scholarly journals Export-Import Performance of Major Agricultural Commodities in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitender Kumar Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Indian Product

Recent trends in the international trade scenario and related shifts in India’s foreign trade policy have had far-reaching consequences for India’s general agricultural sector and, in particular, for agricultural exports. The Indian product of agriculture has played an important part in the global product of agriculture. For many agricultural commodities, India used to be the key export spot. The present study established the growth and output of agricultural exports from India during the time (2000-2019). India is the top tenth exporter of agricultural products in the world. Top exports comprise sugar, beef, rice, and shrimp. Export of principal agricultural products including rice, wheat, sugar, cotton, fruits, and vegetables are ‘free’ whereas export of pulses (excluding chickpea) and edible vegetable oil in bulk (excluding coconut and rice bran oils) are ‘restricted’ to meet domestic demand. Indian agricultural exports have increased, but the proportion of agricultural exports to the country’s overall exports has decreased. The research also explores the evolving behavior of the allocation of each category of commodities to the overall agricultural export basket. It covers the major agricultural products/crops which, over different periods, contribute to the maximum share of total agricultural exports (2000-2019). Higher agricultural exports would mean better price realization for farmers, increased awareness regarding good agricultural practices, and consequently thrust for quality also.

scholarly journals AN ECONOMIC ANALISYS FOR PRICING POLICY AND POLICY OF FORIGEN TRADE OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN IRAQ DURING 2003-2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Badri & Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Trade Balance ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Agricultural Producer ◽  
Agricultural Price

There is no doubt that Agricultural Policy is the main responsible for the degrading in Agricultural sector in Iraq during the period 2003-2013, and that was very clear from magnitude of indicators because of little sharing of each of agricultural product in GDP  because it was (9.38%) in average during the study period and the annual changing of it was negative (-5.82%), and there is increasing in deficit of trade balance in Agriculture during the study period about (4185.73) million US$, and the percentage of agricultural exports from total exports was (0.14%) in average only. The foreign trade policy in Agricultural products also cannot determine map of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) of Agricultural products and crops. The study showed that there is continuous deficit in agricultural price policy because the agricultural producer is still receive prices for strategically crops less than world prices and that was showed by Net Nominal Protection Coefficients (NNPC) and although of the improvement than before 2003 but it is not paralleled with importance of Agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Performance of Agricultural Export Products on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Oyetoun Dunmola Amao ◽  
Michael Akwasi Antwi ◽  
Oluwaseun Samuel Oduniyi ◽  
Timothy Olukunle Oni ◽  
Theresa Tendai Rubhara
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
The World Bank

This research sought to explore the performance of agricultural export products on economic growth in Nigeria from 1960 to 2016. Secondary data from the National Bureau of Statistics, the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Annual Statistical Bulleting, the World Bank, and World Development Indicators were used. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model was explored in this study. The findings of the study show that food and live animals, beverages, and tobacco were found to be negative but significant to agricultural exports, while agricultural exports (total) and crude materials, inedible except fats, were found to be negative and insignificant to economic growth. Animal and vegetable oils and fats were found to be positive but insignificant to economic growth. Based on the following findings, it is recommended that policies aimed at increasing the productivity and quality of agricultural products, especially those from crops, should be implemented. There is also a need to devote more resources to the production of non-export goods to increase exports. Above all, more credit should be extended to the agricultural sector with a low or zero interest rate, which may lead to a higher rate of economic growth in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Quality Deterioration of Postharvest Fruits and Vegetables in Developing Country Pakistan: A Mini Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurshid Ahmad ◽  
Mahideen Afridi ◽  
Nasir Ali Khan ◽  
Azeem Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Post-harvest losses relate to the degradation in the quantity and quality of the crop’s products from harvesting to consumer usage. In many developing countries, like Pakistan, the post-harvest loss is a problem of food security and is of concern to everyone. Inappropriate handling of agricultural products after harvest may cause quality and quantity losses. It also accounts for the increasing prices of agricultural products in Pakistan. The total production of vegetables and fruits in Pakistan is nearly 13.764 million tons, and it is estimated that 35% to 40% of vegetables and fruits were wasted after harvesting. Severe losses and deterioration of vegetables and fruits occurred mainly during harvesting, along with distribution, transportation, and storage. The important reasons for post-harvest losses include mechanical damage, poor handling, microorganisms (bacteria, fungi), unawareness and lack of modern technologies, time management, insects, and mites. Reduction of post-harvest losses is the main goal of the agricultural sector. Training and educational initiatives could be one of the best strategies for minimizing post-harvest losses. The main objective of this review is, to explain the major production, quality deteriorations of vegetables and fruits, and the causes of post-harvest losses in Pakistan. It can be applied as a positive indication because all bodies involved will strive to implement efficient and effective approaches and policies to address the existing problems.

scholarly journals The potential impacts of the EVFTA on Vietnam’s exports of agricultural products: an application of SMART model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duc Manh Doan ◽  
Dac Hieu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Impact

The study aims to identify and analyze the impact of the European Union - Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA) on Vietnam’s exports of agricultural products. The secondary data from the World Bank and the SMART model under two scenarios are applied. The simulations suggest that the tari൵elimination would result in a signi¿cant increase in Vietnam’s agricultural exports. The exported value of¿sh products from Vietnam shows the highest increase. In one scenario, as the European Union (EU) lowers the tari൵to other competing countries, Vietnam’s exports of agricultural products exhibit minor reductions compared to the other scenario. Through examining the slight reduction and the revealed comparative advantage of Vietnam, it is found that crustaceans, mollusks, and other aquatic invertebrates are among the agricultural export products of Vietnam that potentially take the most advantage from the EVFTA.

scholarly journals Export and Import Performance of Agriculture in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 502-504
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Fresh Vegetables

Agriculture plays a significant role in Indian economy. Indian Agricultural export and import have undergone foremost change in this modern era. The study focus the analysis related to the export and import performance of Indian agricultural sector. This study covers the export and an Import category includes cereals, fresh fruits and vegetables, animal products, floriculture, processed food and organic product. Non Basmati Rice, Basmati rice, Fresh Vegetables, Buffalo Meat and Fresh fruits are the top five Agricultural exported products from India. Pulses, wheat, other fresh fruits, Alcoholic Beverages and Other Cereals are the most imported products. The study is based on secondary data which is drawn on quantitative and qualitative data, document, records and information available in Agricultural and processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA). The paper highlights the fact performance of India, agricultural export and import from 2008 – 09 to 2017 – 18. The trade balance between export and import of agricultural in India is positive. The percentage share of total export in past few decades is fluctuating. The performance of import decreases in 2014 - 2018. The agricultural growth rate in export is 10.53% (2017 – 18) and the agriculture import growth rate is -36.13% (2017 – 18).

scholarly journals Marketing potential of the Sino-Russian bilateral agricultural export market

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176
Author(s):  
Zhang Fenghe ◽  
Viktoriia Medvid ◽  
Lu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Export Prices ◽  
The World ◽  
Horticultural Products

China and Russia are important agricultural countries in the world. Expanding exports and increasing sales of agricultural products play an important role in the economic development of both countries. To understand the current situation of agricultural exports of the two countries and formulate strategies to expand the marketing of agricultural products, this paper uses the UN Comtrade Database 2009-2018 on Chinese and Russian bilateral agricultural export sales and other trade data to calculate the (expansion margin) and (price margin) of agricultural exports, (quantity margin), to analyze the types, prices, and quantities of exported agricultural products. The results show that China exports to Russia mainly labor-intensive types of agricultural products such as processed agricultural and horticultural products, accounting for 87.46% of total agricultural exports on average. The increase in exports is mainly due to the continuous increase in the prices of exported agricultural products. Russia exports to China mainly land-intensive types of agricultural products such as animal products, grains, oilseeds and fat products, which accounted for an average of 79.07% of total agricultural exports. The increase in exports was mainly due to the continuous increase in types and quantities of agricultural products to develop the export potential of agricultural products and expand sales. In addition, China should expand the types and quantities of agricultural products exported, and Russia should increase the added value of agricultural products and raise the export prices of agricultural products.

scholarly journals Climate Variability on Growing Season Rainfall and Temperature: its impact on sustainable agriculture in Imo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajiere S
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
The Impact

Rainfall and Temperature are important factors in agriculture especially in Nigeria where rain-fed agriculture is practiced extensively and agriculture contributes to food security and provides employment for urban and rural dwellers. Therefore, climate variability poses a big threat to agriculture by altering the growing season rainfall and temperature, thereby resulting to serious danger in the sustainability of food. This is why all nations of the world are concerned about the effects of climate variability on agriculture. This work therefore, examined the impact of climate variability on growing season rainfall and temperature in Imo State, South Eastern Nigeria. The rainfall and temperature data were obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) for a period of 30 years which was analyzed using descriptive statistics, decadal distribution, trend graph anomalies and 5 year moving average. The analysis showed increasing trend in annual mean maximum, minimum temperature and decrease in mean rainfall, The third order polynomial trend shows a decrease in the anomaly of annual mean rainfall (y = -0.0002x4) and a persistent increase in the mean temperature anomaly especially in the second decade (1996-2007).The findings show that there is a notable variability in the pattern of rainfall and temperature which revealed  an  increase in temperature and decrease in growing season rainfall. This calls for serious attention as people in this part of Nigeria critically depend on rainfall for agricultural practices. It is recommended that government should support the agricultural sector by providing mechanized farming systems such as irrigation and drilling of water borehole in farm sites for agriculture, especially for the rural farmers and create awareness to the farmers on recent trends in climate issues to achieve sustainability of food.

POLICY REFORMS AND AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 589-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLASON GODWIN OMOTOR ◽  
CHRISTOPHER O. ORUBU ◽  
EMMANUEL INONI
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Export Earning ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Domestic Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Policy Shift

The role of agriculture in the process of growth and development arises mainly from its linkages with other sectors of an economy. The agricultural sector in developing countries in recent times has recorded secular declines in terms of its contribution to export earning and domestic consumption. This observation is associated with policy inertia among other factors. The Structural Adjustment Programme adopted in Nigeria in the 1980s, is one policy shift aimed at boosting agricultural production. This article aims at empirically verifying the effects of policy reform on agricultural exports in Nigeria by estimating a simple impact assessment model using a slope-dummy method. The estimates among others indicate that agricultural export is significantly influenced by domestic consumption and economic liberalization. The findings suggest that policy reforms on agricultural productivity should go beyond liberalization of the economy.

Some Aspects of the Formation of Export Infrastructure in the Agricultural Sector of the Indian Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
A.G. Paptsov ◽  
◽  
N.A. Medvedeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

The article analyzes the production of agricultural products in India for the period 2000-2018. - as the basis for the formation of export potential, which has shown an increase in production in almost all major types of agricultural products in India. Today India is a major exporter of agricultural products and foodstuffs and ranks sixth in the ranking of the 10 largest exporters in the world. Its share in the global market in 2018 was 2.2%. ($ 42 billion). India intends in the future to significantly increase the volume of supplies of agricultural products to the world market - up to 100 billion dollars. In this regard, India has developed a new export policy aimed at developing export potential through the production of high value-added products and the development of export infrastructure, which will increase the competitiveness of Indian products in the global food market. The article discusses some aspects of export policy. Particular attention is paid to the formation of clusters and agricultural export zones, the creation of which will attract foreign investment both in agricultural production and in the development of infrastructure in India, and ensure the production of high quality products. An important point in the formation of clusters is the involvement of farmers in the value chain through the creation of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), designed to help smallholders overcome shortcomings in production and expand the presence of farmers in foreign markets. The article reflects the infrastructure to support exports and stimulate the production of export agricultural products with high added value. The issues of mutual trade in agricultural products between India and Russia and some directions of its development are considered.

scholarly journals FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN THE CONTEXT OF FOREIGN TRADE DIFFERENTIATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Sliusarenko ◽  
◽  
Alyona Klyuchnik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Geographical Differentiation ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Positive Balance

The article highlights the need to develop effective mechanisms for guaranteeing the foreign economic security of agricultural enterprises due to the increase in their foreign trade activity. The share of agricultural exports in the structure of national exports is key, which confirms the feasibility of relevant research. In this case, the question of the quality of export activity becomes relevant not only due to the increase in value volumes but also given its content. Therefore, the problem of the high share of primary agricultural products in the export of agricultural products is problematic, which precedes the problem of forming the characteristics of the domestic agricultural sector as a resource with a low level of added value. The article examines the relationship between the state of foreign economic security of the agricultural sector with the commodity and geographical differentiation of foreign trade. The problem of insufficient commodity differentiation is problematic because to a greater extent domestic agricultural exports are represented by goods of plant origin. Moreover, the basis of exports of crop products are cereals and oilseeds. This state of affairs forms a position of high dependence on trends in foreign markets and fluctuations in demand for these types of crops, which precedes the existence of problems of foreign economic security of the agricultural sector in general and enterprises in particular. Instead, the situation of geographical differentiation has positive characteristics due to the balancing of priorities in trade relations. Despite the European integration path of Ukraine's development, the degree of dependence on fluctuations in demand in EU markets is within the norm. Positive is the destruction of the established approach to the priority of cooperation with the Russian Federation and the acquisition of new markets for agricultural products. The effectiveness of this kind of change in geographical differentiation is confirmed by the positive balance of export-import activity. However, it is worth noting the negative trends in terms of imports. For example, with minimal exports to the United States, we have huge volumes of imports. A mechanism of a certain kind of "structural isolation" should be formed, which would determine the limits of expediency of interstate cooperation in the sense of trade in agricultural products, based on efficiency indicators.

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