Determination of cytogenetic and epigenetic effects of manganese and copper on Zea mays L.

Heavy metal accumulation and its possible effects are prominent problem for not only human health but also for the environment and plant systems due to that heavy metals are non-biodegradable. In this research, it was aimed to examine the impacts of heavy metals on toxicity and genotoxicity in maize. Seeds of corn were subjected to various concentrations of MnSO4 and CuSO4 for determining their effects on DNA methylation, DNA damage levels, protein and phytohormone alterations. The results revealed that an increase in copper and manganese concentrations causes decrease in soluble protein levels, genomic template stability (GTS) and mitotic index but causes an increase in RAPD profile alterations and DNA hypermethylation. Additionally, HPLC analyses show that CuSO4 and MnSO4 contamination reduces growth-promoting hormones, like gibberellic acid (GA), zeatin (ZA) and indole acetic acid (IAA), and increases the abscisic acid (ABA). This study obviously indicated that CuSO4 and MnSO4 have epigenetic and genotoxic effects. A decrease in the phytohormone level (ZA, GA, and IAA) and an increase in the ABA level under CuSO4 and MnSO4 are thought to be a part of the defense system of maize to struggle with stress.

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Elemental Profile of Heavy Metals in Garden cress, Coriander, Lettuce and Spinach, Commonly Cultivated in Kahrizak, South of Tehran- Iran

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2018-0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 32-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mohammad Kazem Souri ◽

Neda Alipanahi ◽

Mansoure Hatamian ◽

Mohammad Ahmadi ◽

Tsehaye Tesfamariam

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Heavy Metal Concentration ◽

Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Garden Cress ◽

Metal Concentrations ◽

Heavy Metal Concentrations

Abstract Heavy metal accumulation in vegetable tissues often poses a great risk for human health. In the present study, accumulation of heavy metal in green leafy vegetable crops of coriander, garden cress, lettuce and spinach were evaluated under waste water irrigation in fields located in Kahrizak, on the southern edge of the metropolitan city of Tehran, Iran. Atomic absorption spectrophotometery was used for determination of heavy metal concentrations in leaf tissue. The results showed that heavy metal concentrations in soil and irrigation water were significantly high than allowable levels. Analysis of plant leaf tissue showed that spinach and garden cress accumulated higher concentrations of heavy metals compared to coriander and lettuce plants. Central leaves of lettuce showed the lowest heavy metal concentration compared to outer leaves or leaves of other vegetable crops, and can be the safer product for fresh consumption. The results indicate that the vegetables produced in the region are not suitable for fresh consumption and the agricultural activities should change towards ornamental or industrial crops production.

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ROLE OF RHIZOBACTERIA IN PHYTOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS

Journal of Humanities, Social and Management Sciences (JHSMS) ◽

10.54112/bcsrj.v2020i1.35 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

Author(s):

N Nadeem ◽

R Asif ◽

S Ayyub ◽

S Salman ◽

F Shafique ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽

Plant Tolerance ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Nickel Lead

Rhizobacteria, a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) as beneficial microorganism which helps in defense from abiotic and abiotic stresses, colonizes in rhizosphere and played a major role in promoting plant growth and also provides enhance soil fertility. In the highly contaminated soil, the content of metal exceeds the limits of plant tolerance. It is also possible that treatment of plant with PGPR, here increasing the biomass of plant, stabilizing and the remediation of metal polluted soil. The use of rhizobacteria plays and important role in increasing the tolerance of plant towards toxic effects of heavy metals like arsenic, sulphur, mercury, chromium, cadmium, nickel, lead and copper etc. Heavy metal accumulation results in deterioration of soil fertility while PGPR helps to restore soil fertility. The process of phytoremediation has been proved to be the best way to remediate heavy metals from soil. The use of rhizobacteria with plants provides highly efficiency phytoremediation. However, there is still need to understanding the concept of microbial ecological study in rhizosphere and mechanism of detoxification of heavy metals form rhizosphere.

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Assessment of Heavy Metals in Guinea Sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Cultivated on Fadama Soils in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International ◽

10.9734/jaeri/2020/v21i330135 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 34-42

Author(s):

P. H. Bukar ◽

M. A. Onoja ◽

J. A. Audu ◽

M. U. Saidu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽

Dry Season ◽

Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽

River Bank ◽

The People ◽

Cobalt Iron ◽

Study Sites

River Ngadda is one of the main sources of water used by the resident of Maiduguri Metropolis The proximity of the people to the river encourages a lot of irrigation farming along the river bank during the dry season especially vegetables therefore, concentration values of heavy metals namely Aluminum, Cobalt, Iron, Lanthanum, Manganese, Chromium, Rubidium, Scandium, Samarium, Thorium, Vanadium and Zinc were determined in Guinea Sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa) vegetable samples obtained at six different locations on different dry season farming (Fadama) sites along the bank of river Ngadda and Alau dam in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) technique which is a sensitive method for determination of major, minor and trace element in a matrix was used to assessed the heavy metal accumulation levels in Guinea Sorrel with the aim to establish the food safety status from heavy metals concentration levels for guinea sorrel cultivated along the bank of river Ngadda and Alau dam and consumed on a daily basis as compared to WHO/FAO recommended maximum permissible limit (MPL) for edible vegetables. The result obtained showed that the concentration values of Al ranged from 932 ± 18 to 3369 ± 54 ppm, Co 0 .12 ± 0.03 to 40 ± 4 ppm, La 1.00 ± 0.03 ppm to 38 ± 4 ppm, Manganese 112 ± 0.4 to 176 ± 1 ppm, Rubidium 4 ± 0.5 to 21 ± 1ppm, Sc 0.10 ± 0.007 to 27 ± 1 ppm Sm 0.106 ± 0.004 to 17.2 ± 0.4 ppm, V 1.10 ± 0.3 to 4 ± 1 ppm and Zn 17 ± 3 to 63 ± 4 ppm, and Fe 379 ± 33 ppm to 2316 ± 65 ppm. This result indicates that the maximum concentrations of Fe, Cr, Mn and Co, in guinea sorrel from most of the sites were above the acceptable limits given by FAO/WHO for edible vegetables. Therefore, it is certain that there is the health risk associated with the continuous consumption of guinea sorrel vegetables cultivated from the study site and authors of this work hereby recommends that investigation of this kind should be carried out from time to time so as to know the buildup or otherwise of heavy metals in guinea sorrel cultivated in the study sites.

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EVALUATION OF PHYTO-EXTRACTION POTENTIALS AND PERFORMANCE OF FALSE SESAME (CERATOTHECA SESAMOIDES) UNDER INDUCED SOIL POLLUTION BY AUTOMOBILE LUBRICANT IN SAVANNA ECOREGION

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i11.2017.2368 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 355-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Babajide ◽

Popoola ◽

Gbadamosi ◽

Oyedele ◽

Liasu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Crop Production ◽

Metal Accumulation ◽

Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Polluted Soils ◽

Spent Engine Oil

While strategizing towards achieving improved soil fertility for sustainable tropical crop production, timely application of fertilizers on regular basis alone is not the University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria best approach, particularly on polluted soils. However, seeking for reliable natural, biological and environment friendly means of ensuring effective riddance of toxic elements or heavy metals from tropical agricultural soils is equally a worthwhile technology. An open-field potted experiment was conducted during early raining season of 2016 (March-July), at the Teaching and Research Farms of Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, to investigate the effect of spent engine oil polluted soil conditions on performance and heavy metal accumulation potentials of Ceratothecasesamoides. Spent engine oil was applied at different concentrations (0.0ml, 50.0ml, 100.0ml, 150.0ml, and 200.0ml to each pot containing 7kg soil. Four pots per treatments were used. The trial was arranged in Completely Randomised Design (CRD), replicated three (3) times. Data were collected on growth parameters (number of leaves, plant height, stem girth, leaf length and leaf breadth). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to the means. Pre and post-cropping soil analyses were carried out, for determination of nutrient concentrations. Also, after the termination of the experiment, plant samples were collected from each of the pots for oven-drying followed by determination of nutrient concentrations (including the heavy metals). Oil pollution significantly affected growth and heavy metal accumulation of the test-crop. Growth decreases with increasing rate of lubricant application, while the heavy metal concentrations in the test-crop increased with increasing concentrations of the applied spent engine oil. Thus, Ceratothecasesamoides is a wild plant which could be easily exploited for its heavy metals hyper-accumulative or phyto-extractive potentials, so as to reclaim heavy metals polluted soils from toxicity, for sustainable crop production.

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