Levels of Analysis and Strategies for Understanding: Vertical Divisions in Problem Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
Allan W. Lerner
Keyword(s):  
Levels Of Analysis

The Puzzle of Precarity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Vallas
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Organizational Fields ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Neoliberal Capitalism ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Shed Light

Social scientific efforts to understand the political and economic forces generating precarious employment have been mired in uncertainty. In this context, the Doellgast–Lillie–Pulignano (D–L–P) model represents an important step forward in both theoretical and empirical terms. This concluding chapter scrutinizes the authors’ theoretical model and assesses the present volume’s empirical applications of it. Building on the strengths of the D–L–P model, the chapter identifies several lines of analysis that can fruitfully extend our understanding of the dynamics of precarization, whether at the micro-, meso-, or macro-social levels of analysis. Especially needed are studies that explore the dynamics of organizational fields as these shape employer strategy and state policy towards employment. Such analysis will hopefully shed light on the perils and possibilities that workers’ organizations face as they struggle to cope with the demands of neoliberal capitalism.

The Oxford Handbook of Emotion Dysregulation

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Unified Protocol

Emotion dysregulation—which is often defined as the inability to modulate strong affective states including impulsivity, anger, fear, sadness, and anxiety—is observed in nearly all psychiatric disorders. These include internalizing disorders such as panic disorder and major depression, externalizing disorders such as conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder, and various other disorders including schizophrenia, autism, and borderline personality disorder. Among many affected individuals, precursors to emotion dysregulation appear early in development, and often predate the emergence of diagnosable psychopathology. Collaborative work by Drs. Crowell and Beauchaine, and work by many others, suggests that emotion dysregulation arises from both familial (coercion, invalidation, abuse, neglect) and extrafamilial (deviant peer group affiliations, social reinforcement) mechanisms. These studies point toward strategies for prevention and intervention. The Oxford Handbook of Emotion Dysregulation brings together experts whose work cuts across levels of analysis, including neurobiological, cognitive, and social, in studying emotion dysregulation. Contributing authors describe how early environmental risk exposures shape emotion dysregulation, how emotion dysregulation manifests in various forms of mental illness, and how emotion dysregulation is most effectively assessed and treated. This is the first text to assemble a highly accomplished group of authors to address conceptual issues in emotion dysregulation research; define the emotion dysregulation construct at levels of cognition, behavior, and social dynamics; describe cutting-edge assessment techniques at neural, psychophysiological, and behavioral levels of analysis; and present contemporary treatment strategies. Conceptualizing emotion dysregulation as a core vulnerability to psychopathology is consistent with modern transdiagnostic approaches to diagnosis and treatment, including the Research Domain Criteria and the Unified Protocol, respectively.

scholarly journals Theory Before the Test: How to Build High-Verisimilitude Explanatory Theories in Psychological Science

2021 ◽  
pp. 174569162097060
Author(s):  
Iris van Rooij ◽  
Giosuè Baggio
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Psychological Explanation ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Psychological Capacities ◽  
Theoretical Analyses

Drawing on the philosophy of psychological explanation, we suggest that psychological science, by focusing on effects, may lose sight of its primary explananda: psychological capacities. We revisit Marr’s levels-of-analysis framework, which has been remarkably productive and useful for cognitive psychological explanation. We discuss ways in which Marr’s framework may be extended to other areas of psychology, such as social, developmental, and evolutionary psychology, bringing new benefits to these fields. We then show how theoretical analyses can endow a theory with minimal plausibility even before contact with empirical data: We call this the theoretical cycle. Finally, we explain how our proposal may contribute to addressing critical issues in psychological science, including how to leverage effects to understand capacities better.

scholarly journals An fMRI investigation of the relations between Extraversion, internalizing psychopathology, and neural activation following reward receipt in the Human Connectome Project sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtland S. Hyatt ◽  
Emily S. Hallowell ◽  
Max M. Owens ◽  
Brandon M. Weiss ◽  
Lawrence H. Sweet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Human Connectome Project

Abstract Quantitative models of psychopathology (i.e., HiTOP) propose that personality and psychopathology are intertwined, such that the various processes that characterize personality traits may be useful in describing and predicting manifestations of psychopathology. In the current study, we used data from the Human Connectome Project (N = 1050) to investigate neural activation following receipt of a reward during an fMRI task as one shared mechanism that may be related to the personality trait Extraversion (specifically its sub-component Agentic Extraversion) and internalizing psychopathology. We also conducted exploratory analyses on the links between neural activation following reward receipt and the other Five-Factor Model personality traits, as well as separate analyses by gender. No significant relations (p < .005) were observed between any personality trait or index of psychopathology and neural activation following reward receipt, and most effect sizes were null to very small in nature (i.e., r < |.05|). We conclude by discussing the appropriate interpretation of these null findings, and provide suggestions for future research that spans psychological and neurobiological levels of analysis.

scholarly journals Platonic metaphysics and the ontology of international relations: a sketch

2021 ◽  
pp. 004711782110214
Author(s):  
King-Ho Leung
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
World Order ◽  
Social World ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ir Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Individual

This article offers a reading of Plato in light of the recent debates concerning the unique ‘ontology’ of International Relations (IR) as an academic discipline. In particular, this article suggests that Plato’s metaphysical account of the integral connection between human individual, the domestic state and world order can offer IR an alternative outlook to the ‘political scientific’ schema of ‘levels of analysis’. This article argues that Plato’s metaphysical conception of world order can not only provide IR theory with a way to re-imagine the relation between the human, the state and world order. Moreover, Plato’s outlook can highlight or even call into question the post-metaphysical presuppositions of contemporary IR theory in its ‘borrowed ontology’ from modern social science, which can in turn facilitate IR’s re-interpretation of its own ‘ontology’ as well as its distinct contributions to the understanding of the various aspects of the social world and human life.

Microbrook, Mesobrook, Macrobrook

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Jilke ◽  
Asmus Leth Olsen ◽  
William Resh ◽  
Saba Siddiki
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Explicit Characterization ◽  
Methodological Perspective ◽  
Level Of Analysis ◽  
Effective Problem

Abstract This article assesses the field of public administration from a conceptual and methodological perspective. We urge public administration scholars to resolve the ambiguities that mire our scholarship due to the inadequate treatment of levels of analysis in our research. Overall, we encourage methodological accountability through a more explicit characterization of one’s research by the level of analysis to which it relates. We argue that this particular form of accountability is critical for effective problem solving for advancing theory and practice.

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