scholarly journals Effect of a High-protein Diet on Activities of Antioxidative Enzymes and Oxidized Protein Levels in Erythrocytes and Liver of Senescence-Accelerated Mice (SAMs).

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puming HE ◽  
Sakiyo YAMAOKA-KOSEKI ◽  
Kyoden YASUMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mice

Digestion by sheep of concentrate diets containing formaldehyde-treated peanut meal

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Faichney
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Formaldehyde Treatment ◽  
Protein Diets

The effect of formaldehyde treatment of peanut meal on the digestion of barley-peanut meal diets was studied in fistulated crossbred sheep at two peanut meal and therefore dietary protein levels. There were no differences either between protein levels or due to treatment in the overall digestion of organic matter, but more of this digestion took place in the stomach when the low protein diets were given. Dietary starch was completely digested. There was no effect of protein level or of formaldehyde treatment on the partition of starch digestion between the stomach and the intestines. About 10% of the dietary nitrogen disappeared from the stomach when the high protein diet containing untreated peanut meal was given; treatment resulted in a small net gain of nitrogen in the stomach. There was a net gain of nitrogen in the stomach when the low protein diets were given, the gain tending to be greater when the peanut meal was treated. When the meal was treated, there was a small but not significant increase (c. 2%) for the low protein diet and a substantial increase (c. 31 %) for the high protein diet in the amount of crude protein digested in the intestines per unit of digestible organic matter intake. Changes observed in the composition and flow of digesta and in plasma urea and cc-amino nitrogen levels are discussed in relation to the digestion of organic matter and protein.

scholarly journals Fermented Feed Supplement Relieves Caecal Microbiota Dysbiosis and Kidney Injury Caused by High-Protein Diet in the Development of Gosling Gout

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2139
Author(s):  
Yumeng Xi ◽  
Yuanpi Huang ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Junshu Yan ◽  
Zhendan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Fermented Feed ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

Firstly, forty-eight 1-day-old goslings were randomly allocated to four groups and were fed diets containing crude protein (CP) at different concentrations: 160, 180, 200, and 220 g/kg in Experiment One. We found a dose-dependent relationship between the dietary protein levels and morbidity of gosling gout. The concentration of serum uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), and urea nitrogen (UN), and the activity of xanthine oxidase in the 220CP groups were significantly higher than those in the low-protein diet groups. Beneficial microbes, including Akkermansia, Lactococcus, and Butyricicoccus were enriched in the ceca of healthy goslings, while the microbes Enterococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Bacteroides were enriched in those with gout. Then, we explored the effects of fermented feed on gosling gout caused by high-protein diets in Experiment Two. A total of 720 1-day-old goslings were randomly allotted to four experimental groups: CN (162.9 g/kg CP), CNF (167.5 g/kg CP, replacing 50 g/kg of the basal diet with fermented feed), HP (229.7 g/kg CP, a high-protein diet), and HPF (230.7 g/kg CP, replacing 50 g/kg of the high-protein diet with fermented feed). We found that the cumulative incidence of gout increased in the HP group compared with that in the control, but decreased in the HPF group compared to that in the HP group. Similarly, the concentration of serum UA in the HP group was higher than that in the CN group, but decreased in the HPF group. Meanwhile, compared with the HP group, using fermented feed in diets decreased the abundance of Enterococcus in the ceca of goslings, while increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus. These results suggest that appropriate dietary protein levels and the fermented feed supplement might relieve the kidney injury and gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by high-protein diets in the development of gosling gout.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Protein Levels on Dynamic Changes and Interactions of Ruminal Microbiota and Metabolites in Yaks on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
XiaoLing Zhang ◽  
TianWei Xu ◽  
XunGang Wang ◽  
YuanYue Geng ◽  
Na Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Ruminal Microbiota

To improve performance and optimize rumen function in yaks (Bos grunniens), further knowledge on the appropriate dietary protein levels for ruminal microbiota and the metabolite profiles of yaks in feedlot feeding is necessary. Current understanding of dietary protein requirements, ruminal microbiota, and metabolites is limited. In this study, yaks were fed a low-protein diet (L; 9.64%), middle low-protein diet (ML; 11.25%), middle high-protein diet (MH; 12.48%), or a high-protein diet (H; 13.87%), and the effects of those diets on changes and interactions in ruminal microbiota and metabolites were investigated. Twenty-four female yaks were selected, and the effects on ruminal microbiota and metabolites were investigated using 16s rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS). Diets containing different protein levels changed the composition of the rumen bacterial community, the H group significantly reduced the diversity of ruminal microbiota (p < 0.05), and the number of shared amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) between the H group and the other three groups was lower, suggesting that the ruminal microbiota community fluctuated more with a high-protein diet. In rumen, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the most abundant bacteria at the phylum level, and Bacteroidetes was significantly less abundant in the MH group than in the L and ML groups (p < 0.05). Prevotella_1, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group had the highest abundance at the genus level. Prevotellaceae was enriched in the low-protein groups, whereas Bacteroidales_BS11_gut_group was enriched in the high-protein groups. Rumen metabolite concentrations and metabolic patterns were altered by dietary protein levels: organic acid metabolites, antioxidant-related metabolites, and some plant-derived metabolites showed variation between the groups. Enrichment analysis revealed that significant changes were concentrated in six pathways, including the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and butanoate metabolism. Network analysis showed promotion or restraint relationships between different rumen microbiota and metabolites. Overall, the rumen function was higher in the MH group. This study provides a reference for appropriate dietary protein levels and improves understanding of rumen microbes and metabolites.

Effect of diets with different energy and protein levels on performance of grower ostriches

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Glatz ◽  
Z. H. Miao ◽  
B. K. Rodda ◽  
S. C. Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Feed Costs

Grower ostriches that are fed more expensive diets with high energy and high protein to maximise growth can exhibit health problems. Despite this there is an ‘industry view’ that birds can be grown to slaughter weight within 8 months when high energy and protein diets are used, rather than 12–14 months using conventional diets. Given this scenario it is likely that there would be lower total feed costs associated with feeding a high energy and high protein diet for only 8 months compared with feeding a traditional diet for 12–14 months. The purpose of this experiment was to conduct an on-farm trial with grower ostriches (liveweight 48.7–50.0 kg) housed in a feedlot to examine their performance when subjected to four dietary treatments fed over 4 weeks: (i) treatment 1: birds fed a commercial grower diet with 10.7 MJ/kg and 138.0 g/kg of protein; (ii) treatment 2: birds fed a low energy (10.0 MJ/kg) and low protein (126.0 g/kg) diet; (iii) treatment 3: birds fed a high energy (12.5 MJ/kg) and medium protein (136.0 g/kg) diet; and (iv) treatment 4: birds fed a high energy (12.5 MJ/kg) and high protein (143.0 g/kg) diet in a feedlot. Birds fed on the low energy and low protein diet had the highest feed intake compared with the other treatments. Birds on treatment 2 also had a significantly higher (P = 0.01) daily weight gain (277.3 g/bird) compared with treatment 1 (50.9 g), treatment 3 (49.1 g) and treatment 4 (32.0 g), respectively. The results indicate that better daily bodyweight gain is likely if ostrich growers are fed with a lower energy and lower protein diet.

Increased Myostatin Synthesis in Rat Gastrocnemius Muscles under High-Protein Diet

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Nakazato ◽  
Tatsuro Hirose ◽  
Hongsun Song
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Feeding ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles

More than 15% dietary protein has reportedly not led to significant muscle hypertrophy in normal growing rats. The aim of this study was to test whether a high protein (HP) diet affects myostatin (Mstn) synthesis in a rat gastrocnemius muscle. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (4-wk-old) were divided into three groups: 1) control diet (15% protein; 15P, n = 8), 2) the 25P group (25% protein, n = 8), and 3) the 35P group (35% protein, n = 8). After 3 wk of isoenergetic feedings, the Mstn level in skeletal muscles was determined using Northern and Western blotting analysis. After the experimental feeding, muscle masses were similar among groups. The 35P showed significant high expressions of Mstn both at mRNA and protein levels. Obtained results suggest that a high-protein diet leads to the high Mstn level to restrict muscle hypertrophy.

scholarly journals Nutritional manipulation in goats: Supplementation of high protein concentrate, effect on performance and resilience of internal parasites

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-201
Author(s):  
A. O. Yusuf ◽  
T. O. Ajayi ◽  
O. S. Ajayi ◽  
O. A. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

Eighteen West African Dwarf Goats (WAD) were used in 77-days experimental period to test the efficacy of high protein levels on growth performance and parasite loads of WAD goat. The goats were grouped into three treatments of six animals each per group using their FAMACHA scores (C3-E5) in a completely randomized design. Concentrate diets of varying levels of protein were fed at 7.5 % (low protein, LP), 10.5 % (medium protein, MP) and 14.5% (high protein, HP) inclusion level, respectively while Megathyrsus maximums and water was providedad libitum. Data were collect on FAMACHA score, weight changes. oocyst count and egg per gram of the faeces. The result of this study indicated that the supplemented protein decreased the FAMACHA score from the onset of the experiment to the end of the experiment. Animals fed high protein diet displayed highest growth performance, followed by animals fed with medium protein diet while animals fed with low protein diets had a slight increase in their growth performance.Goats fed high proteinous diet (HP) had a reduced oocyst and egg per gram of the faeces compared to their counterparts fed medium and low protein diets. It can be concluded that feeding WAD goats up to 14% crude protein inclusion is quite adequate to cover their protein requirements and increase their growth performance.Feeding high proteinous diets to goats is an economic and cost effective way of controlling gastrointestinal parasite.

scholarly journals A high-protein diet increases faecal IgA concentrations in baby pigs

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (OCE5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vitari ◽  
A. Morise ◽  
M. Formal ◽  
C. Garcia ◽  
K. Mace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet

scholarly journals Measurement of the Intestinal pH in Mice under Various Conditions Reveals Alkalization Induced by Antibiotics

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Kouki Shimizu ◽  
Issei Seiki ◽  
Yoshiyuki Goto ◽  
Takeshi Murata
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
The Stability

The intestinal pH can greatly influence the stability and absorption of oral drugs. Therefore, knowledge of intestinal pH is necessary to understand the conditions for drug delivery. This has previously been measured in humans and rats. However, information on intestinal pH in mice is insufficient despite these animals being used often in preclinical testing. In this study, 72 female ICR mice housed in SPF (specific pathogen-free) conditions were separated into nine groups to determine the intestinal pH under conditions that might cause pH fluctuations, including high-protein diet, ageing, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment, several antibiotic treatment regimens and germ-free mice. pH was measured in samples collected from the ileum, cecum and colon, and compared to control animals. An electrode, 3 mm in diameter, enabled accurate pH measurements with a small amount of gastrointestinal content. Consequently, the pH values in the cecum and colon were increased by high-protein diet, and the pH in the ileum was decreased by PPI. Drastic alkalization was induced by antibiotics, especially in the cecum and colon. The alkalized pH values in germ-free mice suggested that the reduction in the intestinal bacteria caused by antibiotics led to alkalization. Alkalization of the intestinal pH caused by antibiotic treatment was verified in mice. We need further investigations in clinical settings to check whether the same phenomena occur in patients.

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