Design of a Vertical Windmill for Water Pumping Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mensah Kenneth ◽  
Mensah Kenneth ◽  
Mensah Kenneth
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Thermal Plant ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Water Pumps ◽  
Alternative Solutions

Water is a major component of the environment, covering 70% of the earth's total surface area. Yet, the demand for potable water in most locations remains high. Alternative solutions have been put in place coupled with the energy crisis for power sources to the existing hydro and thermal plant to ensure constant pumping of water. This paper presents a feasible solution in the quest to make potable water more available in deprived areas - design of a wind-powered system to drive water pumps. Unlike other existing models, this design is unique because it works without an electric motor or a generator thereby making it nonelectrical but solely mechanical powered. This design has a height of 10m above the ground and per mathematical calculations can produce 291 W power to drive pumps. The maximum torque in the system was found to be 24.69 Nm.

Solar Powered Water Pumps: The Past, the Present—and the Future?

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Short ◽  
R. Oldach
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Water Pumps

Solar (photovoltaic) powered water pumps could be a real instrument for the alleviation of water related deaths and illnesses in developing countries through the provision of clean water. However, despite the benefits that access to sustainable potable water supplies can bring, solar powered water pumps have a long way to go before they even begin to meet the needs of those who could use them. This paper addresses some of the complex, inter-related social and technical issues that have prevented solar powered water pumping from reaching its full potential and shows how future efforts should be directed in order to respond to these issues.

Solar Powered Water Pumps: The Past, the Present — and the Future?

Solar Energy ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Short ◽  
R. Oldach
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Water Pumps

Solar (photovoltaic) powered water pumps could be a real instrument for the alleviation of water related deaths and illnesses in developing countries through the provision of clean water. However, despite the benefits that access to sustainable potable water supplies can bring, solar powered water pumps have a long way to go before they even begin to meet the needs of those who could use them. This paper addresses some of the complex, inter-related social and technical issues that have prevented solar powered water pumping from reaching its full potential and shows how future efforts should be directed in order to respond to these issues.

Conceptual Design and Performance Analysis of Parallel Drive-Train for Hybrid Electric Motorcycle

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 782-787
Author(s):  
Sun Jie Teoh ◽  
Abu Bakar Rosli ◽  
Gan Leong Ming ◽  
Mustika Yasti
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Drive Train ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Electric System ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
And Performance

Increasing numbers of motorcycles are causing urban source of unregulated pollutants which are hazardous to environment and human health. Hybrid electric motorcycle (HEM) could be a solution to the problem as the electric system operates at high efficiency, allow diversification of energy resources, zero local emission and work silently. A HEM with parallel drive-train configuration has better fuel economy but post complex drive-train. In this paper, a parallel drive-train is proposed where two numbers of one way clutch are used to isolate the power source components when operating at different speed. The parallel drive-train allows the control unit to utilize and manage the power sources efficiently by operating at various modes based on the driving requirement. Meantime, maximum torque is available in blended mode when the internal combustion engine and electric motor operate simultaneously. The proposed drive-train posts the advantages of being simple, low cost and ease for control design for a HEM.

Alternative Energy Values in Natural Gasfractionation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celestine A. Udie ◽  
Agnes A. Anuka ◽  
Ekpenyong A. Ana
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Gas Fractions

Abstract: Global energy crisis has been on the increase due to increase on energy demand driven by population growth. In attempting to address the global energy crisis, this work uses the alternative resources to diversify the conventional energy sources in order to supplement the available energy generating sources. Energy resources are being evaluated to supplement the conventional energy sources thereby boosting the total energy generation in a nation. Technical and economic models are developed and used to evaluate the energy values in natural gas fractionation. Natural gas fractions evaluated include liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and condensate (liquid fuel). Collated field data are inputted into the developed economic models to estimate feasible technical and economic values in each of the gas fractions. The technical and economic analysis revealed that bulk natural gas contains 85.76% liquefied natural gas, 11.61% liquefied petroleum gas and 2.28% condensate (liquid). The result also revealed that natural gas fractionation improves its economic and energy values. With this, it is clear that the improvement in natural gas energy sources has the potency to supplement, hydro-electric power source, coal power source, oil and/or diesel fuel power sources.

On site flotation for recovering polluted aquatic systems: is it a feasible solution for a Brazilian urban river?

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1603-1613
Author(s):  
D. G. F. Cunha ◽  
D. Grull ◽  
M. Damato ◽  
J. R. C. Blum ◽  
J. E. I. Lutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Urbanized Areas

Pinheiros River (Brazil) plays a pivotal role in supplying water to Billings Reservoir, which presents multiple uses (human drinking, energy generation, irrigation, navigation, fishing and leisure). An intense monitoring program was performed during the years 2007 and 2008 to find out whether on site flotation is a feasible solution or not for improving the water quality of this urban river, attenuating the pollutants load caused by the water pumping to the reservoir (approximately 10 m3 s−1). The monitoring of 18 variables (13,429 laboratorial analysis during the period of 490 days), suggested that despite the convenience of the on site approach for water treatment, especially for rivers located in fully urbanized areas, the flotation system is not enough itself to recover Pinheiros River water quality, given the several constraints that apply. Total phosphorus removal was high in percentage terms (about 90%), although the remaining concentrations were not so low (mean of 0.05 mg L−1). The removal efficiency of some variables was insufficient, leading to high final mean concentrations of metals [e.g. aluminium (0.29 mg L−1), chromium (0.02 mg L−1) and iron (1.1 mg L−1)] as well as nitrogen-ammonia (25.8 mg L−1) and total suspended solids (18 mg L−1) in the treated water.

Solar Powered Water Pump Lifting Agriculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 789-790 ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Arsalan Raza ◽  
Yong Qiang Zhu ◽  
Zaigham Nasir Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Danish Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Battery Bank ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Water Pumps

Because of the energy crisis in Pakistan farmers are getting serious difficulties in irrigating their crops under such increasing diesel costs. There is a need to facilitate the farmers in alternative ways of powering their water pumps. There are lots of alternative ways, powering water pump, but most economical way is the solar pumping which can bring great outcomes in Farmers of Pakistan whom are facing serious difficulties in irrigating their crops under such severe energy crisis and ever increasing diesel costs. According to one estimate, In Pakistan more than 1Million pumps are in use, out of which 750,000 are diesel driven pumps. If we replace 25% diesel pumps by solar pumps, we can save about 3570 MW of electricity. In this paper 220 W motor is used to operate two days without sunshine or power from the PV panels, 40Wh was required daily as back up, supply a minimum of 880 Wh. Since this is a 12 V system, 880Wh/12V = 73.3 Ah was employed A battery bank should be at least 73.3 Ah, here, since the controller selected had a deep discharge protection at less than 30% of battery capacity, a bank of at least 105 Ah was required. For this project a 105 Ah battery was used as backup and all the simulation is done in the matlab.

Solar Home System: A Feasible Solution to the Energy Crisis in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 990-993
Author(s):  
Asif Hassan ◽  
Shamiur Rahman ◽  
Shahnawaz Ahmed Onik ◽  
Fayek Tasneem Khan ◽  
Adib Ahmed Habib
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Rural People ◽  
System A ◽  
Suitable Form ◽  
Solar Home System

Bangladesh is on the verge of facing energy crisis. According to the article 16.1 of Bangladesh Constitution fifty five percent of Bangladesh's inhabitants live without electricity, and the grid expansion rate to connect rural areas is threatened by the looming capacity shortage. It has very limited nonrenewable energy resources of its own. It is facing energy crisisand serious desertification problem in rural areas. These issues could be removed if renewable energy is used as aprimary source of energy in rural areas. Bangladeshisendowedwithplentifulsupply ofrenewablesourcesofenergy. Renewable energy like solar, wind, hydro can help to make electricity accessible to the isolated rural people as well as for low power demand. Outofthevarious renewable sources,solar is the most suitable form for Bangladesh.The solar home systems are now profitably and increasingly used for meeting the needs of electricity in remote and difficult areas in developed countries as well as in many developing countries. Potentiality of SHSs to reduce the present energy crisis in Bangladesh has been discussed in this paper

scholarly journals Performance of a prototype windmill for water pumping in Kpakungu community of Niger State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085-1092
Author(s):  
M.S. Dalero ◽  
N.A. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Total Head ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Measured Wind Speed

Water is the primary source of life for mankind and one of the most basic necessities for rural development. Most rural communities in Nigeria do not have access to potable water. This research considers the provision of water to a community in Nigeria using power from wind. The design results show that a 2.076m diameter windmill is required for pumping water from borehole through a total head of 45m to meet a daily demand of 3.5m3 of water. Performance test of the horizontal axis wind pump was carried out. The lowest measured wind speed during the test was 0.4 m/s, while the corresponding water discharge flowrate was 0.032 l/s. Thehighest flowrate of 0.113 l/s was recorded at a wind speed of 2.4 m/s. Computer simulation was carried out to validate the  performance test of the prototype windmill. The results showed that water discharge is proportional to the wind speed. Keywords: Energy, Kpakungu, mean wind speed, plunger, windmill

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Pumping Alternatives for Irrigation Purposes based on the SIMUS Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales ◽  
Angel Molina-Garcia ◽  
J.M. Sanchez-Lozano ◽  
A. Rubio-Aliaga ◽  
Nolberto Munier
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Balance System ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
La Mancha ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Water Pumps

The agricultural sector production in developing countries is highly dependent on rains, being affected by scarcityperiods and important water resource reductions in summers. It is very common in countries of the Mediterranean basin that need to pump water for the irrigation of crops, mainly due to the problems of drought and shortage of surface water for irrigation. The water pumping from the subsoil can be then assumed as annual, seasonal or direct, identifying different types of energy sources such as fossil fuels —mainly diesel equipment—, direct supply from grid or PV power plants— isolated or connected to the grid through net-balance system—,which are required to be applied by the agricultural sector. It can be affirmed that the majority of the commercially available water pumps run with electricity generated by Diesel engines and renewables, more specifically photovoltaic (PV) solar technologies, which have become a competitive alternative to pump water with real advantages over traditional fuel-driven generators. However, PV Water Pumping (PVWP) solutions have been marginally implemented; being considered as an electric energy source mainly in remote locations or through hybrid solutions. This paper describes a multidimensional methodology assessment of the different types of groundwater pumping with their potential combinations of aggregated agricultural areas, aquifer depth, and irrigation crop requirements, to determine the optimum or suitable size for future implementation of the most advantageous system, according to the aquifer depth and the water endowment defined. For that, this paper uses the SIMUS method for the assessment of the different types of groundwater pumping, with their potential combinations, by considering specific water aspects of the Spanish studied area (Castilla La Mancha, Spain).

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