scholarly journals As participações governamentais nas industrias petrolíferas e de gás natural no direito comparado e seu impacto para o desenvolvimento econômico

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arménio Alberto Rodrigues Da Roda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Economic Effectiveness ◽  
The Political ◽  
Administrative Organization ◽  
State Participation ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mixed Nature

<p><strong>RESUMO: </strong>Este artigo trata a análise normativa comparada das participações do Estado nas indústrias petrolíferas e de gás natural, a partir de uma análise da legislação petrolífera no Brasil, Moçambique e Angola, além de uma diminuta análise em relação à Nigéria. Aborda também seu impacto no desenvolvimento econômico dos países mencionados. As participações estatais nas indústrias petrolíferas apresentam natureza distintas em cada ordem jurídica estatal, que pode ter como fonte um ato normativo ou os contratos jurídicos que podem revestir a natureza administrativa ou mista. Posto isso, aludimos ainda sobre o impacto das participações governamentais para o desenvolvimento econômico, relacionando a efetividade econômica dos modelos de participações e suas nuances jurídicas, tomando de partida a organização político-administrativa, modelos tributários e outras formas de compensações.</p><p><strong>Criticism of the interference between powers in the light of luhmann's theory and the new law of abuse of authority </strong></p><p><strong>PALAVRAS-CHAVES:</strong> Participações do Estado nas indústrias petrolíferas e de gás natural; contratos, impactos na economia; natureza contratual.</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong>: This article deals with the comparative normative analysis of the State's participation in the oil and natural gas industries, from an analysis of the petroleum legislation in Brazil, Mozambique and Angola, in addition to a small analysis in relation to Nigeria. It also addresses its impact on the economic development of the countries mentioned. State holdings in the oil industries are distinct in nature in each state legal order, which can be based on a normative act or legal contracts that can be of an administrative or mixed nature. That said, we also alluded to the impact of government participation on economic development, relating the economic effectiveness of participation models and their legal nuances, starting with the political-administrative organization, tax models and other forms of compensation. </p><p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> State participation in the oil and natural gas industries; contracts, impacts on the economy; contractual nature.</p><p><strong>Data da submissão: 05/02/2020</strong><br /><strong>Data da aceitação: 06/05/2020</strong></p>

Comparison Between Two-Shaft Simple and Single-Shaft Recuperated Brayton Cycles Using Different Types of Gaseous Fuels

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Malkogianni ◽  
A. Tourlidakis ◽  
A. L. Polyzakis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Heating

Geopolitical issues give rise to problems in the smooth and continuous flow of oil and natural gas from the production countries to the consumers’ development countries. In addition, severe environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions, eventually guide the consumers to fuels more suitable to the present situation. Alternative fuels such as biogas and coal gas have recently become more attractive because of their benefits, especially for electricity generation. On the other hand, the use of relatively low heating value fuels has a significant effect to the performance parameters of gas turbines. In this paper, the impact of using four fuels with different heating value in the gas turbine performance is simulated. Based on the high efficiency and commercialization criteria, two types of engines are chosen to be simulated: two-shaft simple and single-shaft recuperated cycle gas turbines. The heating values of the four gases investigated, correspond to natural gas and to a series of three gases with gradually lower heating values than that of natural gas. The main conclusions drawn from this design point (DP) and off-design (OD) analysis is that, for a given TET, efficiency increases for both engines when gases with low heating value are used. On the contrary, when power output is kept constant, the use of gases with low heating value will result in a decrease of thermal efficiency. A number of parametric studies are carried out and the effect of operating parameters on performance is assessed. The analysis is performed with customized software, which has been developed for this purpose.

scholarly journals OIL AND NATURAL GAS TRADE BALANCE AND PRODUCTION EFFECTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND BLACK SEA ECONOMIC COOPERATION COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3 (2017)) ◽  
pp. 261-283
Author(s):  
Evangelos Siskos ◽  
Konstantia Darvidou
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Most European Union and Black Sea Economic Cooperation countries are net importers of petroleum and natural gas. Searching for new deposits and construction of new pipelines can improve energy security in the region. The problem is topical for Greece which has a developed refinery industry and needs to improve its trade balance to repay the accumulated external and public debt. Several new pipeline initiatives through Greece can support relations between the EU and BSEC countries. The paper provides previous research review about energy dependency and the effects of trade, production and transportation of hydrocarbons. Next we provide analysis of the effect of the trade on balance of payments in both the EU and BSeC countries. Import dependency of GDP on oil and natural gas is especially large in Malta, Georgia, Ukraine, Serbia and Latvia. On the other hand Russia and Azerbaijan are large net exporters of hydrocarbons. Then we analyse the impact of mining on labour market and refinery industry development. On average larger value added in mining leads to larger employment at least for males and middle age group of people. But the effect largely varies across countries and time periods. Together with construction of new pipelines growth of extraction can result in dozens of thousands of new jobs in Greece. There is a close link between value added in mining and compensation of employees in that industry. We have found evidence that the clustering effect between mining and manufacture of refined petroleum products and coke exists only in some EU countries.

Uncertainty Evaluation of the Natural Gas Molar Mass and Its Flow Rate Impact

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elcio Cruz de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Gas Measurement ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Mass Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact

In Brazil, the National Oil Agency — ANP and the National Metrology Institute elaborated Regulation No 1, on June 19th 2000. This government decree approves the Regulation of the Measurement Technique of Oil and Natural Gas, which establishes the minimum conditions and requirements for the oil and natural gas measurement systems, in order to guarantee accurate and complete results. The natural gas measurement fiscal systems must be projected, calibrated and operated so that the measurement uncertainty does not exceed 1.5%. Based on the norms AGA and ISO, the mathematical model for the calculation of the mass flow rate, depends on quantities that have well known uncertainty such as: orifice plate diameter, pipeline internal diameter, compressibility factor, discharge coefficient, differential pressure, static pressure and flow temperature. However, for the molar mass standard uncertainty fixed values are utilized in Brazil (mainly by IPT and PUC-RJ), around 0.30%, independent of the natural gas composition. The objective of this work is to develop a methodology to calculate the molar mass uncertainty of the natural gas derived from its chemical composition, analyzed by gaseous chromatography and to comparing it with the value currently practiced, evaluating the impact proceeding from this difference in the mass flow rate of the natural gas. Based on this methodology, the molar mass uncertainty is around 0.05% and the fiscal system uncertainty decreases in more than 10% when it is compared with the mass molar fixed value uncertainty.

scholarly journals “Being fat is not a disease but a sign of good living”: The Political Economy of Overweight and Obesity in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Tolulope Osayomi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Good Living ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Increasing overweight and obesity rates have accompanied economic development in recent years. This twofold health issue has become increasingly worrisome and is currently receiving academic interest and government attention.  A growing volume of studies has examined the demographic, socio economic, environmental and cultural risk factors of overweight and obesity in Nigeria where fatness is culturally revered. However, information on large scale factors associated with economic development shaping the geographical distribution of overweight and obesity is sparse. From the political economic standpoint, the central question of this paper is: ‘Does the spatial pattern of overweight and obesity correspond with the varying levels of economic development in Nigeria? The study relied on secondary data from published sources.  Linear regression models were estimated to determine the impact of economic development variables on overweight and obesity. Results reveal that percent population with white collar jobs had a significant positive effect on overweight whereas poverty, gross domestic product (GDP) and degree of urbanization were significantly related to obesity. The paper concludes that the spatial patterns of overweight and obesity follow the pathways of economic development in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Crude oil, natural gas, and economic growth: impact and causality analysis in Caspian Sea region

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Rashed Jahangir ◽  
Betul Yuce Dural
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Price ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact and causality of crude oil and natural gas on economic growth in the Caspian Sea region. Here, the study applies ordinary least square (OLS) method and Granger causality test using time series data from 1997 to 2015 to ascertain the impact and causality of crude oil and natural gas on economic growth. The results, according to the OLS method, evince that crude oil and natural gas have a significant impact on economic growth of the region. Alongside, considering causality test, gross domestic product (GDP) does Granger cause (unidirectional) crude oil price and export which denotes that GDP can help to forecast crude oil price and export; however, crude oil price and export cannot help to forecast GDP. Surprisingly, this direction is unlikely for GDP and natural gas. GDP and natural gas have unidirectional, but opposite causal relationship, i.e., natural gas price and export do Granger cause GDP which signify that natural gas price and export can help to forecast GDP; however, GDP cannot help to forecast crude oil price and export.

Islam and the Politics of Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeel Malik ◽  
Rinchan Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
The Political ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Public Goods Provision ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ongoing Project

This chapter studies the role of religious elites in shaping the politics of development. It argues that the impact of Islam on economic development can be strongly conditioned by history and expressed through an interplay with formal institutional structures. Using insights from an ongoing project on the political economy of shrines in Pakistan (Malik and Mirza 2018), we show how regions with a greater presence of historically significant Muslim shrines experienced a more retarded growth of literacy after General Zia-ul-Haq’s military coup in 1977. These empirical patterns are explained by the historical aversion of shrine-based religious elites to education and their greater ability to suppress education in the wake of the 1977 military coup, which brought shrine elites to greater political prominence and gave elected politicians direct control over public goods provision. The chapter concludes by discussing the entry and persistence of shrine elites in electoral politics and drawing out its implications for the study of Islam and development.

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