The Adult Attachment Interview: information processing and the distinguishing features of preoccupied attachment Or What has attachment theory ever done for us?

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-67
Author(s):  
Steve Farnfield
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Stephanie Green Lauridsen ◽  
Kathrine G. Nissen ◽  
Mette Skovgaard Væver

Hvordan håndterer vi negative emotioner, og hvordan påvirker det konflikter i nære relationer? Tilknytningsteorien er velegnet som en ramme til at beskrive og forstå, hvordan voksne håndterer emotioner og konflikter i parforholdet. Artiklen evaluerer på baggrund af en systematisk litteratursøgning den nyeste forskning, der er publiceret i perioden 2000 – 2015, og som undersøger sammenhængen mellem voksnes tilknytningsmønstre (AAI) og den måde, som voksne håndterer konflikter i parforholdsrelationen. Ti studier opfyldte inklusionskriterierne. Reviewet viste, at i ni ud af ti studier har tilknytningsmønsteret betydning for konfliktadfærden i parforholdet. Således at utrygt tilknyttede viser en mere negativ adfærd, såsom kritik og afvisninger, hvor trygt tilknyttede viser en mere positiv adfærd, såsom empati og åbenhed. Desuden vil utrygt tilknyttede vise en mindre effektiv omsorgsadfærd, da utrygt tilknyttede er mindre bevidste om partnerens følelser og intentioner, hvor trygt tilknyttede vil respondere sensitivt og nøjagtigt på partnerens behov. Med det lave antal af inkluderede studier taget i betragtning, så ses der en tendens til, at tilknytningsmønsteret hos voksne i 30’erne guider konfliktadfærden i parforholdet. Tilknytningsteorien og den empiriske forskning i konfliktadfærd giver sundhedsprofessionelle indsigt i emotionelle processer og kan være med til at svare på, hvorfor nogle par sammenlignet med andre bliver fanget i uhensigtsmæssige strategier i konflikter. Det er relevant for den videre forskning at undersøge, om tilknytningsteoriens hypoteser kan generaliseres på tværs af generationer. Emotions and conflicts in adult close relationships: A systematic review of the impact of adult attachment on conflict behavior. How do we deal with negative emotions, and how do they affect conflicts in close relationships? Attachment theory is a suitable framework to describe and understand how adults handle emotions and conflicts in their relationships. This article is based on a systematic literature search identifying recent research, i.e., published from 2000 till 2015, which examines attachment pattern with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), and the way couples manage conflicts in their romantic relationships. The review shows that in nine out of ten studies the attachment pattern guides the couples’ behaviour during conflicts in romantic relationships. Insecurely attached couples showed more negative behaviour, such as criticism and rejection, whereas securely attached couples showed a more positive behaviour, such as empathy and openness. Likewise, insecurely attached couples showed less effective caregiving behaviour, whereas securely attached couples responded sensitively and accurately to the needs of their partners. Bearing in mind the small number of included studies, it is seen that there is a tendency for the attachment pattern in adults in their thirties to guide their behavior during conflicts in their relationships. Attachment theory and empirical research on conflict behavior give health professionals insight into emotional processes, and can help answer why some couples become trapped in inappropriate strategies during conflicts. Though there is a noticeable trend, there is a need for further research, due to the small number of studies.


Author(s):  
Shoshana Ringel

This review summarizes contributions to attachment theory and research by John Bowlby, Mary Ainsworth, Mary Main, and many other researchers. It addresses contributions from the Adult Attachment Interview to the understanding of loss and trauma as well as the intergenerational transmission of attachment patterns from parent to child. The review describes current findings from infant research, and the implications of attachment theory to clinical interventions with children, families, adults, and couples.


2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinus H. van IJzendoorn ◽  
Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg

Is attachment in adulthood associated with gender, age, culture, or socioeconomic context? There is a widely held belief that males and younger individuals exhibit a more avoidant or dismissive stance toward attachment experiences, as would subjects from individualized, Western societies and from poorer socio-economic environments. Distributions of Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) classifications in various gender, cultural, socioeconomic, and age groups were compared with the normative distribution of North American non-clinical Caucasian mothers (23% dismissing, 58% secure, 19% preoccupied) through analysis of correspondence. Indeed, adolescent and student samples contained a higher proportion of dismissing attachment classifications than the normative group. No gender differences were found in the use of dismissing versus preoccupied attachment strategies in relatively affluent social environments, and the AAI distributions were largely independent of language and country of origin. Most strikingly, low SES adolescent mothers showed the strongest over-representation of dismissing attachments, which supports the life history theory prediction that in harsh environments individuals adopt a quantity-oriented reproductive strategy in tandem with a dismissing view of attachment.


2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Adenzato ◽  
Rita B. Ardito ◽  
Elena Izard

The literature has frequently shown how mothers of children with blindness tend to be highly directive and overprotective with their children. This study investigated whether this maternal interactive style can have negative consequences on the psychological development of persons with acquired blindness, or whether it can be considered functional and appropriate to these individuals' needs during childhood. This aim was pursued by adopting attachment theory as a conceptual reference and administering the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) to a sample of participants with early onset blindness. Results suggested that, as long as mothers are loving and are sensitive to their children's needs, their greater physical intervention and control of child exploration can play an important role in helping their severely sight-impaired children develop secure and well-balanced personalities.


2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffry A. Simpson ◽  
W. Steven Rholes

Adult attachment researchers have made important strides during the past 25 years in testing and applying attachment theory to multiple personal and interpersonal domains. We highlight some of the major milestones and then propose several directions for future research. Some of the most important and promising directions include testing additional normative processes implied by attachment theory, developing and testing critical connections between attachment theory and other major interpersonal theories, and identifying pathways between attachment processes and long-term health outcomes.


2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Jones-Mason ◽  
I. Elaine Allen ◽  
Steve Hamilton ◽  
Sandra J. Weiss

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