scholarly journals Reinventing the Refugee Camp as the City: Theoretical Considerations about Unaccompanied Minors

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3 (181)) ◽  
pp. 253-265
Author(s):  
Łukasz Albański ◽  
Małgorzata Krywult-Albańska
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Refugee Camp ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Unaccompanied Minors ◽  
Child Rights ◽  
The City ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

The visible presence of migrant children (including unaccompanied minors) in current migratory flows manifestly requires some form of state attention in migrant destination states. In recent decades, the question of who is entitled to rights has become ever more discussed. At the same time, immigration regulations have tightened with increasing punitive measures taken against those labelled ‘undeserved and undocumented’. This paper seeks to connect a critical discussion of camp urbanization with the discourse on child rights within the context of the refugee camp space. Considering the urban not simply as a physical space, but also as a particular form of political community and the exercise of citizenship space, the paper explores the question: how does the reinvention of the camp as an urban space contribute to a new and better understanding of experiences and resources that unaccompanied minors arrive with? The article uses the analyses of the reference literature and provides an overview of some concepts to get a broader picture of spatial childhood within the camp. The conclusion is that children do not feature in the discussion of camp urbanization as individual subjects of concern. They are considered as possessions of adults. Moreover, they are trapped in a liminal situation of permanent temporariness. To spend one’s life in such a limbo of disenfranchised destitute has particularly devastating consequences for children.

scholarly journals Description Relationship between Urban Space and Quality of Urban Life. A Geographical Approach

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1337
Author(s):  
František Petrovič ◽  
František Murgaš
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Concrete Form ◽  
Quality Of Urban Life ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The examination of the relationship between the construct of urban space and the construct of the quality of urban life is based on the knowledge that their common element is real physical space, i.e., the place. If the examination of the relationship between the two constructs is to be meaningful, then both must be on the same comparative basis—that means quality. The paper consists of two parts—the first part, which is theoretical, takes the form of conceptualization of urban space and the quality of urban life, including the identification of elements which affect them. The result of conceptualizing urban space into a qualitative form is liveability. The result of conceptualizing the quality of urban life is a holistic quality of life in the city, containing two domains—subjective and objective. The second part of the paper is the application of both constructs in a concrete form, based on measuring the values of these indicators and also the analysis of the results. The measurement takes the form of liveability on the one hand and of satisfaction with the place and/or satisfaction with the quality of urban life on the other hand.

The Camp

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Abourahme
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Refugee Camp ◽  
Global South ◽  
Political Control ◽  
Global North ◽  
Palestinian Refugee ◽  
The City

Abstract The figure of the camp towers over our present. Our planners find it indispensable. Our political grammar finds it unavoidable. Our very conceptions of “the city,” and its once stable inside/outside demarcations, find its challenge insuperable. Not only do more people and more categories of people inhabit camps than ever before, from refugees and migrants to the homeless and detainees, but the camp form today proliferates at the heart of urban space and across the global North/global South divide. Camps are no longer temporary sites of emergency management. They are a global logic of government, an enduring colonial technology at the heart of the response to the climate/border crisis. Taking up the example of the Palestinian refugee camp, this article argues that camps no longer teach us anything about legal exceptions; rather they underline the politics of inhabitation. Camps enact the collapse of the separation between life and politics by making the very fact of inhabitation in itself the basis of political control and contestation. If our world is becoming uninhabitable, the camp, the most common defense against racialized bodies moving to find a place to live, becomes the place where the very political stakes of inhabitation come to the fore.

scholarly journals Meta-Modern City: the Problem of Authenticity

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Stable Sets ◽  
Entire Object ◽  
The City

The aim of the article is to analyze the urban research paradigm that has developed at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries in the works of Western experts and the possibility to use it for domestic research. Methodologically, the author relies on the heritage of the Manchester sociological school, which effectively applied the concepts of actor-network theory to analyze the sociology of a city. The city is considered as a single object complex. Its main characteristics are contingent and contextual. The author analyzes the city as a derivative of stable sets of objects and networks of relations. A change in the components that make up a city leads to a change in the entire object. The article notes that in modern urbanism there is another way of classifying cities not according to the principle of geographical location, economic structure, or national identity, but according to the system of forming networks of relations. The author analyzes the linguistic metaphors system, which is used to describe urban space. The problems of metaphor, code and reading, perception of urban space in the form of text are analyzed. The concept of "language" and "text" allows you to create a system of describing a city as a complex phenomenon. In this case, the constructs "modern", "postmodern", "meta-modern" are presented as a system of grammar and punctuation for interpreting the phenomenon of the city. The article notes the difficulties of using the characteristics of a postmodernist and metamodernist city for domestic research. The author suggests that the development of the domestic city in the twentieth century took place according to the scenario of a more radical modernism. As a result, we got a post-Soviet city with a different rationality, which is combined with the modernist principles of architecture and urban planning. The article provides examples of the semiotic analysis of architectural objects. The author concludes that the mental image of the city restructures the physical space, turning it into a personalized network of human life relations.

scholarly journals The idea of zoopolis in contemporary architectural dimension

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00056
Author(s):  
Justyna Kleszcz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Space ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Art And Politics ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

In recent times, the idea of non-anthropocentric architecture has become one of the determinants of contemporary, conscious approach towards design as a process. Its characteristic feature is the extension of both, recognized as "urban" functions, as well as the group of recipients on which the created space is to interact. The direct connection between the notion of a city created by people (polis) and the animal world (zoo) was a long-lasting, multi-faceted process of broadening the meaning of animal subjectivity in culture, art and politics. The very concept of zoopolis, appearing for the first time in the work of Donaldson and Kymlicka in 2011, was initially applied to political science, in the context of places shared by man and domestic animals, where the city was understood as a political community of its inhabitants, including non-humans. In the sphere of creating physical space, this concept appeared for the first time two years later thanks to Jennifer Wolch. In terms of zoopolis, the urbanized space will be a set of parallel worlds in which both people and nature live in the same area, whose multiple layers only sometimes cross or overlap. The purpose of the work is to allow tracing the main determinants of the transformation process of contemporary policy from small point elements to systemic actions and identify the main features of a non-anthropocentric city as a place for the emergence of new functions and urban forms.

scholarly journals LUMINATO FESTIVAL: TORONTO’S ANSWER TO THE CRISIS OF SPACE AND PLACE FOR CITIZENS

eTopia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Broadcast Media ◽  
The Public ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Cultural Spaces ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The City

Dragan Klaic, a leading researcher on festivals in Europe, believes the new emerging purpose of festivals is that they"increasingly… are not just artistic packages with appealing and valued content but instruments to re-examine the urban dynamics, … within the city space.…[F]estivals challenge the habitual pathways and perceptions…. In the urban space, functionally dominated by housing and consumerism, festivals reaffirm the public sphere in its civic dimension, including polemic, debate, critique and collective passion for a certain art form or topic.… [F]estivals appear as a precious force to mark the perimeters of the public sphere, upgrade it by the concentration of creative gestures and their collective appreciation"(202-203).Klaic captures a theme of central importance, one that has been debated already within the context of broadcast media, the Internet and newspaper industry, but that still has yet to be thoroughly explored by theorists within the context of the cultural sphere of festivals: the public sphere. Specifically, because of the nature of festivals as a spatiotemporal event within the physical space of the city, and because political, socioeconomic as well as artistic-cultural spaces intersect the festival event, festivals areunique points of convergence in the context of the public sphere.

scholarly journals CRISIS OF URBAN IDENTITY: AMBIVALENCE OF VALUE GROUNDS AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
O.V. Sannikova
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
City Life ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Places Of Memory ◽  
City History ◽  
The City

The article discusses the problem of urban identity in the opposition between global and local processes in urban space. Urban identity is viewed as a type of individual’s social identity in relation to his/her affiliation to a certain urban community. The study of the causes and effects of the urban identity’s crisis is based on the notion of this identity as valuable and meaningful cohesion of individuals and urban community. The problem of urban identity is studied via the analysis of modern concepts of social change in urban space, related to mainstream of human resources, financial, material, information resources. The article indicates that the crisis of identity is represented in the potential loss of individual and personal links to the city, in the loss of affiliation to the place of living, in the vanishing demand for urban identity. The notions of retrospective and prospective urban identity are introduced to identify the ground to maintain urban identity. Retrospective urban identity is based on the existence of so-called “places of memory” in urban space that integrate physical space, fragments of collective memory and individual valuable attitude to this memory as the inclusion to the city history. Prospective urban identity rests on individual’s cohesion and affiliation to future states of urban community as a source of potential social options. Assessments of directions for social change are figured out in positive and negative prospective urban identity, which defines residents’ migration intentions and their active participation in the city life.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF URBAN SPACE IS THE FIRST STEP FOR FORMING A MODERN CITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Zavalniy ◽  
Maryna Kolosha
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The City

The analysis of the urban space is the first stage in the formation of a systemic understanding and creation of a more comfortable modern city. Historically, “city creation” occurs in accordance with the conditions and principles that exist at the time when the city was formed. Therefore, analyzing the existing structure of urban planning of territories, new parameters and characteristics are introduced, which should fully reflect the quality of urban space for its inhabitants in the current state. The analysis of urban space makes it possible to solve a specific problem or reorganize the urban structure to solve it. Therefore, the search for effective qualitative and quantitative models of analysis of the urban environment is an urgent task today. New methodologies and approaches to urban area analysis are emerging to fully explore this issue. A comprehensive analysis of the urban environment should take place in accordance with the morphology of the city, ie the study of the city through its perception by residents. In the beginning, it is necessary to consider the city as the interaction of its inhabitants with the physical space. The inhabitants of this city define the urban space and its function. This is the main indicator for further analysis and identification of the necessary characteristics in relation to space. The territory needs to be assessed, not only when significant changes are needed in the space for urban needs. A comprehensive analysis of the territory should be carried out with the accepted frequency, because the city is a dynamic system that changes the urban environment every day. Urban space is a system with multilevel connections that work together with each other, so the approach to a comprehensive assessment of urban space can not be simplified. 

Analogue x digital: Parallel techniques for design learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-244
Author(s):  
Linda Matthews ◽  
Samantha Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Design Development ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Design Learning ◽  
Pixel Array ◽  
The City ◽  
Effective Design ◽  
Parallel Techniques

Abstract With urban space under the ubiquitous scrutiny of digital visioning technologies, the city is now imaged by means of a pixel grid containing ephemeral, qualitative data presented as colour, brightness and shape. Unlike traditional analogue pictorial representational modes, the digital image is a highly transformable mechanism with an unstable distribution of data across its pixel array. As a consequence, representation in the form of spatial abstraction demands not only a new approach to the learning and implementation of traditional disciplinary drawing practice, but a rethinking of the alignment and cooperative nature of analogue and digital drawing models when applied to effective design development. In a pedagogical context, the transition of spatial representation between analogue and digital modes has profound implications for how the student connects seminal drawing and design processes to both the sensorial realm and the physical experience of lived space. This paper therefore explores the enhancement of tertiary learning in digital and abstract literacy through new drawing techniques. Underpinned by a new relationship between representation and envisioned physical space, the techniques are applied within learning environments in parallel with existing analogue pictorial procedures. By building curriculum for foundational students that provides a framework of linked spatial experiences aligned across analogue and digital domains and coupled with tasks focused on the development of conceptual thinking, it proposes increased student success in future studios and professional practice.

Emplacing Berlin: Digital Itineraries and Short-term Study Abroad in the City

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Apgar
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Study Abroad Programs ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
The City

As destination of choice for many short-term study abroad programs, Berlin offers students of German language, culture and history a number of sites richly layered with significance. The complexities of these sites and the competing narratives that surround them are difficult for students to grasp in a condensed period of time. Using approaches from the spatial humanities, this article offers a case study for enhancing student learning through the creation of digital maps and itineraries in a campus-based course for subsequent use during a three-week program in Berlin. In particular, the concept of deep mapping is discussed as a means of augmenting understanding of the city and its history from a narrative across time to a narrative across the physical space of the city. As itineraries, these course-based projects were replicated on site. In moving from the digital environment to the urban landscape, this article concludes by noting meanings uncovered and narratives formed as we moved through the physical space of the city.

Transnational Habitus and Sociability in the City: Zimbabwean Migrants’ Experiences in Johannesburg, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khangelani Moyo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Social Field ◽  
Transnational Migrants ◽  
Telephone Calls ◽  
The City

Drawing on field research and a survey of 150 Zimbabwean migrants in Johannesburg, this paper explores the dimensions of migrants’ transnational experiences in the urban space. I discuss the use of communication platforms such as WhatsApp and Facebook as well as other means such as telephone calls in fostering the embedding of transnational migrants within both the Johannesburg and the Zimbabwean socio-economic environments. I engage this migrant-embedding using Bourdieusian concepts of “transnational habitus” and “transnational social field,” which are migration specific variations of Bourdieu’s original concepts of “habitus” and “social field.” In deploying these Bourdieusian conceptual tools, I observe that the dynamics of South–South migration as observed in the Zimbabwean migrants are different to those in the South–North migration streams and it is important to move away from using the same lens in interpreting different realities. For Johannesburg-based migrants to operate within the socio-economic networks produced in South Africa and in Zimbabwe, they need to actively acquire a transnational habitus. I argue that migrants’ cultivation of networks in Johannesburg is instrumental, purposive, and geared towards achieving specific and immediate goals, and latently leads to the development and sustenance of flexible forms of permanency in the transnational urban space.

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