scholarly journals Characteristics and Performance of Polysulfone-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Synthetic Hybrid Membrane in Water Purification System

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 475-485
Author(s):  
Dayang Nai’mah Salimah Awang Mentali ◽  
Sharifah Abdullah ◽  
Zulhafizal Othman ◽  
Jurina Jaafar ◽  
Nurul Fariha Lokman
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Hybrid Membrane ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Water Purification System ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Optimum Formulation ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
And Performance

Clean water is a fundamental need for human. Whether it is used for recreational purposes, food production, domestic use and drinking, safe and readily available water is important for everyone. Water scarcity is very serious and is one of the most extensive problems affecting people throughout the world. In this study, the emphasis is to fabricate polysulfone-polyvinylpyrrolidone hybrid membrane with different polymer formulation to study the characteristics and morphology in determining the optimum formulation of polysulfone-polyvinylpyrrolidone hybrid membrane. In this study, polysulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone were used as the polymers and 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone was used as the solvent. The optimum formulation is obtained by conducting the test on the membrane; permeate flux test, salt rejection test and tensile test. The resulted optimum polysulfone-polyvinylpyrrolidone hybrid membrane were undergone two more tests which were Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and wastewater quality test. These two tests were conducted to measure its ability to filter the wastewater and the pore size of membrane were captured. The optimum Membrane is sample4 which had the highest value of permeate flux with 33.78 L/m2hr, it had removal percentage of 11.76% for salt rejection, decreased 12.42% in conductivity from 3.3 S/m to 2.89 S/m, and it was able to withstand 48 kN/m2 at strain value of 3.6 m/m. The optimum sample 4 has formed a microfiltration membrane with average 3.23 μm pore size which is successfully filter out particles in the wastewater, where it could remove 44.27% turbidity, 23.08% TSS, 14.29% COD, 4.73% TDS, 4.79% conductivity, 4.34% pH and 13.04% colour.

Influence of Shear Rate on Proteins Separation, Molecular Weight Cut-Off and Average Pore Size of Polysulfone Blend Membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
Asmadi Ali ◽  
Rosli Mohd Yunus ◽  
Mohamad Awang ◽  
Sofiah Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Protein Solution ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
And Performance

Rheological factor such as shear rate during membrane fabrication process has an effect on structural properties and performance of membranes. Flat sheet asymmetric polysulfone/cellulose acetate phthalate/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PSf/CAP/PVP) blend membranes were prepared by using an automatic casting machine at different shear rates in the range of 42.0 to 210.0 s-1. The blend membranes prepared at different shear rate were characterized in terms of its structural properties (molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) and average pore size) and performance (proteins separation). The results showed that increasing the shear rate from 42.0 to105 s-1 has decreased MWCO and average pore size of the blend membranes which then reduced protein solution permeate fluxes and increased proteins rejection of PSf/CAP/PVP blend membranes. However, further increasing the shear rate to 210.0 s-1 has resulted in an increase in MWCO and average pore size and consequently increased protein solution permeate flux but decreased proteins rejection.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanostructured Membrane Engineering Using Reverse Osmosis Recycled Modules: Membrane Distillation Application

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1601
Author(s):  
Jorge Contreras-Martínez ◽  
Carmen García-Payo ◽  
Mohamed Khayet
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Rejection Factor ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes ◽  
Membrane Engineering ◽  
Desalination Plants

As a consequence of the increase in reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants, the number of discarded RO modules for 2020 was estimated to be 14.8 million annually. Currently, these discarded modules are disposed of in nearby landfills generating high volumes of waste. In order to extend their useful life, in this research study, we propose recycling and reusing the internal components of the discarded RO modules, membranes and spacers, in membrane engineering for membrane distillation (MD) technology. After passive cleaning with a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution, these recycled components were reused as support for polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning technique. The prepared membranes were characterized by different techniques and, finally, tested in desalination of high saline solutions (brines) by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). The effect of the electrospinning time, which is the same as the thickness of the nanofibrous layer, was studied in order to optimize the permeate flux together with the salt rejection factor and to obtain robust membranes with stable DCMD desalination performance. When the recycled RO membrane or the permeate spacer were used as supports with 60 min electrospinning time, good permeate fluxes were achieved, 43.2 and 18.1 kg m−2 h−1, respectively; with very high salt rejection factors, greater than 99.99%. These results are reasonably competitive compared to other supported and unsupported MD nanofibrous membranes. In contrast, when using the feed spacer as support, inhomogeneous structures were observed on the electrospun nanofibrous layer due to the special characteristics of this spacer resulting in low salt rejection factors and mechanical properties of the electrospun nanofibrous membrane.

Household water purification system comprising cartridge filtration, UVC disinfection and chlorination to treat turbid raw water

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 102203
Author(s):  
Paulo Marcos Faria Maciel ◽  
Natália de Melo Nasser Fava ◽  
Antônio Wagner Lamon ◽  
Pilar Fernandez-Ibañez ◽  
John Anthony Byrne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Purification System ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Household Water

Submerged Ultrafiltration for Minimizing Energy Process of Refinery Wastewater Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 531-537
Author(s):  
Erna Yuliawati ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Hollow Fibers ◽  
Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Energy Process ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
And Performance

Refinery wastewater treatment is needed especially in the oil-producing arid regions such as oil refineries due to water scarcity. One of potentially applicable process to treat refinery wastewater is a submerged membrane technology. However, the application of submerged membrane systems for industrial wastewater treatment is still in its infancy due to significant variety in wastewater composition and high operational costs. Aim of this study was to investigate ultrafiltration (UF) membrane morphology and performance for refinery produced wastewater treatment. Submerged UF bundle was equipped using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fibers, which added by dispersing lithium chloride monohydrate (LiCl.H2O) and titanium dioxide (TiO2). The comparison of morphological and performance tests was conducted on prepared PVDF ultrafiltration membranes. Distinctive changes were observed in membrane characteristics in term of membrane wettability, tensile testing and roughness measurement. Mean pore size and surface porosity were calculated based on permeate flux. Fouling characteristics for hydrophilic PVDF hollow fibers fouled with suspended solid matter was also investigated. Mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) of 3 g/L and 4.5 g/L were assessed by using submerged PVDF membrane with varied air bubble flow rates. Results showed that effect of air bubbles flow rate of 2.4 ml/min increased flux, total suspended solids (TSS) and sulfide removal of 148.82 L/m2h, 99.82 % and 89.2%, respectively due to increase of turbulence around fibers, which exerts shear stress to minimize particles deposited on membrane surface. It was concluded that submerged ultrafiltration is an available option to minimize energy process for treating such wastewater solution.

Experimental estimation of the efficiency of removing residual amounts of antibiotics and steroid hormones from water with home water purification systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Ю.А. Ремизова ◽  
А.П. Голованова ◽  
Д.А. Рудакова ◽  
А.Г. Митилинеос
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Model Solution ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Water Purification System ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Purification Methods

Для удаления остаточных количеств фармацевтических соединений, присутствующих в питьевой воде, на всех этапах водоподготовки могут применяться разнообразные способы очистки, основанные на различных физико-химических принципах. В работе приведены результаты экспериментального исследования эффективности удаления с помощью бытовой стационарной системы водоочистки остаточных количеств фармацевтических препаратов – антибиотика левомицетина (хлорамфеникола) и стероидного гормона эстрона – из модельного раствора, приготовленного на основе водопроводной воды с добавлением лекарственных препаратов. Показано, что бытовая система водоочистки обладает способностью существенно снижать остаточные концентрации фармацевтических препаратов левомицетина и эстрона на всем протяжении заявленного производителем ресурса. В секторе бытовой водоочистки установки адсорбционного типа по-прежнему остаются наиболее востребованным типом водоочистных систем, обеспечивающих высокую эффективность удаления различных загрязнителей при минимальных капитальных затратах. To remove residual amounts of pharmaceutical compounds present in drinking water, a variety of purification methods based on various physicochemical principles can be used at all stages of water treatment. The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the efficiency of removing residual concentrations of pharmaceuticals – laevomycetin antibiotic (chloramphenicol) and estrone steroid hormone – from a model solution prepared on the basis of tap water with the addition of drugs, using a home fixed water purification system. It is shown that the home water purification system provides for the significant reduction of residual concentrations of chloramphenicol and estrone throughout the service life declared by the manufacturer. In the household water purification sector, adsorption-type units are still the most in-demand type of water purification systems that provide for the high efficiency in removing various pollutants with minimal capital costs.

Water purification system using a heat pump

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (16) ◽  
pp. 3354-3357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Aires Lombardi Queiroz ◽  
Mariana de Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
João Borges Laurindo ◽  
Vivaldo Silveira Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Water Purification System ◽  
Purification System

scholarly journals Proposal of a High-Performance Water Purification System Based on Organic Removal Characteristic.

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-366
Author(s):  
Yasuo Koseki ◽  
Nobuko Hashimoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Takino ◽  
Toshihiko Kaneko ◽  
Syunji Honma
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Organic Removal ◽  
Water Purification System ◽  
Purification System
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