scholarly journals عقوبة الإعدام في القانون الليبي والشريعة الإسلامية

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-177
Author(s):  
Boufaris Salaheden H Belkasem
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Systematic Procedure ◽  
Penal Law

تهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على مفهوم عقوبة الإعدام واستكشاف الحالات التي يجب الحكم فيها بالإعدام. وتكمن مشكلة الدراسة إلى استناد القانون الليبي في نصوصه إلى الشريعة الإسلامية. وتبرز أهمية الدراسة في تسليط الضوء على نصوص القانون الليبي والشريعة الإسلامية. وتتمحور أهداف الدراسة في تبيان مفهوم عقوبة الإعدام في القانون الليبي والشريعة الإسلامية وإيضاح الجرائم التي يستلزم فيها تطبيق عقوبة الإعدام في القانون الليبي والشريعة الإسلامية. واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الإستقرائي لإستقراء نصوص الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الليبي. كما اتبعت المنهج التحليلي لتحليل نصوص القانون الليبي في تطبيق عقوبة الإعدام. ولقد توصلت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج من بينها أن الشريعة الإسلامية هي المصدر الرئيسي للتشريع. كما أن القانون الليبي لايمكنها أن تتخلى عن تطبيق عن تطبيق عقوبة الإعدام في نظامها العقابي. ولقد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة إعادة تبويب وتصنيف القانون الليبي بما يسمح من توضيح نصوص القانون الليبي في عقوبة الإعدام. Abstract The purpose of the study is to determine the idea of the death penalty and research of the cases where the death sentence might be regulated. The predicament of the research, the Libyan law is based on the Islamic Shariah law, so it relies on the information according to Shariah. So, it signified both the Libyan law and Islamic Shariah. The research also recognized the systematic procedure to analyze the topics of the Libyan law about the execution of the death penalty. The study resolved from the conclusions that the Shariah is the main source of authorization to legalize the death penalty in the Libyan regulatory system. The study also revealed that the death penalty in Libya is under penal law so there is no possibility to surrender once the death penalty is legalized by the court. So, the study recommends that the Libyan law is required to amend in regards to the death sentence.  

The Use of the Death Penalty

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter C. Reckless
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Dramatic Reduction ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Discernible Effect ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Trend

Undoubtedly the most important trend in capital punishment has been the dramatic reduction in the number of offenses statutorily punishable by the death penalty. About two hundred years ago England had over two hundred offenses calling for the death penalty; it now has four. Some countries have abolished capital punishment completely; a few retain it for unusual offenses only. The trend throughout the world, even in the great number of countries that retain the death penalty, is definitely toward a de facto, not a de jure, form of abolition. In the United States, where the death penalty is possible in three-fourths of the states, the number of executions has declined from 199 in 1935 to an average of less than three in the last four years. This change is related to public sentiment against the use of the death penalty and even more directly to the unwillingness of juries and courts to impose a first-degree sentence. The increasing willingness of governors to commute a death sentence and of courts to hear appeals also contributes to this decline. A review of the evidence indicates that use of the death penalty has no discernible effect on the commission of capital offenses (especially murder).

scholarly journals KEDUDUKAN DAN URGENSI HUKUMAN MATI TERHADAP PENANGGULANGAN PENGEDARAN NARKOTIKA DI INDONESIA DAN SEJUMLAH NEGARA DI DUNIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Zainul Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Young People ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Legal Study ◽  
Life Sentence ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

Kedudukan hukuman mati terhadap pengedaran narkotika di Indonesia  sebagai strategi penanggulangan terhadap pengedaran narkotika  masih menimbulkan pihak yang menyetujui dan menolaknya. Pihak yang  menolak hukuman mati dikenakan pada pengedar nakotika dengan alasan hak asasi manusia atau hak keberlanjutan hidup terpidana, sedangkan ada kelompok yang menyetujui pelaksanaan hukuman mati yang juga dengan alasan demi kepentingan hak asasi manusia. Pihak yang menyetujui hukuman untuk pengedar ini menilai, bahwa sanksi yang dikenakan berupa hukuman mati dapat membuat jera atau takut calon-calon pelaku yang bermaksud mengedarkan narkotika atau hak hidup banyak generasi muda ikut diselamatkan menjadi korban kecanduan narkotika akibat ketakutan di kalangan calon-calon penjahat. hukuman mati bagi pengedar narkotika dalam kajian hukum positip sudah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor. 35 tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika.Kata kunci: narkotika, hukuman, akibat, kedudukan, urgensi The death penalty for narcotics distribution in Indonesia as a counter strategy against narcotics distribution still raises those who approve and reject it. Parties that reject the death penalty are imposed on narcotics distributors on the grounds of human rights or the right to a life sentence, while there are groups that approve the execution of the death sentence as well as for the sake of human rights. The party who approved the sentence for the distributor ruled that sanctions imposed on the death penalty could scare or intimidate potential perpetrators who intend to distribute narcotics or livelihoods for many young people to be rescued as victims of narcotics addiction due to fear among potential criminals. the death penalty for narcotics traffickers in a positive legal study is set out in the Law of Numbers. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics. Keywords: narcotics, punishment, consequences, position, urgency

Race and the Death Penalty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Vito
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
The United States ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
White Female ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Wrongful Convictions ◽  
Black Defendants ◽  
Black Defendant ◽  
Modern Era

The relation of race and the death penalty has been a consistent issue in the United States in what is known as the “modern era” of capital punishment. The modern era is defined as being from 1972 to the present, following the Furman v. Georgia decision. Supreme Court cases examining race and the death penalty have considered the application of the death penalty. Issues and concerns have been brought up about whether using statistical evidence is appropriate to determine racial bias that can be used in court cases, the role of a mandatory death penalty, and concern over striking jurors from the jury pool due to race. A wealth of empirical evidence has been done in different areas of the country and has shown some evidence of bias or disparities based on various statistical analyses. One of the more common issues found is issues regarding the race of the defendant (i.e., Black defendant or Black male defendant), the race of the victim (i.e., White victim or White female victim), or interracial dyad (i.e., Black defendant and White victim) that impacts whether the death penalty is sought or imposed. Another concern is wrongful convictions and exonerations. The criminal justice system is not infallible, and this is no more so apparent when deciding to give a death sentence. Prior research has shown that Black defendants are more likely to be involved in cases later found to be wrongful convictions or exonerations. Due to the issue regarding race and the death penalty, two states Kentucky and North Carolina, have created Racial Justice Acts. The creation of these two acts is a good sign of efforts to deal with race and the death penalty. However, how its use and when shows that there is much more work is needed.

9. The death penalty

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Clapham
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
World Today ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
The World ◽  
Procedural Safeguards ◽  
Rights Issue ◽  
Over Time

Attitudes with regard to what constitutes a human rights issue change over time. Is the death penalty a human rights issue? If we believe that torture and inhuman punishment is absolutely prohibited, then the ultimate irrevocable punishment of execution should also be prohibited at least as a form of inhuman punishment. ‘The death penalty’ considers how the human rights treaties that allow for the death penalty have been interpreted to include procedural safeguards, limits on which crimes may be punished with a death sentence, who may be executed, and prohibitions on certain forms of execution where the death penalty is still used around the world today.

Death Penalty Disposition in China: What Matters?

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudu Li ◽  
Dennis Longmire ◽  
Hong Lu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
The United States ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Sentencing Decisions ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Death Sentences ◽  
Capital Cases ◽  
Using Data

In theory, sentencing decisions should be driven by legal factors, not extra-legal factors. However, some empirical research on the death penalty in the United States shows significant relationships between offender and victim characteristics and death sentence decisions. Despite the fact that China frequently imposes death sentences, few studies have examined these sanctions to see if similar correlations occur in China’s capital cases. Using data from published court cases in China involving three violent crimes—homicide, robbery, and intentional assault—this study examines the net impact of offender’s gender, race, and victim–offender relationship on death sentence decisions in China. Our overall multiple regression results indicate that, after controlling for other legal and extra-legal variables, an offender’s gender, race, and victim–offender relationship did not produce similar results in China when compared with those in the United States. In contrast, it is the legal factors that played the most significant role in influencing the death penalty decisions. The article concludes with explanations and speculations on the unique social, cultural, and legal conditions in China that may have contributed to these correlations.

Why isn’t history a recognized criminal specialists’ teacher?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Jarosław Warylewski
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
The Real ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
History Of

The study includes reflections on the history of punishment and other means of a criminal reaction, their effectiveness and their impact on the criminal justice system. It indicates the limited “repertoire” of the mentioned measures. It draws attention to the real threats to the most important legal interests, especially to life, such as war and terrorism. It doubts the effectiveness of severe penalties, especially the death penalty. Indicates the dangers of penal populism and the perishing of law, including criminal law. It contains an appeal to criminologists and penal law experts to deal with all these dangers in terms of ideas rather than individual regulations.

The Execution of Wallace Wilkerson

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Acker ◽  
Ryan Champagne
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
Firing Squad ◽  
Lethal Injection ◽  
The U.S

Wallace Wilkerson was executed by a Utah firing squad in 1879 after the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed the constitutionality of his sentence. Shots from the marksmen’s rifles missed his heart. Not strapped into the chair where he had been seated, Wilkerson lurched onto the ground and exclaimed, “My God!…They missed it!” He groaned, continued breathing, and was pronounced dead some 27 min later. Relying on contemporaneous news accounts and legal documents, this article describes Wilkerson’s crime, the judicial decisions upholding his death sentence, and his execution. It next examines ensuing methods of capital punishment from the electric chair through lethal injection and notes persistent gaps between principle and practice in the continuing quest for increasingly humane modes of execution. The article concludes by suggesting that Wilkerson’s botched firing squad execution harbingered difficulties which continue to plague capital punishment. The implications for the future of the death penalty—a long-standing and resilient practice in American criminal justice—and the ultimate legacy of Wallace Wilkerson remain uncertain, although starkly evident is the daunting and perhaps impossible challenge of reconciling the paradox inherent in the concept of a “humane execution.”

scholarly journals The Death Penalty: Should the Judge or the Jury Decide Who Dies?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie P. Hans ◽  
John H. Blume ◽  
Amelia C. Hritz ◽  
Sheri Lynn Johnson ◽  
Caisa E. Royer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Jury Decision Making ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Capital Trials ◽  
Death Sentences ◽  
Capital Cases ◽  
Jury Decision

12 Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 70-99 (2015)This article addresses the effect of judge versus jury decision making through analysis of a database of all capital sentencing phase hearing trials in the State of Delaware from 1977– 2007. Over the three decades of the study, Delaware shifted responsibility for death penalty sentencing from the jury to the judge. Currently, Delaware is one of the handful of states that gives the judge the final decision-making authority in capital trials. Controlling for a number of legally relevant and other predictor variables, we find that the shift to judge sentencing significantly increased the number of death sentences. Statutory aggravating factors, stranger homicides, and the victim’s gender also increased the likelihood of a death sentence, as did the county of the homicide. We reflect on the implications of these results for debates about the constitutionality of judge sentencing in capital cases.

scholarly journals Life Imprisonment without Parole in China: Substituting Death for Economic Crimes

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (III) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Hafiz Abdul Rehman Saleem ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad Khan ◽  
Hamid Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Justice System ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Judicial Discretion ◽  
Life Imprisonment ◽  
Law Of Peoples ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Economic Crimes ◽  
Ninth Amendment

Life imprisonment without parole and commutation (LWOP) came under Ninth Amendment to the 1997 Criminal Law of Peoples Republic of China as a proviso to the suspended death penalty for corruption crimes. The legislative intent given for the arrival of new punishment depicts LWOP as a solution for the disparity in a suspended death sentence, controlling judicial discretion and proportional punishment for corruption which is debated as not an exhaustive and compelling justification. The manuscript addresses a substantive question; if LWOP is suitable for the criminal justice system in China? And is answered under three normative claims, namely necessity, effectiveness, and humanness.The examination of the topic contends LWOP is more of an effective tool in broader anti-corruption strategy than a need for domestic utilization.LWOP in China gives no hope of release and stands inconsistent with Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights

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