Screening of Pseudomonas sp. isolated from rhizosphere of pea plant as plant growth promoter and biocontrol agent

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Rashmi Nigam ◽  
A. K. Sharma ◽  
Joginder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a heterogeneous group of bacteria that are found in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane which can improve plant growth. Pseudomonas spp. is one of the most promising groups of PGPR which can control plant pathogenic microbes in the soil. In this study, an attempt was made to isolate Pseudomonas spp., a potent PGPR in the rhizosphere. Through appropriate microbiological and biochemical methods, the study demonstrated the presence of fluorescent and nonfluorescent Pseudomonads in the rhizosphere of pea. 12 different strains of Pseudomonas were isolated from pea rhizosphere and identified by biochemical tests. Out of these strains five were screened against wilt and root rot pathogens of pea. Antagonistic activity of Pseudomonas isolates were evaluated against wilt and root rots pathogens i.e. Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum through dual culture technique. The study exhibited that all Pseudomonas strains significantly inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum as compared to control. Among all the Pseudomonas isolates Ps5 showed maximum inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum. Augmentation of such PGPR will ensure a healthy micro climate for pea.

scholarly journals Variovorax sp. Has an Optimum Cell Density to Fully Function as a Plant Growth Promoter

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyungerel Natsagdorj ◽  
Hisayo Sakamoto ◽  
Dennis Santiago ◽  
Christine Santiago ◽  
Yoshitake Orikasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Plant Growth Promoter ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Utilization of plant growth-promoting bacteria colonizing roots is environmentally friendly technology instead of using chemicals in agriculture, and understanding of the effects of their colonization modes in promoting plant growth is important for sustainable agriculture. We herein screened the six potential plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from Beta vulgaris L. (Rhizobium sp. HRRK 005, Polaromonas sp. HRRK 103, Variovorax sp. HRRK 170, Mesorhizobium sp. HRRK 190, Streptomyces sp. HRTK 192, and Novosphingobium sp. HRRK 193) using a series of biochemical tests. Among all strains screened, HRRK 170 had the highest potential for plant growth promotion, given its ability to produce plant growth substances and enzymes such as siderophores and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, respectively, concomitantly with active growth in a wider range of temperatures (10–30 °C) and pH (5.0–10.0). HRRK 170 colonized either as spots or widely on the root surface of all vegetable seedlings tested, but significant growth promotion occurred only in two vegetables (Chinese cabbage and green pepper) within a certain cell density range localized in the plant roots. The results indicate that HRRK 170 could function as a plant growth promoter, but has an optimum cell density for efficient use.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Cow Urine as Plant Growth Enhancer and Antifungal Agent

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Jandaik ◽  
Preeti Thakur ◽  
Vikas Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Nutritional Effect ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Poison Food Technique

The present study was conducted to determine antifungal activity of three different concentrations (5, 10, and 15%) of cow urine against three fungal pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, andSclerotium rolfsii) isolated from infected plants of Methi and Bhindi that showed symptoms of damping off and wilting disease by poison food technique. The extent of growth of test fungi in plates poisoned with cow urine was lesser when compared with the control plates. Among these concentrations cow urine at 15% concentration was most effective. When the three fungal organisms were compared, maximum growth suppression was observed inFusarium oxysporum(78.57%) at 15% concentration of cow urine followed byRhizoctonia solani(78.37%) andSclerotium rolfsii(73.84%). Finally we concluded that the cow urine has antifungal activities and the inhibitory activity can be used in the control of fungi. The nutritional effect of cow urine on plant growth was also tested withTrigonella foenum-graecum(Methi) andAbelmoschus esculentus(Bhindi) plants and the chlorophyll and protein content was also estimated.

scholarly journals Utilisation d'une souche indigène de Trichoderma harzianum contre cinq agents pathogènes chez le concombre et la tomate de serre au Québec

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Caron ◽  
L. Laverdière ◽  
P.O. Thibodeau ◽  
R.R. Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Pythium Ultimum

Le potentiel antagoniste du biofongicide à base de Trichoderma harzianum MAUL-20, isolé au Québec, a été testé contre cinq agents telluriques phytopathogènes(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL), Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum et Verticillium dahliae) du concombre et de la tomate de serre. Le biofongicide a démontré une efficacité contre P. ultimum et R. solani chez le concombre et la tomate et contre FORL chez la tomate. De plus, T. harzianum MAUL-20 a eu un effet stimulant sur le développement des plants de concombre lorsque cultivés, sans agents pathogènes, dans un substrat organique alimenté du biofongicide. L'efficacité de T. harzianum MAUL-20 a été comparée à celle du biofongicide américain Rootshield™ (Trichoderma harzianum KRL-AG2) et le premier a démontré une activité antagoniste égale ou supérieure à celle de Rootshield™.

Role of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activities produced by a fluorescent pseudomonad and in vitro inhibition of Phytophthora capsici and Rhizoctonia solani

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Kumar Arora ◽  
Min Jeong Kim ◽  
Sun Chul Kang ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonad ◽  
Antifungal Metabolites ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas

A study was conducted to investigate the possibility of involvement of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase of an antagonistic fluorescent Pseudomonas in growth suppression of phytopathogenic fungi, Phytophthora capsici and Rhizoctonia solani . Fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates GRC3 and GRC4 were screened for their antifungal potential against phytopathogenic fungi by using dual culture technique both on solid and liquid media. The percent inhibition was calculated. Various parameters were monitored for optimization of enzyme activities by fluorescent Pseudomonas GRC3. The involvement of chitinases, β-1,3-glucanases, and antifungal metabolites of nonenzymatic nature was correlated with the inhibition of P. capsici and R. solani. The results provide evidence for antibiosis as a mechanism for antagonism. The study also confirms that multiple mechanisms are involved in suppressing phytopathogens as evidenced by the involvement of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in inhibition of R. solani but not P. capsici by isolate GRC3.

Root-rot resistance in common bean

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Tu ◽  
S. J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Growth Room

A bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) line, A - 300, resistant to Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum was introduced into Ontario from Colombia. The results of tests conducted in a root-rot nursery, in a greenhouse and in a growth room showed that this bean line is resistant to Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli and Pythium ultimum. Key words: Bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, root rot resistance

Fish effluents promote root growth and suppress fungal diseases in tomato transplants

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Gravel ◽  
Martine Dorais ◽  
Dipa Dey ◽  
Grant Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Nutrient Value

Gravel, V., Dorais, M., Dey, D. and Vandenberg, G. 2015. Fish effluents promote root growth and suppress fungal diseases in tomato transplants. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 427–436. Aquaculture systems generate large amounts of wastes which may constitute a beneficial amendment for horticultural crop in terms of nutrients, plant growth promoter and disease suppressiveness. This study aimed to determine (1) the nutrient value of rainbow trout farming effluents coming from two feed regimes and (2) the plant growth and disease suppressiveness effects of those fish farming effluents on tomato transplants. The effluent sludge from Skretting Orient™ (SO) had a higher content of P (38 vs. 32 mg L−1), K (23 vs. 11 mg L−1), N (19 vs. to 11 mg NO3 L−1; 186 vs. 123 mg NH4 L−1), and a higher NO3:NH4 ratio (1:9 vs. 1:13) compared with the Martin Classic (MC), while MC was richer in Mg (42 vs. 24 mg L−1) and Ca (217 vs. 169 mg L−1). For the first trial, a stimulating effect of the fish effluent was observed on plant height, leaf area and root dry biomass, while only the root biomass was increased during the second trial. Fish sludge was rich in microorganisms (97 and 142 µg fluorescein h−1 mL−1 for SO and MC, respectively) and their ability to suppress Pythium ultimum Trow and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyder & Hansen was observed. Both crude fish effluents reduced in vitro mycelial growth of P. ultimum and F. oxysporum, by 100 and 32%, respectively, while MC effluents showed a higher inhibition against F. oxysporum. When fish effluents were sterilized by filtration or autoclaving, lower in vitro inhibition of P. ultimum and F. oxysporum was observed. Mixed fish effluents reduced tomato plant root colonization by P. ultimum (by up to 5.7-fold) and F. oxysporum (by up to 2.1-fold). These results showed that fish effluent can be used as soil amendments to promote plant growth and increase soil suppressiveness, which in turn can prevent soil-borne diseases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of health state and growth of Gypsophila paniculata L. and Gypsophila repens L. groving in soil in variable fertilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Warner ◽  
Wojciech Antkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Health State ◽  
Gypsophila Paniculata ◽  
Npk Fertilization

The influence of NPK fertilization on plant growth and roots yield of <i>Gypsophila paniculata</i> and <i>Gypsophila repens</i> was investigated. The nutrients were applied in different proportions. The health state of <i>Gypsophila</i> was also analyzed. The pathogens isolated from plants showing the diseases symptoms represented eight species: <i>Alternaria dianthicola</i> Neergaard; <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> (Fr.) Sacc.; <i>Fusarium culmorum</i> (W. G.Smith) Sacc.; <i>F.equiseti</i> (Cola) Sacc.; <i>F.oxysporum</i> Schlecht., Snyder et Hansen; <i>F.sambucinum</i> Fuck; <i>Phytophthora</i> sp. de Bary; <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> K. Fusarium oxysporum and other species of fungi were isolated from <i>Gypsophila paniculata</i>, whilst from Gypsophila repens only <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> was obtained.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EFFICACY OF PGPR PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO CAUSED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vignesh ◽  
K. Rajamohan ◽  
P. Balabaskar ◽  
R. Anandan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Percent Inhibition

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important, commercial and widely grown vegetable crop in the world. Tomato plays a critical role in nutritional food requirements, income and employment opportunities for the people. However, its production is threatened by the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and production losses between 30%to40%. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the in vitro efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. The antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens were observed by the Dual culture technique and Agarwell method under the in vitro conditions.Among the ten isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens, isolate Pf5 found to show the maximum percent inhibition over control (58.75%) and least mycelial growth (37.12mm) in dual culture technique against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. In Agar well method isolate Pf5 proved out the maximum inhibition zone (17.47mm)against Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. lycopersici and percent inhibition over control (80.97%) at 30% concentration level.

scholarly journals Χαρακτηρισμός του Bacillus subtilis MBI600 ως παράγοντα βιολογικής καταπολέμησης φυτοπαθογόνων και επαγωγής της ανάπτυξης φυτών

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Αναστάσιος Σαμαράς
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Pr Proteins ◽  
Illumina Hiseq

Η χρήση ωφέλιμων μικροοργανισμών στην σύγχρονη γεωργία δεν αποτελεί πλέον εξαίρεση αλλά είναι απαραίτητη σε όλες τις καλλιεργητικές στρατηγικές. Τα ωφέλιμα ριζοβακτήρια αποτελούν ένα σημαντικό μέρος των εμπορικών σκευασμάτων, εξαιτίας της ικανότητας τους να προωθούν την ανάπτυξη των φυτών και να είναι αποτελεσματικά έναντι παθογόνων μικροοργανισμών. Βακτήρια που ανήκουν στο γένος Bacillus, αποτελούν την πλειοψηφία των μικροοργανισμών που διατίθενται εμπορικά ως παράγοντες βιολογικής καταπολέμησης ασθενειών των φυτών. Το εμπορικό σκεύασμα Serifel® , εμπεριέχει τον βιολογικό παράγοντα BacillussubtilisMBI600 (BsMBI600), και στην παρούσα διατριβή παρουσιάζεται μια συστηματική καταγραφή των μηχανισμών δράσης του συγκεκριμένου ωφέλιμου μικροοργανισμού. Για την καλύτερη κατανόηση των μηχανισμών δράσης του BsMBI600, πραγματοποιήθηκε αλληλούχιση του γονιδιώματος του μικροοργανισμού με Illumina HiSeq X. Τα αποτελέσματα της ανάλυσης ανέδειξαν γονίδια που σχετίζονται με την παραγωγή ουσιών που δρουν ως σήματα επικοινωνίας με τα φυτά-ξενιστές, οδηγώντας σε επιτυχημένο αποικισμό των ριζών. Επιπλέον, ταυτοποιήθηκαν γονίδια που σχετίζονται με την ικανότητα των βιολογικών παραγόντων να αυξάνουν την διαθεσιμότητα των θρεπτικών στοιχείων των φυτών, αλλά και την παραγωγή φυτοορμονών που οδηγούν στην προαγωγή της ανάπτυξης των φυτών. Τέλος, ταυτοποιήθηκαν γονίδια που σχετίζονται με την παραγωγή αντιμικροβιακών ουσιών, στο γονιδίωμα το BsMBI600.H ικανότητα αποικισμού του BsMBI600 σε ρίζες φυτών τομάτας και αγγουριάς, μελετήθηκε σε διαφορετικά υποστρώματα ανάπτυξης. Βακτηριακά κύτταρά του στελέχους, μετασχηματίσθηκαν με την εισαγωγή μια κίτρινης φθορίζουσας πρωτεΐνης, με τον τρόπο της φυσικής ιδιότητας των βακτηρίων να επιτρέπουν την εισαγωγή ξένων μορίων μέσα στο κύτταρο τους (naturaltransformation). Τα μετασχηματισμένα στελέχη του BsMBI600, μελετήθηκαν με την χρήση ανεστραμμένου φθορίζοντος μικροσκοπίου, και καταγράφηκε ο επιφυτικός αποικισμός 48 ώρες μετά την εφαρμογή. Εν συνεχεία, καταγράφθηκε η ικανότητα αποικισμού σε διαφορετικά υποστρώματα ανάπτυξης (κύβοι υδροπονίας, 2 τύποι εδαφών και αποστειρωμένο σύστημα). Ο βιολογικός παράγοντας BsMBI600, κατάφερε να αποικίσει το ριζικό σύστημα των 2 ξενιστών σε όλα τα υποστρώματα, με μεγάλες διακυμάνσεις στην διάρκεια και στην επιβίωση βακτηριακών κυττάρων, οδηγώντας στο συμπέρασμα, πως το εδαφικό υπόστρωμα παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στην ικανότητα αποικισμού.Η ικανότητα του BsMBI 600 να προάγει την ανάπτυξη των φυτών αλλά και να ελέγχει σημαντικά παθογόνα των 2 ξενιστών, επιβεβαιώθηκε από ένα σύνολο πειραμάτων που πραγματοποιήθηκαν. Εφαρμογές με τον βιολογικό παράγοντα, οδήγησαν σε φυτά που παρουσίασαν αύξηση σε διάφορους παράγοντες (μήκος στελέχους και ρίζας, φωτοσύνθεση κ.α.). Η βιολογική δράση του έναντι φυτοπαθογόνων μικροοργανισμών επιβεβαιώθηκε τόσο με invitro πειράματα, όσο και με πειράματα σε φυτοδοχεία. Ο BsMBI600 μείωσε την εμφάνιση και την ένταση σημαντικών ασθενειών που προκαλούνται από τα παθογόνα Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, P. Aphanidernatum,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici -Forl, F. oxysporum f.sp. radicis cucumerinum- Forc, και Botrytiscinerea. Μέρος των μηχανισμών που εμπλέκονται στην επαγωγή της ανάπτυξης και της άμυνας των φυτών μελετήθηκαν με ανάλυση της έκφρασης γονιδίων σε φυτά αγγουριάς και τομάτας που δέχθηκαν εφαρμογή με τον BsMBI600. Οι μετρήσεις της γονιδιακής έκφρασης έδειξαν την ενεργοποίηση γονιδίων που σχετίζονται με την άμυνα του φυτού έναντι φυτοπαθογόνων μικροοργανισμών (PR-proteins, POD, GluA). Επίσης καταγράφηκε υπερέκφραση γονιδίων που σχετίζονται με παραγωγή ουσιών όπως αιθυλένιο, ιασμονικο οξύ και κινάσες, που είναι γνωστό ότι λειτουργούν ως σήματα της επαγωγής διασυστηματικής αντοχής. Τέλος, καταγράφηκε υπερέκφραση γονιδίων που σχετίζονται με την παραγωγή φυτοορμονών, οδηγώντας στο συμπέρασμα πως η εφαρμογή με τον βιολογικό παράγοντα συμβάλει στην επαγωγή της ανάπτυξης των φυτών τομάτας και αγγουριάς μέσω της ενεργοποίησης παραγωγής ενδογενών φυτοορμονών. Τέλος μελετήθηκε η αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ του βιολογικού παράγοντα και του φυτοπαθογόνου μύκητα B. cinerea. Οι αντιμικροβιακές ουσίες που παράγονται από τον BsMB600 συμβάλλουν στον άμεσο τρόπο δράσης του έναντι του παθογόνου. Μέσω μεταγραφωμικής ανάλυσης σε στέλεχος του B. cinerea μετά την έκθεση του στις παραπάνω ουσίες, ταυτοποιήθηκαν μηχανισμοί που σχετίζονται με την αποτοξικοποίηση ξενοβιοτικών ουσιών (ABC, MFStransporters). H διαγραφή του γονιδίου mfs1 σε στελέχη τουμύκητα, έδειξε πως επηρεάζονται ορισμένες λειτουργίες του, αλλά και η αντιμετώπιση του από τον βιολογικό παράγοντα.

scholarly journals Biocontrol studies on rizpspheric microorganisms against black rot disease of tea caused by Corticium theae Bernard

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-991
Author(s):  
Mohammed Syeful Islam ◽  
Iftekhar Ahmad ◽  
Mohammad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Tea Soil

Assessment of plant growth promoter and biocontrol properties of plant growth promoting rhizomicroorganisms (PGPR) from tea soil against black rot disease agent of tea caused by Corticium theae Bernard in Bangladesh was done. The antagonistic microorganisms were isolated from rhizosphere soils of tea fields and cultured on different nutrient media. The isolates were screened for their antagonism against Corticium theae by dual culture technique. The microbial strains were inoculated with tea nursery soils by mixing with 50 g of decomposed cowdung. In tea plantations, the microbial strains were sprayed on diseased plants two times at 15 days intervals. Four different species of PGPR strains such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Trichoderma were isolated from rhizospheric soil of tea. These PGPR strains enhanced plant growth in nursery and had a positive effect on the rate of increased in number of leaves, height of plants and girth of plants by 33, 43 and 3%, respectively. Lowest severity of black rot was found in plants treated with Trichoderma followed by Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Streptomyces strains. Trichoderma and Bacillus caused 16 and 14% reduction of disease severity while both Pseudomonas and Streptomyces strains reduced disease severity by 10%. All the PGPR’s have a great influence in reducing disease severity by 19% with optimistic relations. Radial mycelial growth of C. theae was also inhibited in similar trends. The biofertilizer showed comparatively lower response in reducing disease severity (8%) in comparison to PGPR’s. It can be concluded that Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces and Trichoderma isolated from tea soil have their growth enhance capacity as well as decrease the disease severity of black rot in tea.

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