The association between attachment pattern and depression severity in Thai depressed patients

Objective We aimed to study attachment patterns and their association with depression severity in Thai depressed patients. Method We conducted a descriptive study of depressed participants at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from November 2013 to April 2014. The Thai Short Version of Revised Experience of Close Relationships Questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were administered to all participants. We assessed BDI-II scores, classified by attachment patterns, using one-way analyses of variance. The associated factors and predictors of depression severity were analysed by chi-square and logistic regression analyses, respectively. Results A total of 180 participants (75% female; mean age = 45.2 ± 14.3 years) were recruited. Dismissing attachment was the most common pattern in Thai depressed patients (36.1%). Depressed patients with preoccupied attachment demonstrated the highest BDI-II scores. The best predictor of moderate to severe depression severity was preoccupied/fearful attachment (odds ratio = 3.68; 95% confidence interval = 2.05–7.30). Conclusions Anxious attachment was found to be associated with higher depression severity. Preoccupied/fearful attachment was the predictor of moderate to severe depression severity.

Frequent Recurrence of Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma With Carcinoma In Situ in a Multifocal Attachment Pattern: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) is a benign tumor originating from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Sinonasal inverted papilloma is characterized by local infiltration, high recurrence, and malignant transformation, and its associated dysplasia ranges from mild, moderate, severe, carcinoma in situ (CIS) to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Sinonasal inverted papilloma with carcinoma in situ (IPwCIS) is the highest degree of dysplasia, which is a stage of malignant transformation of IP. Surgical excision and proper adjuvant therapy can help reduce recurrence rates and suppress further deterioration. In this study, we present a patient with IPwCIS who developed 3 recurrences with a multifocal attachment pattern in less than 18 months. We report the clinical manifestations, development, and treatment process in detail. We also performed a literature review to analyze the characteristics of the disease. Despite comprehensive treatment methods, tumor recurrence and further deterioration of IPwCIS persist.

A secure base

This attachment science fiction short story expresses a number of possible developments linked to both psychotherapy and planetary exploration. The technological possibilities indicated include interplanetary travel, terraforming, sexbots, and attachment pattern typing for social purposes. There is some attention paid to cloning, cults, the meaning of dreams, and cognitive enhancers.

Talking to Dogs: Companion Animal-Directed Speech in a Stress Test

Companion animal-directed speech (CADS) has previously been investigated in comparison to infant-directed speech and adult-directed speech. To investigate the influence of owner caregiving, attachment pattern, and personality on CADS, we used the Ainsworth strange situation procedure. It allowed us to assess voice source parameters of CADS across different contexts. We extracted speech parameters (voicing duration, voice pitch, pitch range, and jitter) from 53 dog owners recorded during the procedure. We found that owner personality and gender but not caregiving/attachment behavior affect their voice’s pitch, range, and jitter during CADS. Further, we found a differential and context-specific modification of pitch and range, consistent with the idea that pitch communicates affect, whereas range is more of an attention-getting device. This differential usage, and the increased pitch, emphasize and support the parallels described between CADS and infant-directed speech. For the first time, we also show the effect of personality on CADS and lay the basis for including jitter as a potentially useful measure in CADS.

Attachment, perceived social support and mental health problems in women with primary infertility

Background: Infertility is one of the fastest growing concerns when it comes to reproductive health and most often, women get the blame. Consequently, females suffer from major psycho-social and emotional problems that may lead to serious mental health concerns.Methods: To fill the gap in literature, a cross-sectional research design was used to measure the attachment styles with spouse, perceived social support, and predict mental health problems in women attending infertility clinics with ages ranging from 19-45 (M 27.21, SD 4.79). Adult Attachment Questionnaire, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale were used among experimental subjects selected through purposive sampling technique.Results: About 32% women reported themselves as secure, 49% as ambivalent, and 19% as avoidant in their attachment style with spouse. The results revealed that a significant negative correlation exists between perceived social support and mental health problems among women with infertility. Moreover, women who identify their attachment pattern as Ambivalent perceive less social support and experience more mental health problems.Conclusions: Education is one of the strongest predictors of how likely infertility is to cause mental health issues while Attachment style is another strong indicator since infertile women with secure attachment pattern have fewer mental health problems. However, the sample size was modest to make any wide-scale assumptions, so further trials with larger participant pools must be performed. Additionally, future studies should include both rural and urban samples with different psychological variables to find the similarities and differences between various groups of people with diverse backgrounds.

THE EMPATHY DIFFERENCE OF CHILDREN IN LATE CHILDHOOD SEEN ON THE ATTACHMENT PATTERNS TO MOTHERS

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to describe the different empathy for children in late childhood with secure attachment, avoidance attachment, and ambivalent/resistant attachment patterns. The subjects consist of children aged 10/11 – 12/13 years old that were born and lived by the mothers. Methodology: The method used in this research is the quantitative method by conducting significance testing. The data of child empathy variables are taken by semi-projective measuring tool of questions in order to explore the cognitive, affective, and motivational aspects. On the other hand, the data of attachment patterns for mother-child variables are obtained through the measuring tool in the form of force choices in which each item directly indicates the attachment pattern of the child. Results: The result of the hypothesis depicts that F = 0.673 with p = 0.415, that is p > 0.05 refers to the decline of the hypothesis. It clearly states that there is no difference found on children in late childhood with secure attachment, avoidance attachment, and ambivalent/resistant attachment. Implications: As a summary, the child empathy reviewed on each attachment pattern to the mother is not evident. This might happen due to the not-varied data as the research sample which is merely obtained at the school and other factors that affect the development of empathy of children in addition to the attachment pattern of the child with his mother.