scholarly journals UK and US Physician Assistant Student Performance on an International Test of Core Biomedical Science Knowledge

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Arbet ◽  
Jimmy Parle ◽  
Janet Lathrop
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Physician Assistants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Science Knowledge ◽  
Care Needs

Physician assistants (PAs) have provided cost effective, high quality care in the United States for more than 40 years. There is a growing international interest in utilizing PAs for a variety of pressing health care needs. This pilot study compared the performance of PA students trained in the United States to those trained in the United Kingdom on a core biomedical science knowledge examination using multiple choice questions developed by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants (NCCPA). The study found that despite differing educational models and health systems, the students performed similarly. While rigorous statistical analyses were not possible given the small sample sizes, the study provides a promising indication that there is an international common core of biomedical science knowledge. Repeated studies and the expansion of the pilot to other countries will provide more generalizability and statistical support to establish whether there is an assessable, global core of PA biomedical science knowledge that could become one component of locally determined national standards for PAs.

scholarly journals Advanced Practitioners as Allies and Advocates

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Faiman, PhD, MSN, APRN-BC, AOCN®, FAAN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Physician Assistants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Care Team ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Clinical Nurse ◽  
Clinical Nurse Specialists

Advanced practitioners (APs) are a growing proportion of the health-care team. As of 2019, there were approximately 325,000 nurse practitioners, 7,000 clinical nurse specialists, and nearly 140,000 physician assistants in the United States (American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 2021; National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists, 2020; National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants, 2019). Although this totals up to 500,000, it is hard to say how many of these APs focus their practice on hematology/oncology, as certification is not required, which is a major method to track these data. Pharmacists are also integral members of the health-care team. As of April 2021, there were 3,600 board-certified oncology pharmacists (BCOP), although this underestimates the number of pharmacists who practice in hematology and oncology who are not BCOP certified (Board of Pharmacy Specialties, 2021).

Trends in glassy cell cervical cancer in the United States from 1973-2015: Analysis based on SEER database.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17502-e17502
Author(s):  
Anahat Kaur ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Tarek N. Elrafei ◽  
Lewis Steinberg ◽  
Abhishek Kumar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Black Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Kaplan Meier

e17502 Background: Glassy cell carcinoma of cervix (GCCC) is a rare histological subtype of cervical cancer which has historically been associated with rapidly progressive disease, early development of metastases and overall poor prognosis. We attempt to define real-world trends in GCCC in the United States based on data from SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results) database. Methods: We extracted data from the US National Cancer Institute's SEER 2018 dataset using ICD-O code for ‘Cervix Uteri Glassy Cell Carcinoma’. All patients who were diagnosed between 1973-2015 were included. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 26. Kaplan Meier curve was used for survival analysis. Results: Data for a total of 57 patients with GCCC was available from 1975 to 2017. Median age at diagnosis was 38 years (range 30.5-44.5). Increased frequency of cases was noted in white females (77.2%) as compared to black population (22.2%). Most cases initially presented with localized or regional spread (47.4% and 40.4% respectively) with distant metastasis seen in only 10.5% patients. Data analysis revealed that 63.2% patients had Grade III poorly differentiated carcinoma, 66.7% received radiation therapy, 57.9% underwent chemotherapy and 59.6% had cancer direceted surgery performed. Calculated mean overall survival was 121.9 months. We were unable to calculate 5 year and 10 year median overall survival due to small sample size and censored data. Conclusions: GCCC is a rare histologic type of cervical cancer that presents at a younger age, is more frequently seen in white females and is commonly associated with localized or regional spread at time of initial presentation.[Table: see text]

scholarly journals Validation of the Revised Physical Therapist Clinical Performance Instrument (PT CPI): Version 2006

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Roach ◽  
Jody S. Frost ◽  
Nora J. Francis ◽  
Scott Giles ◽  
Jon T. Nordrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Final Evaluation ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Evaluation Data ◽  
Physical Therapist Students ◽  
Clinical Performance Instrument

Background Based on changes in core physical therapy documents and problems with the earlier version, the Physical Therapist Clinical Performance Instrument (PT CPI): Version 1997 was revised to create the PT CPI: Version 2006. Objective The purpose of this study was to validate the PT CPI: Version 2006 for use with physical therapist students as a measure of clinical performance. Design This was a combined cross-sectional and prospective study. Methods A convenience sample of physical therapist students from the United States and Canada participated in this study. The PT CPI: Version 2006 was used to collect CPI item–level data from the clinical instructor about student performance at midterm and final evaluation periods in the clinical internship. Midterm evaluation data were collected from 196 students, and final evaluation data were collected from 171 students. The students who participated in the study had a mean age of 24.8 years (SD=2.3, range=21–41). Sixty-seven percent of the participants were from programs in the United States, and 33% were from Canada. Results The PT CPI: Version 2006 demonstrated good internal consistency, and factor analysis with varimax rotation produced a 3-factor solution explaining 94% of the variance. Construct validity was supported by differences in CPI item scores between students on early compared with final clinical experiences. Validity also was supported by significant score changes from midterm to final evaluations for students on both early and final internships and by fair to moderate correlations between prior clinical experience and remaining course work. Limitations This study did not examine rater reliability. Conclusion The results support the PT CPI: Version 2006 as a valid measure of physical therapist student clinical performance.

scholarly journals Maternity Care Preferences for Future Pregnancies Among United States Childbearers: The Impacts of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa E. Gildner ◽  
Zaneta M. Thayer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Predominately White ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Future Care

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted maternity care decisions, including plans to change providers or delivery location due to pandemic-related restrictions and fears. A relatively unexplored question, however, is how the pandemic may shape future maternity care preferences post-pandemic. Here, we use data collected from an online convenience survey of 980 women living in the United States to evaluate how and why the pandemic has affected women’s future care preferences. We hypothesize that while the majority of women will express a continued interest in hospital birth and OB/GYN care due to perceived safety of medicalized birth, a subset of women will express a new interest in out-of-hospital or “community” care in future pregnancies. However, factors such as local provider and facility availability, insurance coverage, and out-of-pocket cost could limit access to such future preferred care options. Among our predominately white, educated, and high-income sample, a total of 58 participants (5.9% of the sample) reported a novel preference for community care during future pregnancies. While the pandemic prompted the exploration of non-hospital options, the reasons women preferred community care were mostly consistent with factors described in pre-pandemic studies, (e.g. a preference for a natural birth model and a desire for more person-centered care). However, a relatively high percentage (34.5%) of participants with novel preference for community care indicated that they expected limitations in their ability to access these services. These findings highlight how the pandemic has potentially influenced maternity care preferences, with implications for how providers and policy makers should anticipate and respond to future care needs.

scholarly journals FSMB Census of Licensed Physicians in the United States, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Young ◽  
Humayun J. Chaudhry ◽  
Xiaomei Pei ◽  
Katie Arnhart ◽  
Michael Dugan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Physician Workforce ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
State Medical Boards

ABSTRACT There are 985,026 physicians with Doctor of Medicine (MD) and Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) degrees licensed to practice medicine in the United States and the District of Columbia, according to physician census data compiled by the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB). These qualified physicians graduated from 2,089 medical schools in 167 countries and are available to serve a U.S. national population of 327,167,434. While the percentage of physicians who are international medical graduates have remained relatively stable over the last eight years, the percentage of physicians who are women, possess a DO degree, have three or more licenses, or are graduates of a medical school in the Caribbean have increased by varying degrees during that same period. This report marks the fifth biennial physician census that the FSMB has published, highlighting key characteristics of the nation's available physician workforce, including numbers of licensees by geographic region and state, type of medical degree, location of medical school, age, gender, specialty certification and number of active licenses per physician. The number of licensed physicians in the United States has been growing steadily, due in part to an expansion in the number of medical schools and students during the past two decades, even as concerns of a physician shortage to meet health care demands persist. The average age of licensed physicians continues to increase, and more licensed physicians appear to be specialty certified, though the latter finding may reflect more comprehensive reporting. This census was compiled using the FSMB's Physician Data Center (PDC), which collects, collates and analyzes physician data directly from the nation's state medical and osteopathic boards and is uniquely positioned to provide a comprehensive snapshot of information about licensed physicians. A periodic national census of this type offers useful demographic and licensure information about the available physician workforce that may be useful to policy makers, researchers and related health care organizations to better understand and address the nation's health care needs.

scholarly journals Dependence in the Banking Sector of the United States and Mexico: A Copula Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (TNEA) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Christian Bucio Pacheco ◽  
Luis Villanueva ◽  
Raúl de Jesús Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Tail Dependence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rolling Windows ◽  
Main Banks

The objective of this work is to estimate the patterns of dependence between the yields of the stock prices of the main banks of the United States (US) and Mexico. We estimate the patterns of absolute dependence and tail dependence through copulas of the Archimedean family and the use of rolling windows of 245 days. The data employed come from the daily share prices at closing from January 2, 2015, to December 31, 2020, for seven banks. Our results show that: i) there are patterns of high dependence among the main banks in the US, ii) there are patterns of very low dependence among the main banks in the US and Mexico, and iii) there are patterns of low dependence among the main banks in Mexico. These results have several implications, among them that the high-dependency patterns obtained among major US banks limit the joint selection of these US bank equity assets in an investment portfolio. Although this paper focuses on a small sample of banks, they represent an important portion of the banking sector in both countries. Given the limited literature on this subject in Mexico, our paper contributes to expanding this literature with a novel approach.

Neonatal Personpower

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 836-837
Author(s):  
GERALD KATZMAN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Adequate Number ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Power Needs

To the Editor.— There have been several attempts to define the person-power needs for neonatologists in the United States.1-3 The reports by Merenstein et al2 and the AAP Committee on Fetus and Newborn1 maintain that there is presently an adequate number of neonatologists, whereas in a 1981 editorial, Robertson3 predicted increasing shortages of neonatologists. Why the difference between the conclusions? My answer to this question is that the reports by Merenstein et al and the AAP used calculated ratios of neonatologists to live births or lengths of stay, whereas the Robertson editorial expressed concern about the critical care needs of the physiologically unstable neonate.

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