% of the highest income level consuming 6+ high-risk foods in the past week, compared to 7.1% of the lowest income level. If a respondent had heard of a risk of foodborne illness associated with a food, it did not impact whether it was consumed. Additional consumer food safety efforts put in place alongside current messaging may improve high-risk food consumption behaviors. Enhancing current messaging by using multi-faceted communications (e.g. social media and information pamphlets) and highlighting the large incidence and severity of foodborne illnesses in Canada are important strategies to improve behavior change.

Socio-demographic variations in lung cancer screening before and after USPSTF recommendation: Results from national health interview surveys (NHIS).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1563-1563
Author(s):  
Qian Wang ◽  
Changchuan Jiang ◽  
Lei Deng ◽  
Yaning Zhang ◽  
Gabriel Albert Sara
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Screening Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Before And After

1563 Background: In 2013, USPSTF recommended low-dose CT screening (LCS) for lung cancer in high-risk adults. The change in real-world practice is largely unknown, as well as the association with socio-demographic factors. Methods: Data were extracted from the population-based 2010 and 2015 NHIS. LCS was defined as a chest CT to check for lung cancer within the past year. We included adults aged 55 to 80 years who 1) have 30+ pack-year smoking history; 2) are currently smokers or have quitted within the past 15 years. We excluded adults who 1) have lung cancer; 2) had not seen a physician in the past year. We used weighted analyses to estimate national lung cancer screening rates. Results: A total of 874 and 1041 high-risk smokers responded to the LCS questions for lung cancer in 2010 and 2015, respectively. The screening rate more than doubled from 4.1% to 9.1% (P < 0.01) in all respondents. The increase was greater in women (2.9% to 9.5%, p < 0.01) than men (5.2% to 8.8%, p = 0.03) and in age 65-80 (4.7% to 12.3%, p < 0.01) than age 55-64 (3.8% to 6.3%, p = 0.16). White saw the largest increase and highest rate in 2015 (4.0% to 9.3%, p = < 0.01). Those with some college or above education had the highest rate in 2010, but the lowest in 2015. Household income above 75,000 dollars was associated with the lowest rate in both 2010 and 2015. Conclusions: Since the recommendation of USPSTF, LCS rate for lung cancer has doubled but remains less than 10%. Higher education and household income are associated with lower screening rate, in contrast to studies of other cancers. [Table: see text]

Lessons learned from the psychosis high-risk state: towards a general staging model of prodromal intervention

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fusar-Poli ◽  
A. R. Yung ◽  
P. McGorry ◽  
J. van Os
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Relative Resistance ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
The Past ◽  
Staging Model ◽  
Severe Psychopathology

BackgroundThe past two decades have seen exponential clinical and research interest in help-seeking individuals presenting with potentially prodromal symptoms for psychosis. However, the epidemiological validity of this paradigm has been neglected, limiting future advancements in the field.MethodWe undertook a critical review of core epidemiological issues underlying the clinical high-risk (HR) state for psychosis and which model of prodromal intervention is best suited for mental health.ResultsThe HR state for psychosis model needs refining, to bring together population-based findings of high levels of psychotic experiences (PEs) and clinical expression of risk. Traditionally, outcome has been attributed to ‘HR criteria’ alone rather than taking into account sampling strategies. Furthermore, the exclusive focus on variably defined ‘transition’ obscures true variation in the slow and non-linear progression across stages of psychopathology. Finally, the outcome from HR states is variable, indicating that the underlying paradigm of ‘schizophrenia light progressing to schizophrenia’ is inadequate.ConclusionsIn the general population, mixed and non-specific expression of psychosis, depression, anxiety and subthreshold mania is common and mostly transitory. When combined with distress, it may be considered as the first, diagnostically neutral stage of potentially more severe psychopathology, which only later may acquire a degree of diagnostic specificity and possible relative resistance to treatment. Therefore, rather than creating silos of per-disorder ultra-HR syndromes, an early intervention focus on the broad syndrome of early mental distress, requiring phase-specific interventions, may be more profitable.

scholarly journals Cross-Contamination on Atypical Surfaces and Venues in Food Service Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Goulter ◽  
Margaret Kirchner ◽  
Benjamin Chapman ◽  
James S. Clayton ◽  
Lee-Ann Jaykus
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
The Past ◽  
Food Contact Surfaces ◽  
Contact Surfaces ◽  
To Come ◽  
Service Environments

Cross-contamination of raw food to other surfaces, hands, and foods is a serious issue in foodservice.  With individuals eating more meals away from home, contracting a foodborne illness from a food service establishment is an increasing concern.  However, most studies have concentrated on hands or food contact surfaces and neglected atypical and unusual surfaces (surfaces that are not typically identified as a source of cross-contamination) and venues.  This review seeks to identify atypically cross-contaminated surfaces and atypical venues where cross-contamination could occur that have not been examined thoroughly in the literature.  Most surfaces that could be at risk for cross-contamination are frequently touched, rarely cleaned and sanitized, and can support the persistence and/or growth of foodborne pathogens.  These surfaces include, menus, spice and condiment containers, aprons and coveralls, mobile devices and tablets, and currency, among others.  Venues that are explored, temporary events, mobile vendors, and markets, are usually limited in space or infrastructure, have low compliance to proper handwashing, and provide the opportunity for raw and RTE foods to come into contact with one another. These factors all create an environment where cross-contamination can occur and potentially impact food safety.  A more comprehensive cleaning sanitizing regime encompassing these surfaces and venues could potentially help mitigate the cross-contamination described here.  This review highlights key surfaces and venues that have the potential to be cross-contaminated that have been underestimated in the past or are not fully explored in the literature.  These knowledge gaps demonstrate where further work is need to fully understand the role of these surfaces and venues in cross-contamination and how it can be prevented in the future.

scholarly journals Comparison of One versus Two Fecal Immunochemical Tests in the Detection of Colorectal Neoplasia in a Population-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Moosavi ◽  
Robert Enns ◽  
Laura Gentile ◽  
Lovedeep Gondara ◽  
Colleen McGahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Cancer Screening Program ◽  
Canadian Population

Objective.To determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of two versus one abnormal FIT in the detection of colorectal neoplasia in a Canadian population.Methods.Three communities enrolled in a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening pilot program from 01/2009 to 04/2013 using 2 FITs. Data collected included demographics, colonoscopy, pathology, and FIT results. Participants completed both FITs and had one positive FIT and colonoscopy. PPV of one versus two abnormal FITs was calculated using a weighted-generalized score statistic. A two-sided 5% significance level was used.Results.1576 of 17,031 average-risk participants, 50–75 years old, had a positive FIT. Colonoscopy revealed 58 (3.7%) cancers, 419 (31.6%) high-risk polyps, and 374 (23.7%) low-risk polyps as the most significant lesion. PPV of one versus two positive FITs for cancer, high-risk polyps, and any neoplasia were 1% versus 8%, 20% versus 40%, and 48% versus 67%, respectively (pvalue < 0.0001). When the first FIT was negative, the second positive FIT detected 7 CRCs and 98 high-risk polyps.Conclusions.PPV of two positive FITs is superior to one positive FIT for CRC and high-risk polyps. The added value of the second FIT was 12% of total CRCs and 23% of total high-risk polyps.

Factors influencing volatile organic compounds in Canadian homes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2092622
Author(s):  
Sabit Cakmak ◽  
Lisa Marie Kauri ◽  
Julie Andrade ◽  
Robert Dales
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Indoor Sources ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Building Characteristics ◽  
Compound Exposure ◽  
Alkyl Benzenes

Volatile organic compounds, several of which may impact health, have many possible indoor sources. To further investigate this, we tested the association between indoor concentrations of 47 passively collected volatile organic compounds and both home characteristics and occupant behaviours in a Canadian population-based sample of 3454 participants. Homes with smokers were excluded from analysis. Homes with a door connecting to an attached garage had greater concentrations of hexanal, benzaldehyde, all the measured alkyl benzenes and ketones, most of the simple hydrocarbons and terpenes. Major home renovations within the past month were associated with higher concentrations of most or all of the volatile organic compounds in the categories of alcohols, alkyl benzenes, ketones, simple hydrocarbons and terpenes. Using paints and stains within the past week were associated with an increase in concentrations of the majority of alcohols, alkyl benzenes and simple hydrocarbons. Several building characteristics and occupant’s behaviours appear to increase exposure to volatile organic compounds. Modification of these factors is generally under the control of the occupant(s), suggesting that education could result in reduced indoor volatile organic compound exposure in the Canadian population.

1610: High-Risk Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy Today are Less High-Risk than in the Past

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 436-436
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Kane ◽  
Martha K. Terris ◽  
William J. Aronson ◽  
Joseph C. Presti ◽  
Christopher L. Amling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
Risk Patients

The past, present and future of food consumption databases

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (43) ◽  
pp. 1692-1700
Author(s):  
Viktória Szűcs ◽  
Erzsébet Szabó ◽  
Diána Bánáti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
The Eu

Results of the food consumption surveys are utilized in many areas, such as for example risk assessment, cognition of consumer trends, health education and planning of prevention projects. Standardization of national consumption data for international comparison is an important task. The intention work began in the 1970s. Because of the widespread utilization of food consumption data, many international projects have been done with the aim of their harmonization. The present study shows data collection methods for groups of the food consumption data, their utilization, furthermore, the stations of the international harmonization works in details. The authors underline that for the application of the food consumption data on the international level, it is crucial to harmonize the surveys’ parameters (e.g. time of data collection, method, number of participants, number of the analysed days and the age groups). For this purpose the efforts of the EU menu project, started in 2012, are promising. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1692–1700.

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