Axial Compression Behaviour Analysis of Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) Wall Panel with Fibre Cement Board

Nowadays, one of the fastest growing technique is an Insulated Concrete Form (ICF). It has advantages like cost-effective, less maintenance, soundproof, energy-efficient, waterproof and disaster-resistant. ICF wall panels are made by interlocking Fibre Cement Board (FCB) sheet which poured in placed concrete. In this study, the behaviour of the ICF wall panel under axial compression is examined with experimental and analytical methods. ICF wall panels cast with various thickness and dense FCB are tested under axial compression. ICF panels with 1.2gm3/cm dense FCB with changing width of 6mm and 10mm were casted for experimental analysis. The experiments were carried out in an universal testing machine with the capacity of 600 kN. The maximum peak load of 540 kN is observed in FCB of 10mm thick and the maximum displacement of 13mm is observed in FCB80 at the peak load. An analytical investigation is carried with Euler’s crippling load equation and an average variation of 12% is observed between analytical and experimental results. It is concluded that the ICF system of construction provides desirable plastic behaviour against axial compressive loading. Hence ICF is recommended for construction to get the maximum benefits of the wall while it reaches ultimate strain.

Can We Explain Cost Growth in Major Defense Acquisition Programs?

This question asked in this article is whether the shared intellectual property of the acquisition community includes an adequate theory of cost growth in major defense acquisition programs (MDAPs). This question is given concrete form by cost growth data for 123 MDAPs. These data are grouped into categories, which range from very small—negative, in fact—cost growth to cost growth in excess of 100%. Potential explanations for this broad range of cost growth considered are: the conventional wisdom about cost growth; a recent RAND study that closely examined cases at both ends of the distribution, along with some possible extensions of that study; and a recent model of the root causes of cost growth. The author argues that each of these falls short; in particular, it seems that the defense acquisition community at large does not have a good explanation of cost growth in the broad range of 30% to 100%.

Implementation of Compensation Claim's Mechanism through Pretrial for Error in Persona in the Criminal Justice System

An error in persona in the implementation of the criminal justice system is a type of destructive action by law enforcement officers that can cause harm to someone. The use of authority by investigators to arrest and detain and detention and prosecution by public prosecutors is a concrete form of persona error. This study focused on the mechanism of a compensation claim through pre-trial due to a persona error in implementing the criminal justice system and an impediment to the implementation of the pre-trial judge's decision on the granting of the compensation claim. The method used is normative and empirical juridical research. The results showed that the mechanism of a claim for compensation through pre-trial due to an error in person in implementing the criminal justice system was carried out fundamentally at the formulation stage. These formulations outlined in the Code Of Criminal Procedure (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana/ KUHAP) and Government Regulation Concerning Implementation of The Book of Criminal Procedure Law as a basis for the implementation of pre-trial and the application stage. The statutory factors of Decree of the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 983 / KMK.01 / 1983 (Keputusan Menteri Keuangan RI Nomor 983/KMK.01/1983) are an impediment in implementing the pre-trial judge's determination of the compensation claim because the regulation governs administrative procedures that are lengthy and involve government agencies.

Świadczenia dla działaczy opozycji antykomunistycznej i osób represjonowanych z powodów politycznych

The purpose of the study is to present the benefits for anti-communist opposition activists and persons repressed because of anti-communist activity normalized in the Act of 20 March 2015 on anti-communist opposition activists and persons repressed for political reasons. The regulation is a relatively new manifestation of the state’s historical and social policy in the field of social security of citizens fighting for the sovereignty and independence of the homeland, not discussed in much detail in the literature. As part of the introductory remarks, the paper points out the place of benefits for “oppositionists” in the social security system, their constitutional conditions, as well as the motives and goals that guided the legislator while passing the law. In the further part of the study, the subject and object scope of these benefits were indicated, particularly the criteria based on which notions of anti-communist opposition activist and person repressed for political reasons were defined. It was stressed that some manifestations of “opposition” activity are at the same time elements defining other categories of persons involved in the fight for sovereignty and independence of the homeland and that personal injury (its concrete form), as a rule, is not a constructional element of these concepts. Due to the limited scope of the study, only the legal regulation of financial benefits for “oppositionists” was analyzed in more detail. The description takes into account changes in the legal regulation of their catalog and the conditions of their use. The article assesses the adequacy of the adopted legal solutions to the assumed objectives of the benefits and comments formulated in the analysis of the concept of anti-communist opposition activist and person repressed for political reasons. The analysis leads to the conclusion that in the current legal state, the benefits for “oppositionists” are an expression of the legislator’s aspiration to exclude them from the group of social assistance recipients and to guarantee them support taking into account their merits for Poland. This support is a form of specific — “tailored to meet the needs of social security and the financial capabilities of the state” — partial compensation of damages, including those caused by the opposition, as well as non-material damage, even though its specific forms do not directly determine the subjective and objective prerequisites for determining the right to benefits. However, the omission of the family members of a deceased “oppositionist” from the group of entities entitled to benefits was regarded as dubious.

Description Relationship between Urban Space and Quality of Urban Life. A Geographical Approach

The examination of the relationship between the construct of urban space and the construct of the quality of urban life is based on the knowledge that their common element is real physical space, i.e., the place. If the examination of the relationship between the two constructs is to be meaningful, then both must be on the same comparative basis—that means quality. The paper consists of two parts—the first part, which is theoretical, takes the form of conceptualization of urban space and the quality of urban life, including the identification of elements which affect them. The result of conceptualizing urban space into a qualitative form is liveability. The result of conceptualizing the quality of urban life is a holistic quality of life in the city, containing two domains—subjective and objective. The second part of the paper is the application of both constructs in a concrete form, based on measuring the values of these indicators and also the analysis of the results. The measurement takes the form of liveability on the one hand and of satisfaction with the place and/or satisfaction with the quality of urban life on the other hand.

Madrasah Development through Trust Building at Mai Ma’arif Nu Teluk Purworkrto, Indonesia

This article describes the development of madrasah through trust-building at MI Ma'arif NU Teluk Purwokerto Selatan. Like one of the Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia, Madrasah has a strategic role in achieving national education goals. In its development, especially Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah, the quantity of private madrasah is higher than that of the public madrasah. It impacts the madrasah's existence, which will depend heavily on the community as the primary stakeholder and madrasah as a concrete form of community-based education. For this reason, it is necessary to have active community participation in developing competitive and quality madrasah, among others, through building trust. This research is qualitative-descriptive with a case study approach—data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results indicated that the development of MI Ma'arif NU Teluk through trust-building was used in several stages, namely through the development of the character of figures who were able to become role models for the community. The belief formed by these figures will stick in a person's memory and become a role model in his life. Trust building is also built through improving the quality of the madrasah, namely the madrasah program. The madrasah program is an effective means of creating external trust in madrasah. The madrasah program is in the national curriculum and the local content curriculum, simultaneously implemented at MI Ma'arif NU Teluk.

Component sequence and thermal mass effects on the transient thermal performance of concrete walls

The increased requirements of buildings to reduce energy use have highlighted the importance of accounting for all factors that influence energy use in buildings. One consideration that requires further study in the envelope design of concrete-based wall assemblies is the placement of the thermal mass layer. In this study, two thermally massive walls, Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) and tilt-up walls, with the same thermal resistance but different sequencing of layers are investigated. In addition, a wall made of a homogeneous insulation layer with an identical thermal resistance was considered to further investigate the thermal mass effect on the potential for energy savings. Results of the numerical simulations performed using COMSOL Multiphysics® software indicate that, for the transient scenarios investigated, thermal mass can contribute to shifting and dampening peak heating and cooling loads, as well as saving energy. Also, less intense fluctuations were observed in the heat fluxes when considering the ICF wall. Energy savings during the primary seasons (i.e. winters in Montreal and summers in Miami) are found to be marginal but the existence of a thermally massive layer considerably reduced the demands during secondary seasons i.e. summers in Montreal and winters in Miami.

Metonymy in scientific linguistic discourse

The purpose of the article was to show the features of the functioning of different types of metonymy in scientific linguistic discourse, which is understood as a verbalized epistemic situation common to the scientific sphere of communication, taken in the entire totality of linguistic and extralinguistic factors and enshrined in the form of texts (oral and written ones). The article deals with metonymy from the point of view of langue / parole: lexicalized metonymy in langue is a semantic transposition mechanism on contiguity and carries out a terminological nomination; discursive metonymy in parole becomes the result of syntagmatic contiguity of syntactic constructions. Linguistic metonymic terms are grouped by types of knowledge: declarative and procedural ones. The shifts of meaning between the logical terms “object”, “subject”, “general” and “specific”, “abstract” and “concrete”, “form”, “content”, etc., directed towards each other, are observed in metonymic terms of declarative type. Metonymy can reflect the processes due to the causality between adjacent objects. Transitional phenomena between lexicalized (linguistic) and discursive (speech) metonymy reflect those models that contain onyms; they are related to the designation of the subject of knowledge (linguist) and his scientific discovery.

Hate Speech, Symbolic Violence, and Racial Discrimination. Antigypsyism: What Responses for the Next Decade?

This paper aims to fulfill a double objective: on the one hand, to explain how hate speech works as a mechanism of racialization towards the Roma, resulting in a concrete form of symbolic violence. On the other hand, to analyze the most relevant institutional responses to fight against antigypsyism, looking at the new EU Roma Framework 2020–2030 with a special attention on the recent developments in Spain. The paper discusses the fact that a focus on symbolic violence and more concretely on hate speech would produce considerably differing approaches to Roma inclusion policies. The paper is divided into three sections: the first section will conceptually address the notions of “antigypsyism”, “racial discrimination”, “symbolic violence”, and “hate speech”. The second section will present and contextualize a series of illustrative cases of antigypsyist hate speech in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. The third section will examine the most relevant legislative and policy initiatives adopted to fight against antigypsyism. The paper will wrap up with a discussion and some conclusions on the functioning of hate speech as a symbolic mechanism of racialization; and its capacity to articulate moral hierarchies and social divisions among the Roma and the rest of society.