A review on sources and health impacts of bisphenol A

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Abraham ◽  
Paromita Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
Animal Exposure

AbstractBisphenol-A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical used in the manufacturing of polycarbonates and epoxy resins. This paper is a review of studies reporting the occurrences and concentrations of BPA in the environment and associated impact on human health. Studies have found that at high temperature conditions such as open burning of dumped waste in developing nations can relocate BPA from plastic waste into the environment. BPA is a proven endocrine disruptor capable of mimicking or blocking the receptors and altering hormone concentrations and its metabolism. Even though it is consumed in a low dose, it can stimulate cellular responses and affect body functions. Biomonitoring studies show that human and animal exposure to BPA is rapid and continuous. In-depth studies are needed to understand the fate of these compounds particularly in the developing nations and the associated adverse health impacts of BPA due to prolonged exposure.

scholarly journals Ameliorative effects of quercetin against bisphenol A-caused oxidative stress in human erythrocytes: an in vitro and in silico study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1091-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha P. Sangai ◽  
Chirag N. Patel ◽  
Himanshu A. Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Polymer Additives ◽  
In Silico Study

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor of xenobiotic type, mainly used for the production of polycarbonate plastic, epoxy resins and non-polymer additives.

scholarly journals Effect of prenatal exposure to the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A on mammary gland morphology and gene expression signature

2007 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Moral ◽  
Richard Wang ◽  
Irma H Russo ◽  
Coral A Lamartiniere ◽  
Julia Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Gene Expression Signature ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Proliferative Index ◽  
Induced Changes

Bisphenol A (BPA), known as an environmental endocrine disruptor, is widely used as a plasticizer. This study aims to investigate whether exposure in utero to BPA alters the architecture, proliferative index, and genomic signature of the rat mammary gland during critical stages of development. Pregnant rats were gavaged with 25 μg BPA/kg body weight (BW; low-dose group) or 250 μg BPA/kg BW (high-dose group) from day 10 post-conception to delivery. Female litters were euthanized at 21, 35, 50, and 100 days, and mammary glands were collected. Analysis of gland morphology was performed from whole-mounted mammary tissue, while proliferative index was determined by detection of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in the epithelial cells. Genomic profiles were obtained by microarray analysis, and some genes were validated by real-time RT-PCR. BPA exposure induced changes in the mammary gland that were time and dose specific. High-dose exposure resulted in architectural modifications, mainly in the number of undifferentiated epithelial structures of the breast tissue. Proliferative index did not show remarkable differences by the effect of BPA. Low and high doses of BPA changed the gene expression signature of the mammary gland following a different fashion: low dose had the highest effect by 50 days, while high dose had a highest influence on gene expression by 100 days. Both doses presented a significant cluster of up-modulated genes related to the immune system at the age of maximal changes. Moreover, high-dose exposure induced changes in genes related to differentiation suggesting alterations in the normal development of the gland. The increase of undifferentiated structures and the changes in the gene expression profile at different ages suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA can affect the susceptibility of the mammary gland to transformation.

The Response of Testis Cells to Low Dose X-Irradiation

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 542-543
Author(s):  
D. E. Philpott ◽  
W. Sapp ◽  
C. Williams ◽  
Joann Stevenson ◽  
S. Black
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Post Irradiation ◽  
X Irradiation

The response of spermatogonial cells to X-irradiation is well documented. It has been shown that there is a radiation resistent stem cell (As) which, after irradiation, replenishes the seminiferous epithelium. Most investigations in this area have dealt with radiation dosages of 100R or more. This study was undertaken to observe cellular responses at doses less than 100R of X-irradiation utilizing a system in which the tissue can be used for light and electron microscopy.Brown B6D2F1 mice aged 16 weeks were exposed to X-irradiation (225KeV; 15mA; filter 0.35 Cu; 50-60 R/min). Four mice were irradiated at each dose level between 1 and 100 rads. Testes were removed 3 days post-irradiation, fixed, and embedded. Sections were cut at 2 microns for light microscopy. After staining, surviving spermatogonia were identified and counted in tubule cross sections. The surviving fraction of spermatogonia compared to control, S/S0, was plotted against dose to give the curve shown in Fig. 1.

scholarly journals Changes Caused by Low Doses of Bisphenol A (BPA) in the Neuro-Chemistry of Nerves Located in the Porcine Heart

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Krystyna Makowska ◽  
Slawomir Gonkowski
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heart Wall ◽  
Cholinergic Structures

Bisphenol A (BPA) contained in plastics used in the production of various everyday objects may leach from these items and contaminate food, water and air. As an endocrine disruptor, BPA negatively affects many internal organs and systems. Exposure to BPA also contributes to heart and cardiovascular system dysfunction, but many aspects connected with this activity remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of BPA in a dose of 0.05 mg/kg body weight/day (in many countries such a dose is regarded as a tolerable daily intake–TDI dose of BPA–completely safe for living organisms) on the neurochemical characterization of nerves located in the heart wall using the immunofluorescence technique. The obtained results indicate that BPA (even in such a relatively low dose) increases the number of nerves immunoreactive to neuropeptide Y, substance P and tyrosine hydroxylase (used here as a marker of sympathetic innervation). However, BPA did not change the number of nerves immunoreactive to vesicular acetylcholine transporter (used here as a marker of cholinergic structures). These observations suggest that changes in the heart innervation may be at the root of BPA-induced circulatory disturbances, as well as arrhythmogenic and/or proinflammatory effects of this endocrine disruptor. Moreover, changes in the neurochemical characterization of nerves in the heart wall may be the first sign of exposure to BPA.

Effective adsorption of the endocrine disruptor compound bisphenol a from water on surface-modified carbon materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 552 ◽  
pp. 149513
Author(s):  
A.B. Hernández-Abreu ◽  
S. Álvarez-Torrellas ◽  
R.P. Rocha ◽  
M.F.R. Pereira ◽  
V.I. Águeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Surface Modified

scholarly journals Ionizing Radiation and Translation Control: A Link to Radiation Hormesis?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6650
Author(s):  
Usha Kabilan ◽  
Tyson E. Graber ◽  
Tommy Alain ◽  
Dmitry Klokov
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Translation Control ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Radiation Hormesis ◽  
Downstream Signaling

Protein synthesis, or mRNA translation, is one of the most energy-consuming functions in cells. Translation of mRNA into proteins is thus highly regulated by and integrated with upstream and downstream signaling pathways, dependent on various transacting proteins and cis-acting elements within the substrate mRNAs. Under conditions of stress, such as exposure to ionizing radiation, regulatory mechanisms reprogram protein synthesis to translate mRNAs encoding proteins that ensure proper cellular responses. Interestingly, beneficial responses to low-dose radiation exposure, known as radiation hormesis, have been described in several models, but the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon are largely unknown. In this review, we explore how differences in cellular responses to high- vs. low-dose ionizing radiation are realized through the modulation of molecular pathways with a particular emphasis on the regulation of mRNA translation control.

Continuous exposure to low-dose of bisphenol A alone or in mixture alters adiposgenesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. S159
Author(s):  
Sofiane Boudalia ◽  
Raymond Berges ◽  
Franck Menetrier ◽  
Cécile Helies ◽  
Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Continuous Exposure
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