scholarly journals Covid-19 in Iraq: an estimated cost to treat patients at a private clinics

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 304-306
Author(s):  
Adil Hassan Alhusseiny ◽  
Ismail Ibrahim Latif ◽  
Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Infected People ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic extended to health, social and economic aspects of human life. The international failure to combat this crisis has left many countries suffering under the influence of successive waves of the pandemic. In this report, we present a private medical clinic's experience dealing with the COVID-19 epidemic in Iraq. The adopted protocol to treat COVID-19 patients has briefly been discussed with an estimated cost of treatment in the private sector. We found that most COVID-19 patients recovered from the disease, except for cases that were associated with co-morbidities. The cost of treatment in the private sector is expensive, and most infected people could not afford it without public sector support.

Research from China finds no significant difference in impact of public service motivation (PSM) in public and private sectors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The authors assumed PSM would be higher in the public sector, but they set up a trial to find out if this was the case. Design/methodology/approach To test their theories, the authors conducted two independent surveys. The first consisted of 220 usable responses from public sector employees in Changsha, China. The second survey involved 260 usable responses from private sector employees taking an MBA course at a university in the Changsha district. A questionnaire was used to assess attitudes. Findings The results found no significant difference between the impact of public sector motivation (PSM) on employee performance across the public and private sectors. The data showed that PSM had a significant impact on self-reported employee performance, but the relationship did not differ much between sectors. Meanwhile, it was in the private sector that PSM had the greatest impact on intention to leave. Originality/value The authors said the research project was one of the first to test if the concept of PSM operated in the same way across sectors. It also contributed, they said, to the ongoing debate about PSM in China.

scholarly journals IMMERSIVE TECHNOLOGIES AS A TOOL OF INNOVATIVE MARKETING IN THE FIELD OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentyna Fostolovych ◽  
Tetiana Botsian
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Immersive Technologies

The permeability of all spheres of both economic activity and human life with digital technologies encourages the search for new marketing ideas necessary for the implementation of the product (goods, works and services).  Today's consumer has become more demanding both to the product itself and to the ways of presenting it.  Immersive technologies are becoming one of the tools that contribute to the formation of competitive advantages, especially the organization of business in the field of entertainment, as one of the areas of additional income in the field of hotel and restaurant services and marketing activities of enterprises.  Digital transformation leads to the search for new initiatives that will be a tool to meet customer needs and a way to reach wider market segments.  The process of digitalization must first be integrated into the economy of the whole state and the enterprise as a whole, and in all processes of production of goods, works and services.  Digital-transformation of domestic enterprises will help to obtain additional competitive advantages both in the domestic market and in the international market.  The formation of competitive advantages is associated not only with the maximum involvement of digital technologies in business.  It is important to choose such technologies that will be most effective in the implementation of a particular type of enterprise, under certain conditions and in a particular environment. The expediency of using immersive technologies as a marketing tool is undeniable.  However, in addition to tools, immersive technologies are important as a means of education, a separate milestone in the field of entertainment, a means of psychological influence and more.  That is, the impact of this tool on the level of competitiveness of the enterprise in the environment of the demanding consumer is manifested: in the form of reducing the cost of attracting the client; active covert promotion through their use; improving the quality of the presented product (goods, works, services); ensuring the elasticity of the enterprise to the needs and requirements of consumers; the transition of the enterprise to an innovative type of development and active digitalization.

Decoding the Great Indian Recapitalisation Plan: Restoring the Health of Public Sector Banks in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-54
Author(s):  
Nikhil Garg
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Public Sector Banks ◽  
The Impact

Indian government has infused `250,000 million in the year 2016 and 2017 followed by `100,000 million within the year 2018 and 2019 with an inspiration of reducing the non-performing assets (NPAs) levels of public sector banks (PSBs). Figuring among the top 20 banks with the highest gross non-performing asset (GNPA) ratios, according to CARE Ratings’ analysis of the first quarter results of 38 banks, PSBs are more stressed than their private sector counterparts. On a quarter-on-quarter basis, the increase in NPAs has been the highest in Quarter 1 FY18 witnessing a rise of 16.6 per cent, achieving `8,293,380 million as of June 2017. This study is an effort to study the impact of NPAs, causes, suggestive measures and the need of recapitalisation of PSBs to tackle the crisis. It further suggests a standardised model which can help banks to keep in check of additional capital required for maintaining minimum CET 1 as per regulatory norms.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Employment Relations Act 2000 on Collective Bargaining

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Lineham ◽  
Louise Fawthorpe ◽  
Boaz Shulruf ◽  
Stephen Blumenfeld ◽  
Roopali Johri
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

This study carried out by the Department of Labour in 2007/08 aims to assess whether there have been any significant changes in the coverage of collective bargaining that can be attributed to the Employment Relations Act 2000. The research draws on administrative data relating to union membership and collective bargaining coverage, as well as qualitative data from employers, employees, union representatives and other employment relations stakeholders. The research shows that collective bargaining has yet to regain pre Employment Relations Act levels. Collective bargaining remains concentrated in the public sector, with low density in the private sector. The study concludes that the effects of the Act on collective bargaining are chiefly observed in the recovery of collective bargaining in the public sector, and the continued decline (in general) in the private sector. The research offers no indications that these patterns will change.  

scholarly journals The impact of supervisor-nurse relationships, patient role clarity, and autonomy upon job satisfaction: Public and private sector nurses

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Shacklock ◽  
Yvonne Brunetto ◽  
Rod Farr-Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Role Clarity ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Patient Role ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the Australian healthcare sector, many changes in the public sector have affected nurse management and thereby, nurses. Yet it is unclear whether such efficiency measures, based on private sector business models, have impacted private sector nurses in similar ways. This paper examines four important issues for nurses: supervisor–subordinate relationships; perceptions of autonomy; role clarity in relation to patients; and job satisfaction. The paper uses an embedded mixed methods research design to examine the four issues and then compares similarities and differences between public and private sector nurses. The findings suggest supervisor–subordinate relationships, patient role clarity and autonomy significantly predict job satisfaction. The private sector nurses reported more satisfaction than public sector nurses with their supervisor–subordinate relationships, plus higher perceptions of patient role clarity and autonomy, and hence, higher levels of job satisfaction. The findings raise questions about whether present management practices (especially public sector) optimise service delivery productivity.

scholarly journals Graduate programs in education, exploring its meaning and significance of training

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Rosario Landín Miranda ◽  
Diana Ramírez Hernández ◽  
Félix Eduardo Núñez Olvera
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Inductive Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In this research, we present an analysis carried out in the city of Poza Rica, state of Veracruz, Mexico on the meaning and significance of education that students attribute to the master programs related to education. We base this work from the Theory of Social Representations of Serge Moscovici (1961) and the Method of Symbolic Interactionism of Herbert Blumer (1969), this research is consistent with the educational policies in the training of professionals, due that from an inductive study with a cualitative perspective, we can do an analysis with more relevance on the impact that the offer of postgraduate has on the training of current professionals. Two study contexts were taken: masters in education offered in the public sector and masters in education offered in the private sector. As well, the agencies that shape the policies for the evaluation of postgraduate programs in Mexico, particularly with emphasis on the CONACYT framework.

scholarly journals Ownership structure, agency costs, and discount rates

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Krishna-Swamy ◽  
Mary M. Pashley
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Agency Costs ◽  
Capital Asset Pricing ◽  
Discount Rates ◽  
Risk Free Rate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Free Rate

In this paper, we explore the effects of agency costs on discount rates for public sector enterprises as well as private sector enterprises. Ownership structure has a direct impact on agency costs, and discount rates. We show this through an application of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) framework. With the addition of agency costs, the discount rate, under uncertainty, for public sector enterprises (PSEs) as well as private sector enterprises (PVTSEs) becomes a variation of the CAPM risk adjusted discount rate plus a premium for agency costs. In some circumstances the impact of agency costs “cancels out,” otherwise it remains a relevant input to the calculation of required rates of return. For PSEs, under risk neutrality, the discount rate is the risk-free rate plus a premium for agency costs

scholarly journals Susceptibility and Sustainability of India against CoVid19: a multivariate approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumi Ray ◽  
Mitu Roy
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Multivariate Approach ◽  
Infected People ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPurposeWe are currently in the middle of a global crisis. Covid19 pandemic has suddenly threatened the existence of human life. Till date, as no medicine or vaccine is discovered, the best way to fight against this pandemic is prevention. The impact of different environmental, social, economic and health parameters is unknown and under research. It is important to identify the factors which can weaken the virus, and the nations which are more vulnerable to this virus.Materials and MethodsData of weather, vaccination trends, life expectancy, lung disease, number of infected people in the pre-lockdown and post-lockdown period of highly infected nations are collected. These are extracted from authentic online resources and published reports. Analysis is done to find the possible impact of each parameter on CoVid19.ResultsCoVid19 has no linear correlation with any of the selected parameters, though few parameters have depicted non-linear relationship in the graphs. Further investigations have shown better result for some parameters. A combination of the parameters results in a better correlation with infection rate.ConclusionsThough depending on the study outcome, the impact of CoVid19 in India can be predicted, the required lockdown period cannot be calculated due to data limitation.

ISLAMIC BLENDED FINANCE FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY IMPACTFUL SMEs TO ACHIEVE SDGs

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
TARIQULLAH KHAN ◽  
FATOU BADJIE
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
National Development ◽  
Contract Design ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Incentive Compatible ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact

In this research, we present a framework for blended Islamic finance for impactful small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). The blend results from discussing the pertinent perspectives that underlie the motives philanthropy, private sector activities and public sector facilitation. The consensus of these three stakeholders on the impact criteria is an essential precondition for the blend to happen. Therefore, we first developed the consensus-based impact criteria for SMEs, namely, 4Zeros & SS (zero-waste, zero-emissions, zero-interest, zero-foreclosures and service to society). After that, we adopted a financial engineering approach to design products by blending the three motives. Financial contracts could be incentive compatible and effective if these three motivations are recognized and brought together. The purpose of our research is to offer such incentive-compatible structures that can mobilize funding for impactful SMEs, save cost as well as generate revenue for self-sustainability. In the contract design, the private sector provides finance, the philanthropist pays the costs of funds, the public sector facilitates, and the impactful SME gets subsidized financing. Since the blended nature of the contract provides a social subsidy to fund the cost element of the financing, the proposed structure creates a win–win result for the blending parties. While financial institutions expand into the SMEs sector for profitability, blended Islamic finance will attract additional resources towards enhancing development impact. Through the philanthropic component, SMEs, on the other hand, will access the source of social subsidy that will relieve the burden of the exorbitant commercial rates. The funding structure will reduce risk perception and spur growth. Consequently, this collaborative and innovative contract design will contribute to achieving multidimensional human development, as enshrined in the Maqasid al-Shariah, and the SDGs. Impactful businesses must integrate environmental, social and governance best practices as well as national development goals. Hence, the proposal offers several benefits and prospects of extended use for other consensus-based purposes such as low-cost housing, solar panelling, health, education, etc.

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