Modeling and Assessing the National Strength of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Valerii L. Makarov ◽  
◽  
Al’bert R. Bakhtizin ◽  
Nikolai I. Il’in ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Military Power ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
National Power ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Integral Indicator

The article analyzes the world experience of assessing national strength, which is the most informative and popular indicator characterizing the combined national security potential of a particular country, allowing to compare the level of its military power and socio-economic development with other countries. Modeling and evaluating the national strength indicator is extremely important for adjusting strategic documents related to the long-term development of a country, as well as to its foreign policy. In many countries, the national security indicator is assessed by narrow circle of experts or through averaged survey results from a wider range of respondents. The disadvantage of this approach lies in subjectivity, and eventually, in an unreliable estimate. The authors provide a scientifically based methodology for modeling and assessing national power. In forming the components of the national strength integral indicator, key target indicators are used, which are established in the strategic planning documents of Russia. It should be also noted that they contain indicators that are not used by foreign researchers (for example, indicators related to the territory, population, industrial production, energy resources and many others). Results of calculating the integral indicators of national strength, obtained through convolution using factor analysis of group indices, show that at the moment Russia is a world leader (at the level of 3-4 places among 193 countries — members of the UN).

scholarly journals Modeling and Assessment of National Power of Different Countries all over the World

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Valery Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
National Power ◽  
Monitoring And Forecasting

The article continues the work on the assessment, monitoring and forecasting of national power integral indicators. National power is the most informative and popular indicator characterizing the total potential of a particular country, which allows comparing the level of its military power and socio-economic development with other countries. Modeling and assessment of the national power indicator is extremely important for adjusting strategic documents related to the country's long-term development, as well as its foreign policy. In many countries, the national security indicator is assessed by a narrow circle of experts or using the average results of surveys conducted with a wider number of respondents. Subjectivity is the disadvantage of this approach. In this paper, the authors provide a scientifically based methodology for modeling and assessing national power. The results of calculating the integral indicators of national power were obtained using the methods of multivariate static analysis. In conclusion we give a forecast of the indicator of national power until 2025 depending on the most likely scenario of world dynamics from our point of view.

Factors and Prospects for Overcoming the Socio-Demographic Crisis in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Boris N. Kuzyk ◽  
◽  
Valentina G. Dobrokhleb ◽  
Tatiana Y. Yakovets ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Social Doctrine ◽  
Demographic Dynamics ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Demographic crisis remains one of the main challenges to socio-economic development of Russia. The COVID–19 pandemic has aggravated preconditions for a possible recovery from depopulation. The present article substantiates the need to develop and approve the RF social doctrine upon completion of national projects in 2018–2024. The authors suggest their own approach to overcoming the socio-demographic crisis with regard to the long-term demographic dynamics in Russia. Various scenarios of the “post-coronavirus” future of both specific countries and the world as a whole are proposed.

scholarly journals A Tiered Framework for Organizing and Categorizing Medical Interoperability

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 330-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D Mclaughlin ◽  
Ramey L Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
National Security ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Defense Strategies ◽  
The World ◽  
Training Event ◽  
The Way

Abstract Developing, cultivating, and sustaining medical interoperability strengthens the support we provide to the warfighter by presenting our Commanders options and efficiencies to the way we can enable their operations. As our national security and defense strategies change the way our forces are employed to address our security risks throughout the world, some military commands will find they cannot provide adequate medical care without working in concert with willing and available partners.This article proposes a tiered framework that allows medical personnel to further describe and organize their engagement activities around the concept and practicalities of medical interoperability. As resources become diverted to other theaters or missions expand beyond assigned capabilities, medical interoperability provides Commanders with options to medically enable their missions through their partnerships with others. This framework links and connects activities and engagements to build partner capacity with long-term or regional interoperability among our partners and challenges engagement planners to consider ways to build interoperability at all four tiers when planning or executing health engagements and global health development. Using this framework when planning or evaluating an engagement or training event will illuminate opportunities to develop interoperability that might have otherwise been unappreciated or missed.

British Labour in Search of a Socialist Foreign Policy

1950 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-214
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
British Labour ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
The Moment

The thinking of Left Wing Labourites on foreign policy since 1945 reveals the frustration, and, withal, the persistence of Utopian hopes in a period of particularly rapid and alarming change on the world stage.The victory of the British Labour Party in the elections of July, 1945 opened up to Left Wing Labourites intoxicating vistas of permanent peace and socialist brotherhood. The moment of triumph was ironically favorable to the fervor of Socialist Utopian hopes. Fascist military power in Europe had been crushed, and thb feat had been accomplished by the combined endeavors of the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union. Russia, so long the Janus of the socialists, socialist state and enemy of socialists, appeared to be ready for cooperation. Labourites gladly abandoned their “red-baiting” suspicions, and looked for the building of a socialist Europe, aided by the Resistance parties, whose work was generally exaggerated and, just as generally, claimed for socialism. Problems of economic reconstruction were of a magnitude to encourage believers in planning that the capitalist world would itself become socialist in its solutions; and the apparently imminent liquidation of old colonial empires made the radiance of freedom's dawn even more dazzling.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND APPLICABLE BASES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COAL INDUSTRY IN DEVELOPED ECONOMICS AS A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENERGY RESOURCES

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Inna Poshtaruk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Important Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article describes the role of coal in economic activity as an important type of strategic energy resources. The trends of its extraction and consumption in the world economy are outlined. The main problems of the development of the coal industry in different countries are highlighted and countries are classified according to the policy of coal mining and consumption.

The Case against the C.I.A.

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
John Stockwell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Security ◽  
Third World ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Intelligence Service

Following several years of shocking revelations about the United States intelligence service, we now have a unique opportunity to rethink our objectives in the Third World, especially in Africa, and to modify our intelligence activities to complement rather than contradict sound, long term policies. The revelations, and their related publicity, have been a healthy exercise, making the American public aware of what enlightened people throughout the world already knew, that CIA operations had plumbed the depths of assassination, meddlesome covert wars, and the compulsive recruitment of foreign officials to commit treason on our behalf; activities which, if they did not border on international terrorism, certainly impressed their victims as harsh and cruel, whatever their bureaucratic authentication and national security justification in Washington.

scholarly journals Beyond the vigilant state: globalisation and intelligence

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD J. ALDRICH
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Intelligence Services ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Globalising World ◽  
New Terrorism

AbstractThe world of intelligence has grown exponentially over the last decade. This article suggests that prevailing explanation of this expansion – the spectre of ‘new terrorism’ – reflects serious misunderstandings. Much of the emergency legislation which has extended the power of the state so remarkably was already sitting in the pending trays of officials in the late 1990s. Instead, the rise of both the ‘new terrorism’ and its supposed nemesis – the secret state – both owe more to long-term structural factors. Globalisation has accelerated a wide range of sub-military transnational threats, of which the ‘new terrorism’ is but one example. Meanwhile the long-promised engines of global governance are nowhere in sight. In their absence, the underside of a globalising world is increasingly policed by ‘vigilant states’ that resort to a mixture of military power and intelligence power in an attempt to address these problems. Yet the intelligence services cannot meet the improbable demands for omniscience made by governments, nor can they square their new enforcer role with vocal demands by global civil society for improved ethical practice.

scholarly journals Anattempt to rebuild the world "in the American way"

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
A. D. Bogaturov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
National Power ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Trump’s foreign policy was controversial, resulting in division into its supporters and adversaries both at national and international levels. Donald Trump managed to be flexible in relations with the Legislative, ignoring the democratic majority in the House of Representatives. However, it was possible only before the Covid-19 pandemic. Donald Trump’s foreign policy prioritized American capital that determined US relations with the EU, Canada, and Latin America. As for relations with Russia, they were defined by the Ukrainian crisis. Disarmament is still a cornerstone in Russian American relations. The US has complicated relations with countries in Latin America, the Middle East, and the Persian Gulf despite all efforts. The UN’s reform and the Security Council, where the three great powers primarily make decisions, are still questioned. The US divides Europe into three parts; Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and Russia with Belarus. These Europes have different views on US foreign policy. Republican administration aimed at the expansion of the national power and provision of global leadership. However, the implementation methods were questionable and led to some unpleasant consequences for the US allies. Some of them decided to wait, some prepared for the worst, some tried to adapt to Trump’s policy since it reflected the long-term changes of the US standing in the world regardless of the party or the president. As a result, such policy led to the defeat of the Republicans and brought Joe Biden to power.

scholarly journals HYBRID WARFARE AS A METOD OF IMPLEMENTING THE NATIONAL STRATEGY – THE CASE OF CRIMEA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019, 21/4 (Volume 2019/issue 21/4) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
BLAŽ TOMŠIČ
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Military Power ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Military Doctrine ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Wide Debate ◽  
National Power ◽  
Constant Feature ◽  
The Military

Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, carried out with an amazing speed and coordination of various soft and hard instruments of national power, while simultaneously using the power of protests by the local pro-Russian population, is undoubtedly one of the better examples of hybrid warfare. The brutality and simultaneous surgical precision of the operation have made it feel as if each of the instruments of national power had played its precisely defined role, which had its basis in the national security and defence documents, such as the national security strategy and military doctrine. This is a proof of the adaptation of the Russia’s military and political strategic framework to the new global challenges of the modern world. The formerly rigid Russia using the primarily brutal military power typical of the Soviet regime, has in this case proved to be a dynamic and highly flexible force, capable of using various instruments of national power, coupled with an appropriate support of a considerably altered, but extremely effective military power instrument. In doing so, it actually shocked the Western professional and political public and opened a wide debate in professional circles, which had previously not attributed the ability of such activities to Russia. Hybrid warfare has become a constant feature of discussions in the military and political circles of the West, focusing primarily on finding solutions to effectively counter the new threat presented in Crimea by the Russian side. Key words Hybrid warfare, national strategy, military doctrine, Crimea.

scholarly journals EU Energy Security at a Glance: The Evolution of the Situation Between 2014-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ionuţ Alin Cîrdei
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Eu

AbstractEnsuring the energy resources needed for the functioning of society as a whole is a major concern for European countries, which must identify solutions in this regard. Measures to be taken individually and collectively aim to ensure a continuous flow of energy resources and to consolidate the energy security. The energy security of European states is quite difficult to achieve due to the energy situation of all states and due to the increased dependence on energy resources outside the European space. Ensuring energy security not only creates the conditions for the development of society, but also strengthens national security, as it eliminates possible sources of tension and contradictions, which can lead to crisis or even conflict. From this perspective, it is clear that the EU is making efforts for energy sources diversification and to reduce the likelihood of malfunctions, but the evolution of the energy situation of the EU bloc shows that this is a long-term approach and concrete measures are very difficult to implement, fact easy to notice from the analysis of the energy situation of the EU between 2014 and 2018.

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