Community-Oriented Policing and Problem Solving—Improving Neighborhood Quality of LifeAbstract

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-79
Author(s):  
Larry S. Miller ◽  
Harry W. More ◽  
Michael C. Braswell
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Neighborhood Quality ◽  
Community Oriented Policing

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Community Oriented Policing (COP) Mechanism: Partnership and Problem Solving. Case Study: Bandar Baru Sri Pinang, Pulau Pinang. Part 1: Literature Review & Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 4558-4564
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mujaheed Hassan ◽  
Aldrin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Community Oriented Policing ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Working Together

The community-oriented policing concept is essence of collaboration between the police force sand the community residents that identifies and solves problems. With the police is no longer the sole guardians of law and order, community and police become actives allies in the effort to enhance the safety and the quality of the neighborhood. Basically, community policing is not a program or a series of programs. It is a philosophy, a belief that by working together the police and the community can accomplish what neither can accomplish alone. It is involves a rethinking of the role of the police and a restructuring of the police force. However, according to Friedmann (1992), the major weakness of earlier community oriented policing programs is that the police agencies did not allow or support community involvement in various crime prevention efforts. The community seems like to imply a group of people with a common history and understandings and sense of themselves as “us” and outsider as “them”. The paper therefore offers an examination of the partnership component between police and community residents towards problem solving.

Neuroticism, problem-solving abilities, and family caregiver quality of life

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeta A. Ramkumar ◽  
Timothy R. Elliott ◽  
Carly E. McLaughlin ◽  
Dennis Zgaljardic ◽  
Norma Erosa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Caregiver Quality

The Implementation of Learning Materials Based on Local Wisdom of Agricultural in Binjai to Improve the Students Problem Solving Abilities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Tsalits Fahman Mughni
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Grade ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Teaching materials by integrating local culture makes easier for students to understand the subject matter in the learning process. The aims of the study is to measure the effectiveness of teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai in improving the students problem solving abilities. The research method was a quasi experimental which use non equivalent control group in the pretest posttest design. The sample of study were students of Senior High School grade X in Binjai that consisted of experiment group which used teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai and control group that used student handbooks. Teaching materials are tested by material experts and technology experts to ensure the quality of teaching materials. Data collection was conducted through test. The results showed that the teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai effective in improving students problem solving abilities in the experimental group students based on the results of N gain value was 0.67 which has medium criteria. It means teaching materials based on agricultural local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai can be used as one of the teaching materials in learning activities.

scholarly journals ANALISIS RESPON MAHASISWAPGSD DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL IPABERDASARKAN STRUCTURE OF OBSERVED LEARNING OUTCOME TAXONOMY DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI BELAJAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Motivation To Learn ◽  
Solo Taxonomy ◽  
High Category ◽  
Abstract Level

SOLO Taxonomy is one of the frameworks used in analyzing the quality of responses in problem solving. This research aim to analyze the student’s responses level in doing problem solving item based on SOLO Taxonomy overviewed from motivation to learn. The research method used in this study was a qualitative research with the data sources of this study were 75 students period 2016/2017. The results of the study showed that student’s responses in doing problem solving wave concept at prestructural level is 62,17%, Unistructural Level is 27,63%, Multistructural level is 58,22%, Relasional level is 48,50%, and Extended Abstract level is 37,82%; Motivation to learn’s student high category are better at responding to answer item based SOLO Taxonomy than motivation to learn’s students low category.Keywords: Student’s reponses; SOLO Taxonomy; Motivation to Learn

scholarly journals Penerapan teknik faded examples untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah materi pengayaan trigonometri SMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Hanifa Prahastami Pambayun ◽  
Endah Retnowati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Cognitive Load Theory ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Load Theory ◽  
Study Results

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan dan mendeskripsikan pengembangan bahan ajar pengayaan trigonometri SMA menggunakan teknik faded examples yang berkualitas untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Kualitas bahan ajar yang dikembangkan mencakup aspek kevalidan, keefektifan, dan kepraktisan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model Plomp yang mencakup tiga tahapan. (1) penelitian awal mencakup analisis kebutuhan dan analisis konteks, (2) pengembangan yang mencakup desain produk dan pembuatan produk, dan (3) evaluasi yang meliputi proses validasi dan proses implementasi. Proses pengembangan melibatkan dua ahli, satu orang guru dan 50 siswa (siswa kelas X pengayaan 1 dan X pengayaan 2) SMA IPA di Mataram. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahan ajar pengayaan berupa buku guru dan buku siswa yang dikembangkan dengan menerapkan teknik faded examples. Pada buku pengayaan terdapat paket faded examples dengan jenis backward dan forward fading dimana pada akhir paket, siswa diminta untuk membuat sendiri soal sesuai dengan materi yang sedang dipelajari. Teknik ini dikembangkan oleh teori desain pembelajaran bernama Cognitive Load Theory (CLT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar ini layak digunakan karena dinilai sangat baik secara isi dan penyajian oleh dosen validator, praktis oleh guru matematika dan praktis digunakan oleh siswa. Hasil ketuntasan belajar adalah sebanyak  100% siswa mencapai nilai minimal kemampuan pemecahan masalah. The application of faded examples techniques to improve student’s problem solving ability on trigonometry at high school level AbstractThis study was aimed to produce and describe the quality of the developed Trigonometric Senior High School Science Program Enrichment’s Instructional Materials using Faded-Examples Techniques to Improve Problem Solving Ability. The quality of the developed teaching materials include all aspects of validity, effectiveness, and practicality. This was a developmental research used three phases Plomp’s model which consists of: (1) preliminary studies which involved the needs and context analysis, (2) product design development, and (3) the evaluation process of product validation and implementation. The development process involves two experts as validator, one teacher, and 50 students (X pengayaan 1 and X pengayaan 2). The study results the trigonometric enrichment’s teaching materials which consists of the teacher’s textbook and the student’s textbook that was developed using the faded-examples technique. This technique based on The Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) instructional design. The results of the study showed that the quality of the developed trigonometric enrichment’s teaching materials is “very good” according to lecturer validation and “practical” according to the evaluation from the teachers and students. The results of the learning showed that 100% of the students passed the minimum grade criteria of problem solving skills.

scholarly journals The Value of Abstraction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K Ho ◽  
David Abel ◽  
Tom Griffiths ◽  
Michael L. Littman
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Abstract Representations ◽  
Learning Research ◽  
Crucial Ingredient ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Agents that can make better use of computation, experience, time, and memory can solve a greater range of problems more effectively. A crucial ingredient for managing such finite resources is intelligently chosen abstract representations. But, how do abstractions facilitate problem solving under limited resources? What makes an abstraction useful? To answer such questions, we review several trends in recent reinforcement-learning research that provide insight into how abstractions interact with learning and decision making. During learning, abstraction can guide exploration and generalization as well as facilitate efficient tradeoffs---e.g., time spent learning versus the quality of a solution. During computation, good abstractions provide simplified models for computation while also preserving relevant information about decision-theoretic quantities. These features of abstraction are not only key for scaling up artificial problem solving, but can also shed light on what pressures shape the use of abstract representations in humans and other organisms.

scholarly journals Student’s concept ability of Newton’s law based on verbal and visual test

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
N. D. Setyani ◽  
Cari Cari ◽  
Suparmi Suparmi ◽  
J. Handhika
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Physics Education ◽  
Visual Test ◽  
Conceptual Problem ◽  
Incorrect Answer ◽  
Newton's Law ◽  
Newton’S Law ◽  
Newton’S Laws

<p class="Abstract">Newton’s law is a foundamental concept that needs to be studied and understood correctly. Concept presentation in different representation will help the student to understand the concept that being learned. Student’s ability to present Newton’s law in different representation indicate the quality of student’s concept ability. This research aims to describe student’s concept ability of Newton’s laws based on the student’s ability of verbal and visual (pictorial and graphical) problem solving. The method of this research  is qualitative with the sample of 71 students of physics education from IKIP PGRI Madiun (14 students) and Sebelas Maret University (57 students). The instrument used in this research were conceptual test and  interview. The result showed that more student provide incorrect answer to the physics conceptual problem. Percentage of the incorrect answer for First Newton’s law problem is 69 %, Second Newton’s law problem is 71 %, and Third Newton’s law problem is 76 %. The  students do not understand the language of physics correctly, they undergo incorrect physics concept, and so they only understand few physics concept of Newton’s law.</p>

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