scholarly journals Latin American states cooperation with the United States of America and the European Union

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
E. R. Novitskiy
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Latin American Region ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Latin American Countries

Both the political and economic role of the Latin American region has increased significantly in the modern world. The largest Latin American countries have emerged as major regional players. In this regard, the analysis of the current foreign policy relations of the region is of particular interest and relevance for this research. Many key actors in the international arena are now paying increasing attention to the region. For a long time, the main partners of Latin American countries in various fields have been the USA and the European Union (EU), which have long historical ties with the region. However, against the backdrop of increased interest in the region on the part of other major international players, in particular China, the positions of both the US and the EU may have been weakened.

scholarly journals Latin American regionalism and trade agreements with the European Union: experiences and approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-425
Author(s):  
Violetta M. Tayar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Interregional Trade ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
The Eu

The article deals with the issues of trade cooperation between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC). The characteristics of interregional trade are presented, and trade interaction between the EU and the subregional blocks of the LAC is analyzed. The author shows that Latin American regionalism predetermines the EU's approaches to trade and economic cooperation with LAC. Despite the fact that Latin American integration format differs from the European model, the EU countries manage to maintain trade and economic relations with subregional associations and particular Latin American countries, despite the growing competition in this region from the United States and China.

scholarly journals Extra-regional aspects of Uruguay’s foreign policy (2010-2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Irina Kireeva
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Latin American Countries

The article analyses extraregional aspects of Uruguay’s foreign policy during the presidency of José Mujica (2010-2015), namely the development of relations between Uruguay and the USA, the European Union, Russia and countries of Asia and Middle East such as China, India, Iran, Palestine and Israel. This aspect of Uruguayan foreign policy is particularly relevant amid the crisis in Mercosur, when Uruguay is trying to mitigate its adverse consequences for the country’s economy by expanding trade ties with the other countries, both within Latin America and beyond it. The relations between Uruguay and Latin American countries are touched upon in some investigations while Uruguay’s active foreign policy in other regions isn’t studied at all

Russian Federation and the United States of America: geostrategic directions to manage the Ukrainian crisis

2019 ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Attarid Awadh Abdulhameed
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
National Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
Zero Sum

Ukrainia Remains of huge importance to Russian Strategy because of its Strategic importance. For being a privileged Postion in new Eurasia, without its existence there would be no logical resons for eastward Expansion by European Powers.  As well as in Connection with the progress of Ukrainian is no less important for the USA (VSD, NDI, CIA, or pentagon) and the European Union with all organs, and this is announced by John Kerry. There has always ben Russian Fear and Fear of any move by NATO or USA in the area that it poses a threat to  Russians national Security and its independent role and in funence  on its forces especially the Navy Forces. There for, the Crisis manyement was not Zero sum game, there are gains and offset losses, but Russia does not accept this and want a Zero Sun game because the USA. And European exteance is a Foot hold in Regin Which Russian sees as a threat to its national security and want to monopolize control in the strategic Qirim.

scholarly journals 5G and its Implications in the Economic Relations between China and European Countries, with a Special Focus on Italy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Melania Petrillo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
5G Network ◽  
The Usa ◽  
State Of Affairs

The economic relations between China and the European countries are tightened by an intensive interdependence in different sectors, mainly trades and services, but decades of successful relations could be affected by the pressure risen around the development of the 5G network. Recently, the development of the technology of the future, 5G network, is having a certain effect on the relations among those countries that joined the race for the leading global position. The major players in this geopolitical, technological, and economic affair are China and the USA, therefore, Europe plays an important role as well. These occurrences may increase not only the strategic suppleness of powers like China, India, the United States, and the European Union, but also the weight of nourishing alignments and fruitful partnerships. This research takes into consideration two fundamental elements to analyze this state of affairs: the economic interdependence between China and the European countries, and the protection of cybersecurity.

scholarly journals Canada-EU relations in political sphere

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
O. M. Antokhiv-Skolozdra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The United States ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Sphere

The article considers the peculiarities of formation and development of relations between Canada and the European Union in political sphere. It points out that the common essence of approaches to modern international relations serves as a potential basis for building bilateral cooperation on the issues of establishing political cooperation. In the course of research on Canada’s foreign policy it was noted that there is a number of features that are due to both internal context and external factors. In particular, it refers the peculiar nature of Canadian statehood, the existence of two linguistic communities, geographical location, and immediate neighborhood with the United States. It emphasizes the similarity of Canada’s positions with the approaches of European countries to solving a number of problems of modern world development. The importance of maintaining the transatlantic connection is among the significant issues. At the same time, it should be taken into account that there are peculiarities of establishing and maintaining relations between Canada and the European Union. On the one hand these are the relations with a strong multinational association and on the other – with each individual member state. It is noted that, despite the long historical tradition in the relationship, the potential for cooperation between Canada and the EU is only partially used. It highlights the need for Canada to reach a new level in its relations with the European Union, provided that it maintains close relations with the United States of America. Areas of mutual interest, as well as problematic aspects of negotiations on a strategic partnership agreement between Canada and the European Union have been identified. Although Canada–EU relations are bilateral, they are evolving in a broader international context. It is analyzed that Canada can be a valuable partner for the European Union in the field of international relations. This country should strive to be involved in the preparation of important international decisions in order to build common positions and ensure a sufficient level of coordination between the parties.

scholarly journals Transregionalism in relations between Latin America and the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-B) ◽  
pp. 297-304
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Andreevna Vinogradova ◽  
Marina Vladimirovna Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
The Eu

Nowadays the globalized world faces new challenges, for instance, trade and economic contradictions between the main actors of the world politics (the USA and China, the USA and the EU). Amid this situation, Latin America could play the card, add momentum to the cross-regional contacts and considerably benefit from it. Fostering relations with the EU serves the national interests of Latin American countries, since the EU investment and technologies can be the tools to modernize the economy. The EU is the leader in implementing harmonization between regions. The relations between the EU and Latin America can be considered as a model of hybrid interregionalism. While bilateral relations or the ties of the EU with subregional integration associations remain strong, the relations between the EU and the entire Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) region are still underdeveloped, and countries have been trying to rectify it recently.

scholarly journals Protección de datos y privacidad. Estudio comparado del concepto y su desarrollo entre la Unión Europea y Estados Unidos

2020 ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itziar Sobrino García
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Normative Development ◽  
The Usa

En el presente estudio se realiza un análisis del concepto legal de protección datos tanto a nivel normativo en la Unión Europa como en Estados Unidos, al igual que una breve visión de su evolución legislativa. El largo desarrollo teórico y normativo que ha habido en la Unión Europea deja entrever la importancia de la identidad digital de sus ciudadanos, mientras que la legislación norteamericana, más esparcida y sectorial, revela la fuerza que otorga al libre flujo de datos entre las entidades mercantiles. La importancia del presente estudio reside en que la comprensión de la concepción sobre la protección de datos en ambos sistemas, permitirá tener una mejor perspectiva sobre las debilidades y fortalezas que puedan existir en los acuerdos entre la Unión Europea y EE. UU. In the present study, an analysis of data protection as a legal concept is carried out in the European Union and in the United States, as well as a brief overview of its legislative evolution. The theoretical and normative development that has taken place in the European Union reveals the importance of the digital identity of its citizens. Nevertheless, due to the characteristics of the American legislation, the free flow of data between entities has more strength. The importance of this study lies in the fact that the understanding of the data protection concept in both systems will allow us to have a better perspective on the weaknesses and strengths that may exist in the agreements for the transfer of personal data between the European Union and the USA.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of the information duties in Belgian and American occupational pensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-63
Author(s):  
Marjolein Denys ◽  
David Pratt ◽  
Yves Stevens
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Occupational Pension ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Occupational Pensions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Right

Both the United States of America and Belgium attach great importance to communication duties in occupational pensions. Several legal sources in both countries provide the right to be informed to participants. The legislation in both countries seeks to ensure accurate, correct, transparent and understandable communication. Despite this resemblance, there are some differences in communication. The countries can learn from one another. Based on a theoretical framework developed in and for the European Union, the communication rights and duties in the USA and Belgium are analysed. This analysis leads to a better understanding of the different legal responsibilities, transparency rules, simplification efforts and technical correctness of the types of occupational pension information analyzed.

Do Trade Agreements Contribute to the Decline in Labor Share? Evidence from Latin American Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín González Rozada ◽  
Hernán Ruffo
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Donor Pool ◽  
Labor Share ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Latin American Countries

In this paper, we explore the role of trade in the evolution of labor share in Latin American countries. We use trade agreements with large economies (the United States, the European Union, and China) to capture the effect of sharp changes in trade. In the last two decades, labor share has displayed a negative trend among those countries that signed trade agreements, while in other countries labor share increased, widening the gap by 7 percentage points. We apply synthetic control methods to estimate the average causal impact of trade agreements on labor share. While effects are heterogeneous in our eight case studies, the average impact is negative between 2 to 4 percentage points of GDP four years after the entry into force of the trade agreements. This result is robust to the specification used and to the set of countries in the donor pool. We also find that, after trade agreements, exports of manufactured goods and the share of industry in GDP increase on average, most notably in the case studies where negative effects on labor share are significant. A decomposition shows that all the reduction in labor share is explained by a negative impact on real wages.

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