The traditional classification of economists in materialist and fundist views

In article the legislative base, which is the foundation of functioning of the state system of medical-social examination, is considered and analyzed. The questions of legal regulation of the state activity in the sphere of social policy concerning disabled people are discussed. The methods of sociological research and logical analysis of literature and official normatively-legal papers, being the basis of activity of the system of medico-social examination and sphere of giving to the invalids the equal with other citizens possibilities in realization of constitutional rights and freedoms, public welfare and establishment, are applied to the invalids as the measures of government support. In conclusions the emphasis is placed on need of carrying out radical restructurings for system of medico-social examination. It is offered to modify the existing classification of indexes of health and indexes, related to the health taking into account the socio-economic, climatic and other features; to strength the control of execution of government programs in the medico-social sphere; to modify the traditional classification of groups of disability; to change a way of features accounting of disabled people with various functional violations proceeding from a complex assessment of dysfunction of the neuro-physiological and psycho-physiological statuses; to use the innovative technologies of diagnostics, treatment, rehabilitation in correction of the functional violations with taking in mind not only the nosologic group of disease, but by an individual approach.

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Management of Health-Care Associated Pneumonia (HCAP)

Italian Journal of Medicine ◽

10.4081/itjm.2012.87 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 87-90

Author(s):

Alessia Rosato ◽

Claudio Santini

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Treatment Approach ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Outpatient Setting ◽

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Traditional Classification ◽

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Health Care Associated Pneumonia ◽

Hospital Acquired

Introduction The traditional classification of Pneumonia as either community acquired (CAP) or hospital acquired (HAP) reflects deep differences in the etiology, pathogenesis, approach and prognosis between the two entities. Health-Care Associated Pneumonia (HCAP) develops in a heterogeneous group of patients receiving invasive medical care or surgical procedures in an outpatient setting. For epidemiology and outcomes, HCAP closely resembles HAP and possibly requires an analogous therapeutic regimen effective against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Materials and methods We reviewed the pertinent literature and the guidelines for the diagnosis and management of HCAP to analyze the evidence for the recommended approach. Results Growing evidence seems to confirm the differences in epidemiology and outcome between HCAP and CAP but fails to confirm any real advantage in pursuing an aggressive treatment for all HCAP and CAP patients. Discussion Further investigations are needed to establish the optimal treatment approach according to the different categories of patients and the different illness severities. Keywords Health Care Associated Pneumonia (HCAP); Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP); Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP); Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pathogens

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Liar's war: Protecting civilians from disinformation during armed conflict

International Review of the Red Cross ◽

10.1017/s1816383121000473 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Eian Katz

Keyword(s):

Armed Conflict ◽

Legal Framework ◽

International Criminal Law ◽

International Humanitarian Law ◽

International Human Rights Law ◽

Humanitarian Law ◽

Human Rights Law ◽

Human Needs ◽

Traditional Classification

Abstract Disinformation in armed conflict may pose several distinctive forms of harm to civilians: exposure to retaliatory violence, distortion of information vital to securing human needs, and severe mental suffering. The gravity of these harms, along with the modern nature of wartime disinformation, is out of keeping with the traditional classification of disinformation in international humanitarian law (IHL) as a permissible ruse of war. A patchwork set of protections drawn from IHL, international human rights law and international criminal law may be used to limit disinformation operations during armed conflict, but numerous gaps and ambiguities undermine the force of this legal framework, calling for further scholarly attention and clarification.

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PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS AND SPECIES IDENTIFICATION OF 11 GORGONIAN CORALS (OCTOCORALLIA: ALCYONACEA) IN THE NORTH CENTRAL COAST OF VIETNAM BASED ON MSH1MTDNA AND 28S RDNA MARKERS

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/13298 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (08) ◽

pp. 505-514

Author(s):

Nguyen Chi Mai ◽

◽

NinhThi Ngoc ◽

Nguyen Xuan Cuong ◽

Nguyen Hoai Nam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Identification ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

28S Rdna ◽

Central Coast ◽

North Central ◽

The North ◽

Traditional Classification ◽

Gorgonian Corals ◽

Coast Of Vietnam

Vietnam contains diverse marine ecosystems with the high biodiversity of marine organisms, including gorgonian corals of Alcyonacea order. In order to support traditional classification of these corals, in this study mitochondrial barcoding markers msh1 and nuclear 28S rDNA were developed for analysis of 11 specimens collected in 2015 and 2016 from different islands and bays along the North Central coast of Vietnam. Phylogenetic analyses based on msh1 and 28S sequence polymorphism showed that all specimens belonged to Anthozoa class, Octocorallia sub-class and Alcyonacea order. At lower taxa levels, they were divided into 4 sub-orders, 7 families and 7 genera according to 7 distinct clades with bootstrap values from 99-100%.The identifications of 7 out of 11 specimens including Sinularia brassica (2 specimens)and Sinularialeptoclados, Dichotellagemmacea, Annella reticulata, S. conferta and S. nanolobata were in concordance between morphological and molecular methods. The other 4 specimens were only identified at genus levels of Astrogorgia sp., Melithaea sp. Scleronephthya sp. and Muricella sp. by either msh1-morphology or msh1-28S markers. These results highlight the importance of molecular markers to elucidate patterns of biodiversity and species identification of soft coral.

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The daily risk of bacteremia during hospitalization and associated 30-day mortality evaluated in relation to the traditional classification of bacteremia

American Journal of Infection Control ◽

10.1016/j.ajic.2015.09.011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 167-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Stig Lønberg Nielsen ◽

Annmarie Touborg Lassen ◽

Hans Jørn Kolmos ◽

Thøger Gorm Jensen ◽

Kim Oren Gradel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traditional Classification ◽

Daily Risk

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Traditional classification of plants

The Environmentalist ◽

10.1007/bf01907287 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (S7) ◽

pp. 19-21

Author(s):

Gembong Tjitrosoepomo

Keyword(s):

Traditional Classification

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Cardiomyopathy Classification: Ongoing Debate in the Genomics Era

Biochemistry Research International ◽

10.1155/2012/796926 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Charles McCartan ◽

Robert Mason ◽

S. R. Jayasinghe ◽

Lyn R. Griffiths

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Genetic Information ◽

Molecular Basis ◽

Genetic Basis ◽

Muscle Size ◽

Systemic Diseases ◽

Ongoing Debate ◽

Traditional Classification ◽

And Function

Cardiomyopathies represent a group of diseases of the myocardium of the heart and include diseases both primarily of the cardiac muscle and systemic diseases leading to adverse effects on the heart muscle size, shape, and function. Traditionally cardiomyopathies were defined according to phenotypical appearance. Now, as our understanding of the pathophysiology of the different entities classified under each of the different phenotypes improves and our knowledge of the molecular and genetic basis for these entities progresses, the traditional classifications seem oversimplistic and do not reflect current understanding of this myriad of diseases and disease processes. Although our knowledge of the exact basis of many of the disease processes of cardiomyopathies is still in its infancy, it is important to have a classification system that has the ability to incorporate the coming tide of molecular and genetic information. This paper discusses how the traditional classification of cardiomyopathies based on morphology has evolved due to rapid advances in our understanding of the genetic and molecular basis for many of these clinical entities.

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Die gelykenisse van Jesus: Klassifikasie en prediking

HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies ◽

10.4102/hts.v41i3.2156 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

Author(s):

A. G. Van Aarde

Keyword(s):

Good Samaritan ◽

Traditional Classification

The parables of Jesus: Classification and preaching The article's intention is to evaluate with a pragmatic aim in mind, viz preaching, the traditional classification of Jesus' parables under the headings similitude, parable-proper, example-story and cdlegory. The basic thesis is that the emphasis should be on metaphoricity, narrativity and reference rather than the above-mentioned formgeschichtliche categories. The story of the Good Samaritan in Luke 10: 25-37 serves as a case study.

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The generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): Reconciling taxonomy with phylogeny

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4353.3.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4353 (3) ◽

pp. 401 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F. GARY STILES ◽

J. V. JR. REMSEN ◽

JIMMY A. MCGUIRE

Keyword(s):

New Genus ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Historical Review ◽

Genetic Data ◽

Zoological Nomenclature ◽

Tabular Form ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

The Family ◽

Traditional Classification

The generic nomenclature of the hummingbirds is unusually complicated. McGuire et al.’s (2014) recent phylogeny of the Trochilidae based on DNA sequence data has greatly clarified relationships within the family but conflicts strongly with the traditional classification of the family at the genus level, especially that of the largest and most recently derived clade, the Trochilini or “emeralds”. We recently presented a historical review of this classification and the generic modifications required by the Code of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Herein we present a revised generic classification of the Trochilini based upon McGuire et al.’s genetic data, while producing diagnosable generic groupings and preserving nomenclatural stability insofar as possible. However, this generic rearrangement has necessitated the resurrection of nine generic names currently considered synonyms, the synonymization of seven currently recognized genera and the creation of one new genus. The generic changes we recommend to the classification are drastic, and we summarize these in tabular form in comparison with the three most recent classifications of the Trochilini. Where appropriate, we outline alternatives to our proposed arrangement. The classification treats 110 species in 35 genera, including two species that remain unplaced for lack of genetic samples.

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