scholarly journals Chapter X.32: Large-scale water infrastructure, territorial transformation and water rights dispossession

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutgerd Boelens
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
X 32 ◽  
Territorial Transformation

scholarly journals The co-development of agriculture and flood–related problems in the parishes of Högsby and Mörlunda, Sweden, 1600–1800

Water History ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Jacobsson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
General Level ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Vital Resource

AbstractThis paper analyses the development of flood related problems in two parishes in southeastern Sweden—Högsby and Mörlunda—during the period 1500–1800. The questions asked concern the role of the larger development of the agricultural production in the expansion of flooding problems during the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and also investigates how this relationship was perceived by the local inhabitants. This is done through an analysis of the development of agriculture in the area using historical maps, combined with a study of written source material such as parish records and court protocols. The river Emån which flows through these parishes had long been a vital resource in the cattle–based economy of the studied parishes. This relationship turned more problematic by the turn of the eighteenth century due to the introduction of autumn rye into the agricultural scheme, prolonging the period of flood risk exposure for the arable crops. Combined with arable field expansion during the eighteenth century, this increased the sensitivity of agriculture to flooding. This development was not apparent in the discourse of the local inhabitants by the end of the eighteenth century, who instead interpreted increasing flooding problems in relation to existing water rights principles. These emphasized the more direct effects of human and natural obstructions in the river channel. The limits of historical memory as well as the necessities of agricultural development colored the local interpretation. Such processes on a general level were also closely inter–linked with the large–scale institutional changes of the period.

scholarly journals Strategic design and finance of rainwater harvesting to cost-effectively meet large-scale urban water infrastructure needs

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 116063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjon van Dijk ◽  
Amanda W. Lounsbury ◽  
Arjen Y. Hoekstra ◽  
Ranran Wang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Strategic Design

The Effect of Institutional Affiliation and Career Patterns on (De)centralization Preferences in Advanced Multi-Level States: Parliamentarians’ Support for (De)Centralization in Belgium

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Dodeigne ◽  
Christoph Niessen ◽  
Min Reuchamps ◽  
Dave Sinardet
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Career Patterns ◽  
Institutional Affiliation ◽  
Career Pattern ◽  
Constitutional Reforms ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Territorial Transformation

Abstract The decentralization of political power towards subnational entities is one of the major contemporary processes of territorial transformation in European democracies. Traditionally, research has focused on arguments related to nationalism and identities. Later, the strategic agency of political parties has been integrated as they typically play a major role in negotiating constitutional reforms. We investigate two institutionalist factors to explain why political Parliamentarians (MPs) favour decentralization while others oppose it: their parliamentary institutional affiliation and their career pattern (as well as the interaction between both). The importance of these factors is studied based on a large-scale survey among Belgian MPs from all federal and regional parliaments. Our results indicate that MPs’ preferences for decentralization significantly differ depending on their institutional affiliation (regional MPs being more decentralist than national MPs). This difference is moderated by MPs’ career pattern, but only for national MPs (who are more decentralist when they have a regional career pattern).

scholarly journals Contested Territories: Water Rights and the Struggles over Indigenous Livelihoods

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutgerd Boelens ◽  
Bibiana Duarte ◽  
Rossana Manosalvas ◽  
Patricio Mena ◽  
Tatinana Roa Avendaño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Irrigation Development ◽  
Defense Strategies ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
Indigenous Territories ◽  
Territorial Rights

This paper examines the threats to Indigenous water rights and territories in the Andean countries. It analyzes how water and water rights are embedded in Indigenous territories, and how powerful actors and intervention projects tend to undermine local societies and indigenous livelihoods by developing large-scale water infrastructure. Three cases illustrate the encroachment process. In Colombia, the Embera Katio people’s water territory is colonized by a large-scale hydropower development project. In Ecuador, large-scale drinking water development for megacities aims the water belonging to the Oyacachi community’s indigenous highland territory. In Peru, communal water rights of the Colca Valley indigenous peasantry are under threat because of large-scale irrigation development. As the cases show, Indigenous peoples and communities actively contest the undermining and subordination of their water and territorial rights through a myriad of multi-scalar livelihood defense strategies. The challenges that indigenous peoples face to defend their water-based livelihoods are, however, enormous and growing every day.

Water reforms in developing countries: management transfers, private operators and water markets

Water Policy ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 573-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slim Zekri ◽  
K. William Easter
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Water Markets ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Water Charges ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lease Contracts

This paper analyzes the irrigation management transfer (IMT) experience in four middle-income developing countries and explores the links for private sector participation in providing water service and irrigation management. The four countries considered in the analysis are Mexico, Morocco, South Africa and Tunisia. The IMT program was successful where farmers had their water rights established, farms are medium and large scale with good access to markets and the government had a strong political willingness to empower users. The IMT programs that focused mainly on farmers' participation and empowerment through Water User Associations (WUA) have not been very successful. Private sector management has proved a feasible alternative in a number of countries. Experiences from Australia, China, France and Mali show that the private sector can efficiently manage irrigation systems and collect water charges, even in the absence of formal WUAs. Two additional alternatives could be of interest for irrigation schemes; these are management contracts and lease contracts. Another alternative would be to reform public entities and create new models that can ensure efficiency and transparency. The establishment of water rights is key in many cases since it guarantees access to water. The water rights are most effective in improving water use when allocated to farmers rather than to the private/public operator. After the establishment of water rights, farmers will have an incentive to organize in order to obtain better service. The paper also provides an overview of different types of water markets where private operators may play the intermediate role between willing buyers and sellers of water based on information obtained through the management of the network.

Inside‐out: Chinese academic assessments of large‐scale water infrastructure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Webber ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Sarah Rogers ◽  
Mark Wang ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Academic Assessments ◽  
Inside Out

Nested institutions and the need to improve international water institutions

Water Policy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. William Easter ◽  
Laura M. J. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Developing World ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Water Institutions ◽  
International Water ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Water Problems

In this paper we identify a number of critical water problems and discuss the key role institutions can play in their resolution. We develop our framework for analysis based on Williamson's (2000) four-levels of institutions (e.g. norms, laws, and policies). Next, we discuss the problems of designing institutions. This is followed by a section arguing that we have, in the past, overinvested in water infrastructure and underinvested in water institutions. Next, we discuss some of the changes that have occurred in the developing world as it has become integrated into world markets and the implications this has for water. We then list five priority areas where new water institutions need to be developed and old ones modified or discarded. Finally, we conclude with a call for a greater emphasis on the development of new and improved water institutions, particularly water rights.

Some comments about observations and image processing of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
D. Kubáček ◽  
A. Galád ◽  
A. Pravda
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Harvard College ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Short Period Comet ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Harvard College Observatory ◽  
Period Comet

AbstractUnusual short-period comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 inspired many observers to explain its unpredictable outbursts. In this paper large scale structures and features from the inner part of the coma in time periods around outbursts are studied. CCD images were taken at Whipple Observatory, Mt. Hopkins, in 1989 and at Astronomical Observatory, Modra, from 1995 to 1998. Photographic plates of the comet were taken at Harvard College Observatory, Oak Ridge, from 1974 to 1982. The latter were digitized at first to apply the same techniques of image processing for optimizing the visibility of features in the coma during outbursts. Outbursts and coma structures show various shapes.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

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