scholarly journals Validation of the Revised Physical Therapist Clinical Performance Instrument (PT CPI): Version 2006

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Roach ◽  
Jody S. Frost ◽  
Nora J. Francis ◽  
Scott Giles ◽  
Jon T. Nordrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Final Evaluation ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Evaluation Data ◽  
Physical Therapist Students ◽  
Clinical Performance Instrument

Background Based on changes in core physical therapy documents and problems with the earlier version, the Physical Therapist Clinical Performance Instrument (PT CPI): Version 1997 was revised to create the PT CPI: Version 2006. Objective The purpose of this study was to validate the PT CPI: Version 2006 for use with physical therapist students as a measure of clinical performance. Design This was a combined cross-sectional and prospective study. Methods A convenience sample of physical therapist students from the United States and Canada participated in this study. The PT CPI: Version 2006 was used to collect CPI item–level data from the clinical instructor about student performance at midterm and final evaluation periods in the clinical internship. Midterm evaluation data were collected from 196 students, and final evaluation data were collected from 171 students. The students who participated in the study had a mean age of 24.8 years (SD=2.3, range=21–41). Sixty-seven percent of the participants were from programs in the United States, and 33% were from Canada. Results The PT CPI: Version 2006 demonstrated good internal consistency, and factor analysis with varimax rotation produced a 3-factor solution explaining 94% of the variance. Construct validity was supported by differences in CPI item scores between students on early compared with final clinical experiences. Validity also was supported by significant score changes from midterm to final evaluations for students on both early and final internships and by fair to moderate correlations between prior clinical experience and remaining course work. Limitations This study did not examine rater reliability. Conclusion The results support the PT CPI: Version 2006 as a valid measure of physical therapist student clinical performance.

Professional values, job satisfaction, career development, and intent to stay

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Yarbrough ◽  
Pam Martin ◽  
Danita Alfred ◽  
Charleen McNeill
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Intent To Stay ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Professional Values ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
The Future

Background: Hospitals are experiencing an estimated 16.5% turnover rate of registered nurses costing from $44,380 - $63,400 per nurse—an estimated $4.21 to $6.02 million financial loss annually for hospitals in the United States of America. Attrition of all nurses is costly. Most past research has focused on the new graduate nurse with little focus on the mid-career nurse. Attrition of mid-career nurses is a loss for the profession now and into the future. Research objective: The purpose of the study was to explore relationships of professional values orientation, career development, job satisfaction, and intent to stay in recently hired mid-career and early-career nurses in a large hospital system. Research design: A descriptive correlational study of personal and professional factors on job satisfaction and retention was conducted. Participants and research context: A convenience sample of nurses from a mid-sized hospital in a metropolitan area in the Southwestern United States was recruited via in-house email. Sixty-seven nurses met the eligibility criteria and completed survey documents. Ethical considerations: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained from both the university and hospital system. Findings: Findings indicated a strong correlation between professional values and career development and that both job satisfaction and career development correlated positively with retention. Discussion: Newly hired mid-career nurses scored higher on job satisfaction and planned to remain in their jobs. This is important because their expertise and leadership are necessary to sustain the profession into the future. Conclusion: Nurse managers should be aware that when nurses perceive value conflicts, retention might be adversely affected. The practice environment stimulates nurses to consider whether to remain on the job or look for other opportunities.

Mathematical Approaches and Strategies

2016 ◽  
pp. 145-169
Author(s):  
Lorelei R. Coddington
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Inclusive Classroom ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Improve Student Performance ◽  
Support Students

Recent shifts in standards of instruction in the United States call for a balance between conceptual and procedural types of teaching and learning. With this shift, an emphasis has also been placed on ensuring teachers have the knowledge and tools to support students to improve student performance. Since many struggle in learning mathematics, teachers need practical ways to support students while also building their conceptual knowledge. Research has highlighted many promising approaches and strategies that can differentiate instruction and provide needed support. This chapter highlights various examples found in the research and explains how the approaches and strategies can be used to maximize student learning in the inclusive classroom.

scholarly journals Imperfect physician assistant and physical therapist admissions processes in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Eugene Jones ◽  
Susan Simpkins ◽  
Jennie Alicea Hocking
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Physician Assistant ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Grade Point Averages ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Grade Point

We compared and contrasted physician assistant and physical therapy profession admissions processes based on the similar number of accredited programs in the United States and the co-existence of many programs in the same school of health professions, because both professions conduct similar centralized application procedures administered by the same organization. Many studies are critical of the fallibility and inadequate scientific rigor of the high-stakes nature of health professions admissions decisions, yet typical admission processes remain very similar. Cognitive variables, most notably undergraduate grade point averages, have been shown to be the best predictors of academic achievement in the health professions. The variability of non-cognitive attributes assessed and the methods used to measure them have come under increasing scrutiny in the literature. The variance in health professions students’ performance in the classroom and on certifying examinations remains unexplained, and cognitive considerations vary considerably between and among programs that describe them. One uncertainty resulting from this review is whether or not desired candidate attributes highly sought after by individual programs are more student-centered or graduate-centered. Based on the findings from the literature, we suggest that student success in the classroom versus the clinic is based on a different set of variables. Given the range of positions and general lack of reliability and validity in studies of non-cognitive admissions attributes, we think that health professions admissions processes remain imperfect works in progress.

scholarly journals Evaluating Student Performance on Computer-Based versus Handwritten Exams: Evidence from a Field Experiment in the Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-762
Author(s):  
Besir Ceka ◽  
Andrew J. O’Geen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Methods Course ◽  
Relative Ease ◽  
Randomized Field Experiment ◽  
Course Management Software ◽  
Computer Based

ABSTRACTThe use of course-management software such as Blackboard, Moodle, and Canvas has become ubiquitous at all levels of education in the United States. A potentially useful feature of these products is the ability for instructors to administer assessments including quizzes and tests that are flexible, easy to customize, and quick and efficient to grade. Although computer-based assessments offer clear advantages, instructors might be concerned about their effect on student performance. This article evaluates whether student performance differs between handwritten and computer-based exams through a randomized field experiment conducted in a research methods course. Overall, our findings suggest a significant improvement in student performance on computer-based exams that is driven primarily by the relative ease of producing thorough responses on the computer versus by hand.

scholarly journals One Grip a Little Stronger

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 1014-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela W Duncan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rehabilitation Research

Abstract Pamela W Duncan, PT, PhD, FAPTA Dr Duncan has actively participated in and contributed to physical therapist practice, physical therapist professional education, professional preparation of other health care providers, national policy development related to rehabilitation after stroke and aging, and scientific investigation. She has served several government appointments and provides leadership within several organizations. She served as co-chair of the Consensus Panel on Establishing Guidelines for Stroke Rehabilitation for the Agency for Health Care Policy, Research, and Education. She was a panel member on the National Institutes of Health's Total Hip Replacement Consensus Conference and served on the Strategic Planning Group for Stroke Research for the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. She recently was appointed to serve on the Steering Committee of the Department of Education's National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research and is currently on the Executive Leadership Council of the American Stroke Foundation and the Advisory Committee of the Canadian Stroke Network. She has served on committees and panels for the American Heart Association and was president of APTA's Neurology section. Dr Duncan's research activities focus on geriatric rehabilitation, stroke rehabilitation, and health outcomes measurement. She developed the Functional Reach Test, used to assess balance in older adults. In the past 20 years, she has received $13 million in research awards as principal investigator or co-investigator from agencies such as the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, American Heart Association, Department of Veteran's Affairs, and National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research and from multiple private funding sources. Dr Duncan has disseminated her research findings in more than 80 peer-reviewed articles in 20 different journals, and she has written a book and 12 book chapters. Dr Duncan's work has influenced the care and rehabilitation of patients in the United States and worldwide. Physical therapy education programs across the country incorporate her findings and professional vision into the preparation of the next generation of physical therapists. APTA has awarded Dr Duncan the Marian Williams Award for Research in Physical Therapy, the Catherine Worthingham Fellowship Award, and the Mary McMillan Scholarship Award. She has also received research awards from the APTA Neurology Section, Sports Physical Therapy Section, and Section on Geriatrics, as well as a service award from the Neurology Section. She is an elected fellow of the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association and has given 8 invited lectureships at universities across the United States.

Increased Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Panic Disorder: Clinical and Theoretical Implications

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 899-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bruce Lydiard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Dsm Iv

ABSTRACTBackground:Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are a group of disorders characterized by recurrent gastrointestinal distress for which no structural or biochemical cause can be discerned. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an FGID estimated to affect 10% to 25% of the United States population. IBS occurs in over 40% of individuals with panic disorder, and in patients with IBS, 25% to 30% have panic disorder, which has led to speculation about possible shared pathophysiology between the two. Less is known about the prevalence of other FGID in individuals with panic disorder.Objective:The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of IBS and all the other FGID in patients with current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) panic disorder.Introduction:We assessed FGIDs in 73 treatment-seeking DSM-IV panic disorder patients via the Diagnostic Interview Questions for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and made descriptive comparisons with a large convenience sample from an already-completed United States Household Survey (USHS), which employed the same diagnostic criteria.Results:The prevalence of IBS and other FGIDs in both men and women with panic disorder were substantially higher than in the USHS respondents. Women with panic disorder had significantly more functional chest pain than men, but there was no gender difference in IBS. With the exception of functional anorectal and biliary disorders, the FGID prevalences were comparatively higher in panic disorder versus the USHS respondents.Discussion:This survey supports earlier reports of a high prevalence of IBS in individuals with panic disorder and also suggests that the prevalence of several other FGIDs were comparatively high as well. Methodological limitations precluded direct statistical analysis. It may be that commonly overlapping psychiatric and often-painful FGIDs, and extra-intestinal disorders increase the risk for comorbidity in already-affected individuals via shared pathophysiology. One potential model for which there is some evidence for a role in stress, panic disorder, FGIDs and several extra-intestinal functional conditions is dysregulation of corticotropin-releasing factor function.Conclusion:The prevalence of FGIDs in DSM-IV panic disorder was comparatively higher than in USHS respondent community sample, which used similar FGID diagnostic criteria. The cause for the apparent close association of panic disorder with FGID may represent shared pathophysiology. Increased understanding of the mechanism of the overlap may allow for improved treatment of the significant proportion of the population suffering from comorbid psychiatric and functional medical conditions.

scholarly journals An International Comparison of Attitudes Toward Traditional and Modern Medicine in a Chinese and an American Clinic Setting

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Burke ◽  
Tony Kuo ◽  
Rick Harvey ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
And Gender

Introduction. International comparative research on traditional medicine (TM) offers a useful method for examining differences in patient characteristics and can provide insight into: (i) more universal characteristics which may cross cultures and international borders; (ii) unique characteristics influenced by regional/national factors; and (iii) cultural values of immigrant populations. To explore these issues TM patients from the United States and China were compared.Methods.Data collection took place at two TM college clinics. A convenience sample of 128 patients in China and 127 patients in the United States completed a 28-item questionnaire.Results.There was a marked similarity between the two patient groups in terms of the biological characteristics of age and gender. Musculoskeletal issues were the most common presenting complaints in the United States; while in China TM was used for a more diverse array of conditions. The majority of patients in both countries had initially used allopathic medicine (AM); significantly, more of the United States respondents stopped allopathic treatment after beginning traditional treatment. In comparing the two countries, patients in China were significantly more satisfied with AM and American patients significantly more satisfied with TM. In comparing the two medicines, the patient samples in both countries were significantly more satisfied with TM than AM.Discussion.Although treatment often originated with allopathic providers, many patients sought alternatives presumably to find the best solution to their problems. This tendency toward self-assignment suggests that a pluralistic healthcare system may provide the greatest satisfaction resulting from personal choice and improved outcomes.

scholarly journals Patterns of abuse among South Asian women experiencing domestic violence in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Bhandari ◽  
Bushra Sabri
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Patterns Of Abuse

This qualitative study was conducted with a convenience sample of 20 South Asian women experiencing domestic violence in the United States. The results explore the patterns of abuse as well as the factors and circumstances (i.e. turning points) that motivated South Asian women to change in the context of the stage that they were in as per the Landenburger model (binding, enduring, disengaging, and recovery). The four themes that emerged from the interviews and analysis are (1) ‘Timing and Frequency of abuse’, (2) ‘Methods of control – financial, isolation and suspicion’, (3) ‘Cycle of Abuse’, and (4)’ Turning Points – motivation to change’. Implications for practice and policy-level changes for abused South Asian women in the United States are discussed.

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