Investigation on the quality of water from Jabi Lake in Abuja, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emeka Chima Ogoko ◽  
Ajayi Olayinka Sylvester
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Iron Cobalt ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Who Standards

Surface water may constitute public health issues if the water is contaminated. Consequent upon this assertion, the physicochemical parameters and tr ace metal concentration of Jabi Lake surface water were analysed and compared with WHO standards. Sixteen water samples were taken for analysis from Jabi Lake within Abuja in Nigeria. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) were adopted in the analysis of the physicochemical parameters while heavy metals ions determination was performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results obtained revealed marked differences in the levels of some physicochemical properties and trace metal ion concentration in the surface water samples when compared with WHO standards. Though most physicochemical parameters were within acceptable and safe limits, but with nitrate having higher concentrations. The concentrations of manganese, iron, cobalt, lead and chromium were well above the WHO maximum permissible limits for surface water. The pollution index of manganese, iron, cobalt, lead and chromium were above unity (1.0), indicating very high level of pollution. The results of the physicochemical and trace metal analysis when compared with WHO suggest that the water samples from Jabi Lake was not suitable for drinking while the concentrations of the metal ions were found decreasing in this order; Pb ˃Fe˃Cr˃Mn˃Co˃Zn.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Physicochemical Parameters and Microbiological Quality of Water Samples Obtained from Mbiaso River and Enang Stream in Ikot Ekpene Metropolis

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Ekanem, Jonathan Okokon ◽  
Akpan, Nyaknoabasi Ime ◽  
Zorbari, Glory Msubaritoma
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Who Standards

The physicochemical, microbiological and heavy metal studies of water samples obtained from Mbiaso River and Enang Stream were investigated. Water samples were collected from two locations with two sampling points from each location along the course of the water body based on their use by the community and analysed using standard procedures. The results obtained were compared with WHO standards for drinking and recreational water. Aside titratable acidity, titratable alkalinity and BOD, all other physicochemical parameters were within the permissible standards. All the heavy metals concentrations were above the permissible limits except for Lead (Pb) that ranged between 0.01mg/l to 0.05 mg/l for all the sampling points. All the water samples were found to harbor coliforms organisms in numbers greater than the required WHO standards for water except for Enang river that lacked the presence of Vibrio spp. The total viable counts for all the water samples were generally high exceeding the standard limit of 1.0 x 102 cfu/ml for water. The total heterotrophic bacteria count, total coliform count, faecal coliform count and total fungal count ranged between 1.9x104 - 52x104 cfu/ml, 2.3x104 -38 x104 cfu/ml, 1.7x104 - 30x104 cfu/ml and 2.5x104 - 5.3x104 cfu/ml respectively. The total salmonella-shigella counts and total staphylococcus counts were in the range of 0.2 x102-0.4 x102 cfu/ml and 0.3 x102 -0.6 x104 cfu/ml respectively. From the study, it is suggested that some regulations measures be put in place to control pollution of the water while the water be properly treated before use for domestic, potable or recreational purposes.

Trace Metal Ion Concentration in the Liver, Kidney, Spleen, and Lung of Normal Rabbits

1962 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert B. Ferguson ◽  
Yoshihiko Akahoshi ◽  
Patrick G. Laing ◽  
Edwin S. Hodge
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Trace Metal Ion

Trace Metals in Water, Sediment and Biota from Ikpukulu-Ama Creek Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent-Akpu Ijeoma Favour ◽  
Okoseimiema Ibifubara Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State

The concentrations of trace metals; Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd) were determined in water, sediment and biota (Fish and plankton) from Ikpukulu-ama creek in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The metals were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrphotometer (AAS 500). Concentrations of metals in water were in the order of Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe, in sediments Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe, in fish Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe while in plankton the order of concentration were Cd=Pb<Cu<Zn<Fe. The mean concentrations of metals in surface water (mg/L) were 5.2, 0.83, 0.03, 0.46, and 0.01 for Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd respectively, in sediments (mg/g) the values were 16.0, 0.65, 0.09, 0.32, and 0.01 for the same metals. The mean concentrations of metals in fish (mg/g) were Fe (2.96), Zn (1.87), Cu (0.03), Pb (0.08) and Cd (<0.001), while for plankton (mg/L) were Fe (13.2), Zn (2.09), Cu (0.06), Pb (<0.001) and Cd (<0.001). The pollution index in the sediment was low. Trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and biota were below the maximum permissible levels recommended by National standard, but aquatic environment should be monitored regularly to avoid excess intake of metal into the water body.

scholarly journals Remediation of Boating and Jetty Pollutants from the Okavango Delta Surface Water Employing Valorized Tilapia ruweti Waste Material

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Irene W. Maina ◽  
Morlu G. F. Stevens ◽  
Bareki S. Batlokwa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Okavango Delta ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Aims: To employ valorized waste materials from Tilapia ruweti scales for removal of heavy metals from areas with major boating activities and high numbers of jetties at the Okavango delta, Botswana. Study Design: Biowaste materials were Identified, valorized and then optimized for adsorption and removal of boating and jetty pollutants from profiled Okavango Delta surface water samples. Place and Duration of Study: Okavango Delta, Maun and Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana between March 2017 and September 2018. Methodology: Tilapia ruweti scales were collected from Sehithwa, Maun while water samples were collected from areas with jetties and major boating activities at Shakawe, Mboma Island and Xakanaxa. The concentration of Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb and Cd at all the sampling sites were accurately determined using micro-plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MPAES). The fish scales were pulverized and valorized by subjecting them to 12.7% vinegar. Minitab 14 software was used as a modeling tool to provide multivariate optimized parameters that affect sorption studies that included initial ion concentration, sorbent dose, contact time and solution pH. The valorized waste materials were then utilized for removal of the selected heavy metals. Results: The optimized adsorption parameters that included contact time, solution pH, sorbent dose and initial ion concentration were ≤ 88.63 min, ≤ 8.75, ≤ 84.29 mg and ≤ 28.44 mg/L respectively. The valorized Tilapia ruweti waste displayed high removal efficiencies toward removing the selected ions from the Okavango Delta surface water samples up to 94.21% with %RSD < 2 for n = 3 (triplicate). Conclusion: The valorized Tilapia ruweti scales were recommended as a cheap, simple and an effective method for remediation of boating pollution at the Okavango delta and other recreational areas.

scholarly journals Chemical Quality of Surface Water of Bhola Sadar Upazila in Bangladesh for Irrigation, Aquaculture, Drinking and Livestock Consumption

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
MF Karim ◽  
MW Zaman ◽  
R Sultana ◽  
MU Nizam ◽  
MR Kamruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Hard Limit ◽  
Surface Water Samples

A study was carried out with 25 pond water samples of Bhola Sadar Upazila to assess the quality of surface water for irrigation, aquaculture, drinking and livestock consumption. Chemical analyses of different parameters were done to assess the quality of water. All of the water samples showed slightly acidic in nature. Sixteen surface water samples were not suitable for drinking and aquaculture in respect of pH (pH <6.5). Electrical conductivity (EC) categorized the waters as “low salinity” (C1) to “medium salinity” (C2) class for irrigation. With respect to total dissolved solids surface waters were within “highest desirable limit” for drinking and irrigation and suitable for livestock consumption and aquaculture. Calcium and Magnesium content rated the samples as “maximum permissible” and “highest desirable” limit for drinking. All the samples were suitable for drinking in case of Na and K, 21 samples were not suitable for aquaculture due to higher (>5.0 mg L-1) K content. Six samples were unsuitable for livestock due to higher (Cl >30mgL- 1) Cl values. SSP rated 9 samples as “good”, 1 as “excellent”, 6 as “doubtful” and 9 as “permissible” for irrigation. With respect to RSC 21 samples were “suitable”, 3 were “marginal” and 1 was “unsuitable” for irrigation. Hardness classified 14 samples within “moderately hard”, 10 within “soft” and only one as “hard” limit for irrigation and 1 sample (No. 16) was unsuitable for livestock consumption. P, B, Cu and As concentration categorized all the samples suitable for irrigation, aquaculture, drinking and livestock consumption.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22053 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 131-140 2013

scholarly journals The Environmental Impact of Etelebou Flow Station In Surface Water of Gbarain, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Enetimi I. Seiyaboh ◽  
Tariwari C.N Angaye
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Diagnostic Data ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
Industrial Sources

Environmental impact of anthropogenic activities from industrial sources, have become a threat to biodiversity. Water samples were collected from rivers around the flow station, and analysed from some physicochemical parameters and hydrocarbon contents. Result of the physicochemistry was reported for: pH (6.58± 0.04 - 6.76±0.01), conductivity (168.30±13.98 - 194.57±3.78 µS/cm), conductivity 8.29±0.04 - 10.66±0.02 NTU, salinity (0.07±0.00 - 0.09± 0.00 mg/l), and Total Solids (83.96±1.49 - 103.66±0.60mg/l). Other elemental analysis includes: sulphates (2.43±0.01 - 4.28 ±0.02 mg/l), nitrates (0.19±0.01 - 0.28±0.01 mg/l), carbonates (1.14±0.07 - 2.06±0.07 mg/l), calcium (8.45±0.10 - 11.70±0.25 mg/l), magnesium (1.14±0.07 - 2.56±0.03 mg/l), and sodium (4.37±0.15 - 5.62±0.03 mg/l). The values of THC and TPH were 0.92±0.08 - 1.51±0.03, and 0.37±0.13 - 0.76±0.07 mg/l respectively. Generally, the result indicated mild level of contamination in terms of Hydrocarbon contents. However, diagnostic data emerging for physicochemistry and some elemental property indicates the water is unfit for consumption. Notwithstanding, the order on contamination were reported as; downstream > midstream > upstream. Therefore this study concludes that there should be frequent monitoring of the recipient water bodies associated with the flow station in order to check anthropogenic activities, and conserve biodiversity.

scholarly journals Determination of Physicochemical Parameters and Levels of Heavy Metals in Food Waste Water with Environmental Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jingxi Ma ◽  
Shuqing Wu ◽  
N. V. Ravi Shekhar ◽  
Supriya Biswas ◽  
Anoop Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health

Bioinorganic chemistry is found as a sizzling field in today’s era. It deals with chemistry amongst the heavy metals with natural resources, i.e., air, soil, water, plant byproducts (foods), and environmental essences. The aim of this research is to determine the concentration of heavy metals present in the food waste water sample and to study the environmental effects of metal ion concentration. To conduct the research work, the physicochemical parameters and levels of five heavy metals of food waste water samples were collected from five sampling points of renowned hotels, restaurants, canteens, and confectionaries of a state of India and assessed using the standard analytical procedure. Sampling was carried out from January 2017 up to December 2017. The physicochemical parameters were determined such as pH, temperature, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, total alkalinity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, total organic carbon, sulphate, nitrate, and phosphate. The heavy metal concentration was determined by using the UV-spectrophotometer, and the results were compared with the standards prescribed by the WHO, BIS, ICMR, and municipal authorities. The results obtained in the physicochemical analysis revealed that a few parameters were found beyond limits, and the metal ion concentration (iron and zinc) results were found above the permissible limits set by the CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board), ICMR, BIS, and World Health Organization (WHO), most especially, effluent from point P1. It was concluded that all the effluents required further treatment before releasing them into the water body or land to prevent pollution. The obtained results reveal that waste water used for irrigation and farming of nearby areas and water drained from restaurant kitchens were considerably polluted and not suitable for aquatic organisms, irrigation, and agricultural purposes.

scholarly journals Integration of Water Quality Indices and Multivariate Modeling for Assessing Surface Water Quality in Qaroun Lake, Egypt

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2258
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gad ◽  
Magda M. Abou El-Safa ◽  
Mohamed Farouk ◽  
Hend Hussein ◽  
Ashwaq M. Alnemari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Water quality has deteriorated in recent years as a result of rising population and unplanned development, impacting ecosystem health. The water quality parameters of Qaroun Lake are contaminated to varying degrees, particularly for aquatic life consumption. For that, the objective of this work is to improve the assessments of surface water quality and to determine the different geo-environmental parameters affecting the lake environmental system in Qaroun Lake utilizing the weighted arithmetic water quality index (WAWQI) and four pollution indices (heavy metal pollution index (HPI), metal index (MI), contamination index (Cd), and pollution index (PI), that are enhanced by multivariate analyses as cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and support vector machine regression (SVMR). Surface water samples were collected at 16 different locations from the lake during years 2018 and 2019. Thirteen physiochemical parameters were measured and used to calculate water quality indices (WQIs). The WQIs of Qaroun Lake such WAWQI, HPI, MI, Cd, PI revealed a different degree of contamination, with respect to aquatic life utilization. The WQIs result revealed that surface water in the lake is unsuitable, high polluted, and seriously affected by pollution for an aquatic environment. The PI findings revealed that surface water samples of Qaroun Lake were significantly impacted by Al, moderately affected by Cd and Cu, and while slightly affected by Zn due to uncontrolled releases of domestic and industrial wastewater. Furthermore, increasing salinity accelerates the deterioration of the lake aquatic environment. Therefore, sewage and drainage wastewater should be treated before discharging into the lake. The SVMR models based on physiochemical parameters presented the highest performance as an alternative method to predict the WQIs. For example, the calibration (Val.) and the validation (Val.) models performed best in assessing the WQIs with R2 (0.99) and with R2 (0.97–0.99), respectively. Finally, a combination of WQIs, CA, PCA, and SVMR approaches could be employed to assess surface water quality in Qaroun Lake.

scholarly journals Seasonal assessment of suface and ground water in Himalayan footh hill, Uttarakhand

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
RAJDEO KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Quality Of Water

An investigation was carried out to assess the quality of water in Himalayan foot hill, Uttarakhand. The surface and ground water samples were collected during summer, monsoon and winter season from four sites. These water samples were analysed for their physico-chemical properties and heavy metals. The results revealed that the pH, EC, TDS and bicarbonate ranged from 7.2 to 7.7, 350.7 to 563.2 µScm-1, 385.7 to 906.7 ppm and 146.7 to 186.3 ppm, respectively in surface water, irrespective for season. The corresponding values for these parameters in ground water ranged from 7.1 to 7.3, 335.5 to 364.0 µScm-1, 316.7 to 610.0 ppm and 144.5 to 164.2 ppm. The concentrations of Na, K, Ca and Mg varied from 4.4 to 12.6 ppm, 1.8 to 18.0 ppm, 25.5 to 42.9 ppm and 16.6 to 32.0 ppm, respectively in surface water whereas the concentrations of these elements in ground water ranged from 4.6 to 6.8 ppm, 1.5 to 7.7 ppm, 19.5 to 35.6 ppm and 16.0 to 28.8 ppm, respectively. All the heavy metals were in safe limit in both sources of waters. In general, the concentrations of these water quality parameters were relatively higher during summer and lower in monsoon. On the basis of water quality index, the water samples collected from site-I and site-IV were rated as good to Excellent, whereas water samples of site-II and site-III were rated as poor to good in surface water. However, ground water at all the sites have been rated as good to excellent for the sustainable development.

scholarly journals Proton Competition and Free Ion Activities Drive Cadmium, Copper, and Nickel Accumulation in River Biofilms in a Nordic Ecosystem

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Vincent Laderriere ◽  
Louise-Emmanuelle Paris ◽  
Claude Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Biomonitoring Tool ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Decreasing Ph

Biofilms can be used as a biomonitoring tool to determine metal bioavailability in streams affected by mining and other anthropogenic activities. Surface water and biofilm were sampled over two years from rivers located in the vicinity of a mine located in a Nordic ecosystem (Nunavik, Quebec). Biofilm metal content (Cd, Cu, and Ni) as well as a variety of physicochemical properties were determined to examine relationships between metal accumulation and water quality. Among the three metals of interest, copper and nickel had the highest levels of accumulation and cadmium had the lowest. When considering the exposure levels, nickel was the most abundant metal in our sampling sites. Both exposure and accumulation levels were consistent over time. Biofilm metal content was highly correlated to the ambient free metal ion concentration for sites of circumneutral pHs for all three metals. When the surface water pH was below 6, biofilm metal content was much lower than at other sites with similar aqueous metal concentrations of exposure. This apparent protective effect of decreasing pH can be explained by proton competition with dissolved metals for uptake binding sites at the surface of the organisms within the biofilm as described by the Biotic Ligand Model principles. The relationships obtained for Cd and Cu were overlapping those observed in previous publications, indicating strong similarities in metal accumulation processes in biofilms over very large geographical areas. Although more data are needed for Ni, our results show that biofilms represent a promising metal biomonitoring tool.

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