Conclusions: Global trends in basic service provision

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egidio Chaimite ◽  
Salvador Forquilha ◽  
Alex Shankland

In this paper, we explore the use of a governance diaries methodology to investigate poor households’ interactions with authority in fragile, conflict and violence-affected settings in Mozambique. The research questioned the meanings of empowerment and accountability from the point of view of poor and marginalised people, with the aim of understanding what both mean for them, and how that changes over time, based on their experiences with governance. The study also sought to record how poor and marginalised households view the multiple institutions that govern their lives; providing basic public goods and services, including health and security; and, in return, raise revenues to fund these services. The findings show that, even if the perceptions and, with them, the concepts of empowerment and accountability that emerged do not differ significantly from those identified in the literature, in terms of action and mobilisation there are distinctions. In our research sites we found that people rarely mobilise, even faced with prevalent injustices and poor basic service provision. Many claim to be ‘unable’ to influence or force ‘authorities’ to respond to their concerns and demands.


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Mumme

Resumen: Este estudio describe las reformas hacia la descentralización en materia ambiental en México, utilizando evidencia del caso de Sonora, estado fronterizo del noroeste. El estudio identifica primero la descentralización ambiental dentro de un proceso más amplio: el de la descentralización política del México contemporáneo, así como las diversas formas de descentralización que se han dado en el país y en instituciones innovadoras específicas, tanto nacionales como internacionales, que contribuyen para lograr la descentralización ambiental. El progreso sonorense en el área ambiental es descrito enfatizando lo referente a recursos y actividades de los municipios, en particular, el municipio de Hermosillo, así como las diferencias entre municipios fronterizos e interiores. El texto concluye que la descentralización en Sonora toma la forma de desconcentración, que está ligada a la provisión de servicios básicos, que avanza con más rapidez en la frontera norte, que está asociada con la fuerza creciente de los movimientos sociales, y que se trata de un proceso intrincado por las numerosas ambigüedades de las leyes y estatutos existentes que necesitan ser clarificados si los municipios de Sonora han de asumir mas responsabilidades dentro de esta área.Palabras clave: Norte de México, Sonora, Descentralización política, Medio ambiente, Política ambiental.Abstract: This study describes Mexico's decentralizing reforms in the area of environmental policy as they are evident in the case of the northwestern border state of Sonora. The study first locates environmental decentralization within the larger process of political decentralization in contemporary Mexico and the various forms of decentralization that are evident in Mexico today and specific institutional initiatives, national and international, contributing to the goal of environmental decentralization in Mexico. Sonora's progress in decentralizing environmental policy is then described with special emphasis on the role, resources, and activities of ?municipios?, particularly the municipio of Hermosillo, and on differences among border and interior municipios. The paper concludes t h at environmental decentralization in Sonora largely takes the form of disconcentration, is linked to basic service provision, is proceding more rapidly in the northern border are a , is associated with the growing strength of social movements, and is hampered by numerous ambiguities in existing laws and statutes that need to be addressed if Sonora?s municipios are to assume more responsabilities in this policy area.Palabras clave: Northern Mexico, Sonora, Political de-centralization, Environment, Environmental policy.


2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 178-204
Author(s):  
Bipasha Baruah

Neoliberalism is generally associated with certain paradigmatic regulatory experiments, such as privatisation, deregulation, trade liberalisation, financialisation, structural adjustment, welfare cutbacks and monetarist shock therapy. Prominent observers of the global economy swiftly proclaimed the “end of neoliberalism” after the global economic crisis of 2008. This paper shares the experiences of two Indian NGOs participating in a multiple-stakeholder pro-poor urban electrification programme that was designed to demonstrate a viable alternative to neoliberal models of basic service provision. By 2008, close to 100,000 homes had been electrified in the city of Ahmedabad and the programme is currently being replicated in smaller cities in Gujarat and in the neighbouring state of Rajasthan. The broader findings from this research suggest that the news of neoliberalism’s demise may be greatly exaggerated. The “alternative” practices and strategies that have emerged more recently, such as the ones documented in this article, may challenge certain aspects of neoliberal thinking even as they reconfigure and recalibrate others. Although this case study cannot in any way enable us to gauge if India is moving toward “post-neoliberalism”, it does highlight the importance of documenting and understanding sub-national scales and actors in experimenting with and testing alternatives to market-based solutions.


Author(s):  
Mary Goldberg ◽  
Mohammed Alharbi ◽  
Krithika Kandavel ◽  
Yohali Burrola-Mendez ◽  
Nancy Augustine ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1148-1161
Author(s):  
Camilo Maldonado ◽  
Alejandro Ashe ◽  
Kerri Bubar ◽  
Jessica Chapman

Background American educational legislation suggests culturally competent speech and language services should be provided in a child's native language, but the number of multilingual speech-language pathologists (SLPs) is negligible. Consequently, many monolingual English-speaking practitioners are being tasked with providing services to these populations. This requires that SLPs are educated about cultural and linguistic diversity as well as the legislation that concerns service provision to non-English or limited English proficiency speakers. Purpose This qualitative study explored the experiences of monolingual, American, English-speaking SLPs and clinical fellows who have worked with immigrant and refugee families within a preschool context. It investigated what training SLPs received to serve this population and what knowledge these SLPs possessed with regard to federal legislation governing the provision of services to culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) communities. Method Ten American clinicians with experience treating CLD children of refugee and immigrant families in the context of preschool service provision participated in the study. Semistructured interviews were utilized to better understand the type of training clinicians received prior to and during their service delivery for CLD populations. Additionally, questions were asked to explore the degree to which practitioners understood federal mandates for ethical and effective service provision. The data collected from these interviews were coded and analyzed using the principles of grounded theory. Findings The results of this study revealed that there was a general sense of unpreparedness when working with CLD clients. This lack of training also attributed to a deficiency of knowledge surrounding legislation governing service provision to CLD populations.


Author(s):  
Laura S. DeThorne ◽  
Kelly Searsmith

Purpose The purpose of this article is to address some common concerns associated with the neurodiversity paradigm and to offer related implications for service provision to school-age autistic students. In particular, we highlight the need to (a) view first-person autistic perspectives as an integral component of evidence-based practice, (b) use the individualized education plan as a means to actively address environmental contributions to communicative competence, and (c) center intervention around respect for autistic sociality and self-expression. We support these points with cross-disciplinary scholarship and writings from autistic individuals. Conclusions We recognize that school-based speech-language pathologists are bound by institutional constraints, such as eligibility determination and Individualized Education Program processes that are not inherently consistent with the neurodiversity paradigm. Consequently, we offer examples for implementing the neurodiversity paradigm while working within these existing structures. In sum, this article addresses key points of tension related to the neurodiversity paradigm in a way that we hope will directly translate into improved service provision for autistic students. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13345727


2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Hastings ◽  
Tracy J. Cohn ◽  
E. Janie Pinterits

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