Low-dose exposure to endocrine disruptor dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane affects transcriptional regulation of adrenal zona reticularis in male

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 (11) ◽  
pp. 651-655
Author(s):  
N. V. Yaglova ◽  
◽  
S. S. Obernikhin ◽  
V. V. Yaglov ◽  
S. V. Nazimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Zona Reticularis

Low-Dose Exposure to Endocrine Disruptor Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Affects Transcriptional Regulation of Adrenal Zona Reticularis in Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 170 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-685
Author(s):  
N. V. Yaglova ◽  
S. S. Obernikhin ◽  
V. V. Yaglov ◽  
S. V. Nazimova ◽  
E. P. Timokhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Zona Reticularis

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE RETICULAR ZONE OF THE CORTEX OF ADRENAL GLANDS AND OF THE SECRETORY ACTIVITY OF ITS CORTICOSTEROCYTES IN THE PUBERTAL PERIOD IN RATS DEVELOPING AT THE INFLUENCE OF THE ENDOCRINAL DISRUPTER DICHLORODIPHENYLTRICHLOROETHANE

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
D. A. Tsomartova ◽  
N. V. Yaglova ◽  
V. V. Yaglov ◽  
S. S. Obernikhin ◽  
S. V. Nazimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Structural Support

Affection of developing organism by endocrine disruptors is an actively studied topic of scientific research in medicine, caused by a progressive increase in the number of diseases and disorders in the development of the reproductive and endocrine systems. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is the most wide-spread endocrine disruptor. Low-dose exposure to DDT disrupts production of sex steroids by poorly known mechanisms. The research was focused on assessment of morphology of adrenal zona reticularis and fine structure of reticularis endocrine cells and changes in their secretory machinery in rats exposed to low doses of DDT during prenatal and postnatal development. The experimental group consisted of the male offspring of dams, who daily consumed solution of o, p-DDT at a concentration of 20 µg/l, from mating until the end of the suckling period in offspring, which then consumed a similar solution of DDT. Daily consumption of DDT by the offspring was 2,90±0,12 µg/kg body weight. These doses corresponds to levels of exposure of humans to DDT with food products taking to account the differences in metabolism of DDT in rats and humans. The control and experimental rats were sacrificed on the 42nd day of postnatal development (pubertal period). Light microscopy of adrenal sections found hypoplasia of zona reticularis in rats after developmental exposure to endocrine disruptor. Electron microscopy revealed prevalence of cells with low lipid content in cytoplasm, less developed endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi complex and signs of lowered functional activity of mitochondria indicated decreased steroidogenic activity of zona reticularis. These findings explain previously found impaired production of sex steroids in DDT-exposed rats. Electron microscopy also found that disruption of steroid secretion in reticularis cells by DDT led to compensatory enlargement of cells and increase in number of mitochondria per m2 of cytoplasm indicating development of structural support for long-term enhancement of steroidogenic activity.

A review on sources and health impacts of bisphenol A

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Abraham ◽  
Paromita Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
Animal Exposure

AbstractBisphenol-A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical used in the manufacturing of polycarbonates and epoxy resins. This paper is a review of studies reporting the occurrences and concentrations of BPA in the environment and associated impact on human health. Studies have found that at high temperature conditions such as open burning of dumped waste in developing nations can relocate BPA from plastic waste into the environment. BPA is a proven endocrine disruptor capable of mimicking or blocking the receptors and altering hormone concentrations and its metabolism. Even though it is consumed in a low dose, it can stimulate cellular responses and affect body functions. Biomonitoring studies show that human and animal exposure to BPA is rapid and continuous. In-depth studies are needed to understand the fate of these compounds particularly in the developing nations and the associated adverse health impacts of BPA due to prolonged exposure.

scholarly journals Effect of prenatal exposure to the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A on mammary gland morphology and gene expression signature

2007 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Moral ◽  
Richard Wang ◽  
Irma H Russo ◽  
Coral A Lamartiniere ◽  
Julia Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Gene Expression Signature ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Proliferative Index ◽  
Induced Changes

Bisphenol A (BPA), known as an environmental endocrine disruptor, is widely used as a plasticizer. This study aims to investigate whether exposure in utero to BPA alters the architecture, proliferative index, and genomic signature of the rat mammary gland during critical stages of development. Pregnant rats were gavaged with 25 μg BPA/kg body weight (BW; low-dose group) or 250 μg BPA/kg BW (high-dose group) from day 10 post-conception to delivery. Female litters were euthanized at 21, 35, 50, and 100 days, and mammary glands were collected. Analysis of gland morphology was performed from whole-mounted mammary tissue, while proliferative index was determined by detection of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in the epithelial cells. Genomic profiles were obtained by microarray analysis, and some genes were validated by real-time RT-PCR. BPA exposure induced changes in the mammary gland that were time and dose specific. High-dose exposure resulted in architectural modifications, mainly in the number of undifferentiated epithelial structures of the breast tissue. Proliferative index did not show remarkable differences by the effect of BPA. Low and high doses of BPA changed the gene expression signature of the mammary gland following a different fashion: low dose had the highest effect by 50 days, while high dose had a highest influence on gene expression by 100 days. Both doses presented a significant cluster of up-modulated genes related to the immune system at the age of maximal changes. Moreover, high-dose exposure induced changes in genes related to differentiation suggesting alterations in the normal development of the gland. The increase of undifferentiated structures and the changes in the gene expression profile at different ages suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA can affect the susceptibility of the mammary gland to transformation.

TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF RAT ADRENAL ZONA GLOMERULOSA POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT EXPOSED TO LOW DOSES OF DDT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Stanislavovich Obernikhin ◽  
Nataliya Valentinovna Yaglova ◽  
Valentin Vasilyevich Yaglov ◽  
Svetlana Vladimirovna Nazimova
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Canonical Wnt

The role of the transcription factor Oct4 and canonical Wnt signaling in the postnatal morphogenesis of the glomerular zone of the adrenal glands of rats under the conditions of pre- and postnatal exposure to low doses of DDT endocrine disruptor was determined.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document