The Role and Application of Military Power as an Instrument of National Power in the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Nanna Charlotte Lord-Mallam
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Military Power ◽  
National Power

scholarly journals Terrorism and the power of the state intelligence

2013 ◽  
pp. 277-292
Author(s):  
Milan Mijalkovski ◽  
Veselin Konatar
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
National Power ◽  
The One ◽  
Power And Powerlessness

The world has always been an arena where various conflicts, visible and invisible have been happening and unfortunately happen nowadays. The most frequent conflict is (was) the conflict of sovereign subjects (states), while the first decade of the 21st century was mostly marked by many asymmetrical conflicts, between a state (or states) on the one side and not sovereign terrorist subjects on the other side. Every imperilled state, as in any other conflict, has realistic prospects to successfully defend itself and win only when it is adequately informed about the aggressor which, in this particular case, implies terrorist collectivity. Guided by that knowledge, a state endeavours to develop adequate intelligence as an inseparable component of national power, whose success against aggressor, proven in practice, could be optimal, partially successful or weak (inadequate, unsuccessful etc). Accordingly, some aspects of national intelligence power and powerlessness against terrorism are considered in this work.

Textbook tells: gender, race, and decolonizing Guam history textbooks in the 21st century

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Perez Hattori
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
History Textbooks ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Historical Agency

Many examples from Guam’s historiography demonstrate women’s influence in Chamorro society, ranging from cosmological accounts of a creator goddess to failed legislation in the early 1900s that sought to restrict occupations available to women. This article examines the representation of women, as well as indigenous Chamorros, in the five Guam History textbooks published since 1964. The findings reveal that the textbooks, including those written with a specifically “islander-centered” approach, teach Guam’s history in comprehensive chronologies that privilege men of political and military power. This telling consequently obfuscates the historical agency of any women, particularly Native ones. This article suggests that a move away from the standard political framework commonly found in textbooks would better assure the recognition of women’s contributions to society. Such a reframing of the historical lens could serve as a vehicle toward the decolonization of textbooks.

8. Aerostats to algorithms 2001–2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-123
Author(s):  
Frank Ledwidge
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Military Power

Aircraft and air forces continue to play central roles in conventional battlefields in the early years of the 21st century. However, despite superior Western military power over forces in Afghanistan and Iraq, satisfactory political results were not assured. ‘Aerostats to algorithms 2001–2018’ explains that information is now not only an objective, but a weapon in itself. Information dominance and the use of drones are key elements in contemporary conflict. New generations of aircraft are being seen as information systems that are designed to be completely integrated with each other, but these new capabilities also represent new vulnerabilities; technologically adroit enemies will be making huge efforts to intercept, disrupt, or block that crucial data.

scholarly journals PODER AEROESPACIAL E A ESTRATÉGIA NACIONAL DE DEFESA (END)

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (67) ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
Ivan Muniz de Mesquita
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
Military Power ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Institutional Mission ◽  
Aerial Surveillance ◽  
Air Power ◽  
Defense Strategy ◽  
National Power

Este artigo tem por objetivo evidenciar os fundamentos do Poder Aeroespacial e identificar as principais atribuições da Força Aérea Brasileira estabelecidas na Estratégia Nacional de Defesa (END). O autor traz a lume aspectos doutrinários do Poder Aéreo, ou Poder Aeroespacial, bem como a sua importância como projeção do poder militar, uma das expressões do poder nacional, como preconizado na doutrina da Escola Superior de Guerra. A Estratégia Nacional de Defesa (END) é analisada em seus aspectos mais relevantes, destacando-se os seus três eixos estruturantes, que tratam, respectivamente, da: reorganização das Forças Armadas; da reorganização da indústria nacional de defesa e da composição dos efetivos das Forças Armadas. O autor evidencia as atribuições da Força Aérea Brasileira previstas no referido documento, que em síntese são as seguintes: prioridade da vigilância aérea; poder para assegurar a superioridade aérea local; capacidade para levar o combate a pontos específicos do território nacional; e domínio do potencial aeroestratégico. Assim, com vistas a dar cumprimento à sua missão institucional, o Comando da Aeronáutica elaborou o Plano Estratégico Militar da Aeronáutica (PEMAER), bem como o Projeto “Força Aérea 100”, o qual contém as diretrizes necessárias para orientar o futuro da Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB) nas próximas décadas.   This article aims to highlight the fundamentals of Aerospace Power and to identify the main attributions of the Brazilian Air Force established in the National Defense Strategy (NDS). The author brings to light doctrinal aspects of Air Power, or Aerospace Power, as well as its importance as a projection of military power, one of the expressions of national power, as prescribed in the doctrine of the Brazilian War College. The National Defense Strategy is analyzed in its most relevant aspects, highlighting its three structuring point facets, which deal respectively with: reorganization of the Armed Forces; the reorganization of the national defense industry; and the composition of the Armed Forces personnel. The author highlights the attributions of the Brazilian Air Force provided in the aforementioned document, which in summary are the following: priority of aerial surveillance; power to ensure local air superiority; ability to take combat to specific points in the national territory; and controlling of the strategic aviation potential. Thus, in order to fulfill its institutional mission, the Aeronautics Command elaborated the Aeronautical Military Strategic Plan (PEMAER- acronym in Portuguese), as well as the “Air Force 100” Project, which contains the necessary plans to guide the future of the Air Force (FAB) in the coming decades. Este artículo tiene por objetivo evidenciar los fundamentos del Poder Aeroespacial e identificar las principales atribuciones de la Fuerza Aérea Brasileña establecidas en la Estrategia Nacional de Defensa (END). El autor trae a la luz aspectos doctrinarios del Poder Aéreo, el Poder Aeroespacial, así como su importancia como proyección del poder militar, una de las expresiones del poder nacional, como preconizado en la doctrina de la Escuela Superior de Guerra. La Estrategia Nacional de Defensa (END) se analiza en sus aspectos más relevantes, destacándose sus tres ejes estructurantes, que tratan, respectivamente, de la: reorganización de las Fuerzas Armadas; de la Reorganización de la industria nacional de defensa y de la composición de los efectivos de las Fuerzas Armadas. El autor evidencia las atribuciones de la Fuerza Aérea Brasileña previstas en dicho documento, que en síntesis son las siguientes: prioridad de la vigilancia aérea; poder para asegurar la superioridad aérea local; capacidad para llevar el combate a puntos específicos del territorio nacional; dominio del potencial aeroespacial. El Comando de la Aeronáutica elaboró el Plan Estratégico Militar de la Aeronáutica (PEMAER), así como el Proyecto “Fuerza Aérea 100”, que contiene las directrices necesarias para orientar el futuro de la Fuerza Aérea Brasileña (FAB) en las próximas décadas.    

scholarly journals HYBRID WARFARE AS A METOD OF IMPLEMENTING THE NATIONAL STRATEGY – THE CASE OF CRIMEA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019, 21/4 (Volume 2019/issue 21/4) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
BLAŽ TOMŠIČ
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Military Power ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Military Doctrine ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Wide Debate ◽  
National Power ◽  
Constant Feature ◽  
The Military

Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, carried out with an amazing speed and coordination of various soft and hard instruments of national power, while simultaneously using the power of protests by the local pro-Russian population, is undoubtedly one of the better examples of hybrid warfare. The brutality and simultaneous surgical precision of the operation have made it feel as if each of the instruments of national power had played its precisely defined role, which had its basis in the national security and defence documents, such as the national security strategy and military doctrine. This is a proof of the adaptation of the Russia’s military and political strategic framework to the new global challenges of the modern world. The formerly rigid Russia using the primarily brutal military power typical of the Soviet regime, has in this case proved to be a dynamic and highly flexible force, capable of using various instruments of national power, coupled with an appropriate support of a considerably altered, but extremely effective military power instrument. In doing so, it actually shocked the Western professional and political public and opened a wide debate in professional circles, which had previously not attributed the ability of such activities to Russia. Hybrid warfare has become a constant feature of discussions in the military and political circles of the West, focusing primarily on finding solutions to effectively counter the new threat presented in Crimea by the Russian side. Key words Hybrid warfare, national strategy, military doctrine, Crimea.

Modeling and Assessing the National Strength of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Valerii L. Makarov ◽  
◽  
Al’bert R. Bakhtizin ◽  
Nikolai I. Il’in ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Military Power ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
National Power ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Integral Indicator

The article analyzes the world experience of assessing national strength, which is the most informative and popular indicator characterizing the combined national security potential of a particular country, allowing to compare the level of its military power and socio-economic development with other countries. Modeling and evaluating the national strength indicator is extremely important for adjusting strategic documents related to the long-term development of a country, as well as to its foreign policy. In many countries, the national security indicator is assessed by narrow circle of experts or through averaged survey results from a wider range of respondents. The disadvantage of this approach lies in subjectivity, and eventually, in an unreliable estimate. The authors provide a scientifically based methodology for modeling and assessing national power. In forming the components of the national strength integral indicator, key target indicators are used, which are established in the strategic planning documents of Russia. It should be also noted that they contain indicators that are not used by foreign researchers (for example, indicators related to the territory, population, industrial production, energy resources and many others). Results of calculating the integral indicators of national strength, obtained through convolution using factor analysis of group indices, show that at the moment Russia is a world leader (at the level of 3-4 places among 193 countries — members of the UN).

Understanding and Managing Alliances in the 21st Century

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Alexander Lanoszka
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
International Security ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
American Primacy ◽  
The Relationship

This concluding chapter wraps up the book by summarizing its main argument and key findings. It also describes several implications for the study of international security, especially with regards to understandings of credibility, the relationship between nuclear weapons and conventional military power, the effectiveness of coercion, American primacy, and the great power management of weaker states. It then outlines various policy implications that would be of interest to American and allied decision-makers.

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