scholarly journals Role of the PNPase enzyme in the transport of mtRNA in lymphatic cancer: Bibliographic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Myriam Lizanda Piqueras ◽  
Ignacio Ventura González
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
H Index ◽  
Mitochondrial Defects ◽  
Selection Of

Lymphoma is the most common type of blood cancer today and, as its name suggests, it begins in the lymphatic system. The origin of this disease is related to mitochondrial defects, generated by mutations in the PNPase enzyme or polynucleotide phosphorylase, whose main functions are to import and degradation mitochondrial RNA. For this reason, the main objective of the present work was to carry out a bibliographic review of scientific publications that made the role of this enzyme relevant, in relation to mitochondria as the cause of lymphatic cancer. The methodology used consisted of a bibliometric analysis based on the use of different databases, in which search equations formed from keywords were introduced. Then, the selection of articles related to the study topic and published in the last 20 years was carried out. Subsequently, the journals were analyzed, based on the H index, in order to observe which supported the hypothesis of the role of PNPase in lymphoma and which stated the opposite. The results showed that a total of 441,288 scientific publications were obtained, of which 133 were selected to carry out this work. As for the journals, those with the highest H index were Nature and Cell. It can be concluded that PNPase plays a very important role in the transport of mitochondrial RNA, and that the factor NF-Y is involved in the control of cell growth, therefore, both have a crucial role in the development of this disease. Therefore, research on both PNPase and NF-Y is essential to establish the specific genetic characteristics that define the early lesions of lymphatic cancer and the consequent determination of their treatment.

scholarly journals To the Question of the Role of Radiation Methods in the Diagnosis of Locoregional Recurrence of Colon Cancer (Clinical Case)

2017 ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Nudnov ◽  
U. Stanoevich ◽  
E. N. Grebenkin ◽  
E. V. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Locoregional Recurrence ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Tumor Bed ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Cecum Cancer

Coloncancer is one of the first places in the structure of oncological diseases. According to statistics, edited by A.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinskii, G.V. Petrova ofRussiafor 2015 was initially 36494 case of colorectal cancer, while 2% of cases are not diagnosed. Recurrence of colon cancer can occur at any stage regardless of the time elapsed after the radical treatment. Locoregionally originally is the presence of a tumor in the area of primary operation, which is represented by the primary tumor bed, the anastomosis, mesentery of the colon with lymphatic system, peritoneum and adjacent organs. Often after a diagnosis of “recurrence of the tumor in the colon” to the patient it is possible to provide only palliative care (colostomy, chemotherapy). The article cited clinical observation, confirming the important role of radiation techniques in determination of tactics of treatment of locoregional recurrence of the cecum cancer. 

scholarly journals Relevansi Delimitasi Perbatasan Maritim Dengan Faktor Lingkungan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Evi Purwanti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Introductioan: This article discusses the relevance of maritime border delimitation with environmental factors that affect the determination of delimitation.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to analyze the urgency of the role of the environment in the maritime border delimitation process. Specifically focused on analyzing whether there is a positive relationship between environmental considerations and the development of the delimitation process and to determine the environmental factors that influence the delimitation.Methods of the Research: This research uses normative research with a conceptual approach. Researchers use relevant environmental law concepts in the maritime border delimitation process.Results of the Research: The results of the study show that there is a relevance of environmental factors in determining maritime border delimitation, among others from factors: conservation of wildlife reserves, the principle of natural prolongation, the principle of sustainable development, mineral resources, and fisheries. The relationship between environmental factors and the delimitation process occurs in two ways: First, environmental considerations show a direct influence in the selection of the delimitation method. Here environmental factors are an important motive in the delimitation process. Second, environmental factors affect the delimitation process indirectly where there are a number of delimitation agreements that do not include specific provisions regarding the environment, but the evidence shows that the parties are motivated by environmental factors in negotiating delimitation.

DETERMINATION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF A DIETARY ALLOWANCE OF PROTEIN FOR INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-399
Author(s):  
Charles D. May
Keyword(s):  
National Research Council ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Dietary Allowance ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Selection Of

PROBABLY the greatest contributions to successful artificial feeding of infants that will ever be witnessed have already been made, namely: the discovery of the importance of bacterial contamination; the recognition of the role of vitamins; and the realization that fresh cow's milk produces large curds in the infant's stomach and must be treated by heat or other means to improve its digestibility. Elimination of these major handicaps of artificial feeding permitted attention to be focused on determination of precise figures for the amounts of individual nutrients which should be supplied by the diet to foster sound nutrition. Especial interest was attracted by the question of the relative adequacy of the protein in cow's milk and human milk. This called for refinement in methods of appraising the state of nutrition and clarification of the ultimate goal in infant feeding—the most desirable state of nutrition. Premature or excessive emphasis on selection of a figure for the dietary allowance of a nutrient is liable to arouse emotional controversy and distract nutritionists from the fundamental issues involved in judging nutritional status. Progress in the science of nutrition could easily be hampered by satisfaction with the sort of pseudosophistication so readily conveyed by plain numbers. If a figure for an allowance is proposed, there is a great temptation to exploit such a handy value by matching the composition of food products against this kind of "standard." The clamor of conflicting claims in the market place threatens to obscure the deficiencies in the fundamental knowledge upon which a meaningful figure for the allowance of protein or any other nutrient must be based. The Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council has now wisely recognized these considerations by not including a figure for protein allowance in infancy in the 1958 revision of their Recommended Dietary Allowances which states: "Breast-feeding is the best and desired procedure for meeting the nutrient requirements in the first months of life." This is a favorable setting in which to survey the principles which should govern the determination of the dietary allowance of protein for infants and to dwell upon the significance to be attached to any value proposed.

Evaluating the Role of Regression Methods in the Determination of Standard Spending Assessments

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Thomas ◽  
E S Warren
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
Selection Of

A Standard Spending Assessment (SSA) is the amount which government considers appropriate for a local authority to set as its annual budget requirement. Each assessment is composed of revenues calculated for a discrete set of service blocks where the local unit costs of service provision are most often estimated by means of regression procedures that have been subject to regular scrutiny and review. Set against this context, in this paper the authors evaluate the performance of the regressions that contribute to the calculation of SSAs as equitable allocation devices. The general accounting framework for constructing SSAs is described and a statistical classification of the regression models is presented. In their analysis the authors examine a selection of models that are representative of each class and they include the regressions that comprise the Other District Services and Personal Social Services blocks. These appraisals follow a common sequence where a dummy variable is entered into the regression to test the consistency of the allocation made to a specified group of local authorities. When the dummy variable is statistically significant, revisions to the specification of the regression are either tested or suggested. Finally, the broader implications of these findings for the design of SSAs are examined.

scholarly journals First person – Abdulsalam Isiaku

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Graduate Student ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
First Person ◽  
Early Career Researchers ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Disease Models & Mechanisms, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Abdulsalam Isiaku is first author on ‘ Transient, flexible gene editing in zebrafish neutrophils and macrophages for determination of cell-autonomous functions’, published in DMM. Abdulsalam is a PhD candidate/graduate student in the lab of Prof. Graham Lieschke at Monash University, Clayton, Australia, investigating the role of phagocytes in inflammatory and infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Unfulfilled Part of the Post-Soviet Development Storyline in “Center – Region” Relations

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Yurij Sagidov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Period ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Center Region ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The author argues that during the post-soviet period Russia did not suffer several discrete crises, as it is usually reflected in scientific publications, but has been remaining in the state of a permanent crisis. This approach predetermines a cardinal assessment of the results of systemic transformations in the country in a single time space, which is the basis for reliability in characterization and assessment of the author’s achievement of the goal and objectives of the study, i.e. determination of the role of relations between the center and the regions as the focus of systemic transformations and explanation of approaches to their improvement. In the paper, the characteristics and comparisons of two models “regions – center” and “center – regions” take place. The first and second models vary in the priorities of political and economic roles of the regions and the center in the strategies of post-Soviet development in the first and in the following two decades, respectively. It was stated that due to insufficient development of the culture of democracy, the first version of the strategy is fraught with a real threat of centrifugal aspirations of the regions, the loss of territorial integrity of the country. The development according to the second option led to restoration of the institution of centralization of political and economic management in the worst version in comparison with the Soviet era and the reset of the original systemic ideological plot of development of a new social pattern according to the principles of political and economic democratization. This situation has led to the loss by the regions of the opportunity for self-development, lagging behind in the social and economic development of Russia and to a predetermined stagnation and degradation. In the conclusion, the results are presented and approaches to the elimination of the negative aspects of the model of relations “center – region” are given, based on the transformation of relations between the center and the regions to a qualitatively different level involving the coordination of interests on a market basis.

scholarly journals A template-based approach to the modification of binding properties of globular proteins I: Background and motivations.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imadol V Jeff-Eke
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Partial Explanation ◽  
Selection Theory ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Instruction Theory ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Selection Of

Design and production of polypeptide/proteins with desired bind site properties involves utilization of the ligand of interest in selection of those bind sites that yield the desired properties from an assortment bind sites with different structures and properties. Thus, as opposed to an “instructive” role and therefore involvement in determination of these bind site properties, the ligand instead functions in selection of bind sites with preexisting properties. Although there is consensus over this role for ligands, this was not always the case. A debate over the role of cognate ligands dominated discourse during the early- to mid- 20th century. On one hand were proponents of an instructive role (as a direct template), and on the other hand were those in support of “selective” role. Haurowitz and Pauling proposed a role for ligand in determination of bind site properties, whereas Jerne and Burnet proposed selection. Experimental studies and theoretical considerations in immunology –by Nossal and Tonegawa– and in enzymology –by Anfinsen and Haber– provided results in support of the selection theory. Thus, an acceptance of selection- over instruction theory. However, both the uniqueness of antibody production and polyclonality draw questions to the applicability of such generalization of selection theory to other non-immune proteins. It is based on these notions that we advocate reconsideration of the instruction (direct template) theory as [at least] a partial explanation of origins of ligand binding properties of peptide molecules. Such reconsiderations are especially relevant when considering some of the current challenges regarding optimization of catalytic rates of artificially engineered enzymes. In such cases, the instruction theory may stand as part of a solution. In addition, this may create an avenue for optimization of: antibody-based therapeutics; and quantitative and qualitative immunoassays; for all of which binding interactions is a crucial determinant of affinity, specificity as well as sensitivity of agent.

scholarly journals Sugars and Acids Influence Flavor Properties of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 644d-644
Author(s):  
T.M.M. Malundo ◽  
E.A. Baldwin ◽  
R.L. Shewfelt ◽  
H. Sisson ◽  
G.O. Ware
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Flavor Perception ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Optimum Ripeness ◽  
Fruit Flavor ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Fruit flavor is a function of sensory perception of taste, aromatic and chemical feeling factor components in the mouth. The specific role of sugars and acids in potentiating flavor perception of volatile compounds and chemical feeling factors is not well known for many fruits. This study was conducted to determine the effects of selected levels of sugars and acids on perception of 3 taste (sweet, sour, bitter), 6 aromatic (banana, grassy, orange peel, peach, pine/turpentine, sweet potato), and 2 chemical feeling factor (astringent, biting) flavor notes in diluted, fresh mango homogenate using a trained descriptive panel. Perception of all flavor descriptors except sour were enhanced by increasing the sugar concentration. An increase in acid concentration enhanced perception of sweet, sour and biting notes while lowering perception of the astringent, peach and pine/turpentine notes. Brix-to-acid ratio (BAR) was found to be an effective chemical indicator for perception of sourness but was not effective for perception of sweetness. These results provide insight into optimum balances of sugars and acids as they influence mango flavor perception specifically in preparation of juice blends, selection of cultivars for specific fresh markets, or determination of optimum ripeness in the marketplace.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Novel Stilbene–Coumarin Derivatives and Antifungal Screening of Monotes kerstingii-Specialized Metabolites Against Fusarium oxysporum

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghislain Wabo Fotso ◽  
Bathelemy Ngameni ◽  
Thomas E. Storr ◽  
Bonaventure Tchaleu Ngadjui ◽  
Sibongile Mafu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Phenolic Group ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Coumarin 1 ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Selection Of

Fusarium is one of the most toxigenic phytopathogens causing diseases and reduced agricultural productivity worldwide. Current chemical fungicides exhibit toxicity against non-target organisms, triggering negative environmental impact, and are a danger to consumers. In order to explore the chemical diversity of plants for potential antifungal applications, crude extract and fractions from Monotes kerstingii were screened for their activity against two multi-resistant Fusarium oxysporum strains: Fo32931 and Fo4287. Antifungal activity was evaluated by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by broth dilution of fermentative yeasts using kinetic OD600 nm reading by a spectrophotometer. The n-butanol fraction showed the best activity against Fo4287. We screened eleven previously reported natural compounds isolated from different fractions, and a stilbene–coumarin 5-[(1E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-4,7-dimethoxy-3-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (1) was the most active compound against both strains. Compound 1 was employed as a nucleophile with a selection of electrophilic derivatizing agents to synthesize five novel stilbene–coumarin analogues. These semisynthetic derivatives showed moderate activity against Fo32931 with only prenylated derivative exhibiting activity comparable to the natural stilbene–coumarin (1), demonstrating the key role of the phenolic group.

Role of Surfactants in Emulsion Polymerization Polymers by design

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Dimonie ◽  
E. David Sudo ◽  
Mohamed S. El-Aasser
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Latex Particle ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Reactive Surfactants ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Selection Of

The determination of an emulsifier�s adsorption properties under conditions similar to those occurring during emulsion polymerization can provide important information to aid in the selection of the most appropriate surfactant for a given system. Results show that the latex particle size is dependent on the strength of emulsifier adsorption (DEads) at the particle/aqueous phase interface and is a function of the polymer polarity. Use of reactive surfactants can improve latex characteristics by reducing the desorption and migration of surfactant to film interfaces and minimize film water sensitivity. The fraction of bound surfactant can be maximized by using relatively low emulsifier concentrations and higher initiator concentrations.

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