Examining the Significance of the Luzon W-growth Corridor to Agricultural Agglomeration and Labor Productivity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Marie Antoinette Lukban Rosete ◽  
Nancy L. Eleria
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Access Network ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Structural Form ◽  
Endogeneity Bias ◽  
Agriculture Labor ◽  
Least Square Procedure

Abstract Economic corridors are transport routes that form a strategic access network for economic hubs to reinforce regional growth. Transport corridors ensure the decisive movement of people and goods. The Philippines made its initial corridor development efforts aimed at prioritizing local industries and trade activity within its geographical confines. The W-Growth corridor (LWGC) on the island of Luzon passes through the provinces in Central Luzon and extends to the CALABARZON region. This research established the significance of the institutionalization of LWGC on agricultural agglomeration and labor productivity by applying particular measurements for corridor utilization and effects. Annual data on production sectors per region were utilized for corridor monitoring and agriculture productivity were utilized for corridor evaluation. The structural form of the proposed economic models apprised endogeneity bias, so the Two-Stage Least Square procedure was applied. This procedure revealed non-incidence of regional agriculture agglomeration, but that competition for agriculture labor is evident. Trade activity was also found to boost both output and labor productivity in agriculture. Keywords: transport corridor, institutionalization, agglomeration, labor productivity in agriculture

Role of Credit Rating in determining Capital structure: Evidence from Non-Financial sector of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ali ◽  
Imran Yousaf ◽  
Muhammad Naveed
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Credit Rating ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Leverage Ratio ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Capital Structure

This paper aims to examine the impact of external credit ratings on the financial decisions of the firms in Pakistan.  This study uses the annual data of 70 non-financial firms for the period 2012-2018. It uses ordinary least square (OLS) to estimate the impact of credit rating on capital structure. The results show that rated firm has a high level of leverage. Moreover, Profitability and tanagability are also found to be a significantly negative determinant of the capital structure, whereas, size of the firm has a significant positive relationship with the capital structure of the firm.  Besides, there exists a non-linear relationship between the credit rating and the capital structure. The rated firms have higher leverage as compared to the non-rated firms. The high and low rated firms have a low level of leverage, while mid rated firms have a higher leverage ratio. The finding of the study have practical implications for the manager; they can have easier access to the financial market by just having a credit rating no matter high or low. Policymakers must stress upon the rating agencies to keep improving themselves as their rating severs as the measure to judge the creditworthiness of the firm by both the investors and management as well.

Labor productivity as the main criterion of economic growth: theoretical aspects (applied to agriculture)

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Bykovskaya ◽  
◽  
Olga V. Bondarenko ◽  
Elbrus B. Tolparov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Agriculture Labor ◽  
Production Labor

In the system of indicators and signs of the economic development of social production, labor productivity is of crucial importance. The productivity of materialized and living labor is an indicator of the real achievements of the economy - both of an individual business entity and of the entire national economy as a whole, reflects the possibilities of its development in the future and shows the state of each branch of the economy, including agriculture. Labor productivity is the factor that determines the organizational level of an economic entity, characterizes the effectiveness of the management system as a whole, the level of technical and technological equipment of production processes. In addition, labor productivity reflects the professional level of employees, the culture of industrial relations, the stability and organization of the enterprise in a competitive external environment.

scholarly journals Energy Diversification and Economic Development in Emergent Countries: Evidence From Fourier Function-Driven Bootstrap Panel Causality Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veli Yilanci ◽  
Ilham Haouas ◽  
Onder Ozgur ◽  
Samuel Asumadu Sarkodie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Panel Causality ◽  
Emerging Nations ◽  
Fourier Function

Energy is a crucial development indicator of production, consumption, and nation-building. However, energy diversification highlighting renewables remains salient in economic development across developing economies. This study explores the economic impact of renewables (RE) and fossil fuel (NRE) utilization in 17 emerging nations. We use annual data with timeframe between 1980 and 2016 and propose a bootstrap panel causality approach with a Fourier function. This allows the examination of multiple structural breaks, cross-section dependence, and heterogeneity across countries. We validate four main hypotheses on the causal links attached to the energy consumption (EC)-growth nexus namely neutrality, conservation, growth, and feedback hypotheses. The findings reveal a causal relationship running from RE to GDP for Brazil, Egypt, Indonesia, Korea, Pakistan, and the Philippines, confirming the growth hypothesis. Besides, the results validate the conservation hypothesis with causality from GDP to RE for China, Colombia, Egypt, Greece, India, Korea, South Africa, and Turkey. We identify causality from NRE to GDP for Pakistan, Mexico, Malaysia, Korea, India, Greece, Egypt, and Brazil; and from GDP to NRE for Thailand, Peru, Malaysia, India, Greece, Egypt, and Colombia. We demonstrate that wealth creation can be achieved through energy diversification rather than relying solely on conventional energy sources.

Computation of Exterior Acoustics Problems in Two Dimensions by Trefftz-Type Finite Elements

2015 ◽  
Vol 712 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Stojek
Keyword(s):  
Finite Elements ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Radiation Condition ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fe Method ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Least Square Procedure

The paper deals with the application of the so-called T-type finite elements [1] to the calculation of the exterior acoustic problems in two dimensions. The method is based on the use of asuitably truncated T-complete set of Trefftz functions over individual subdomains linked by means ofa least square procedure. The vertex singularities and the Sommerfeld radiation condition are readilyincorporated in the trial functions. In order to show the performance of the approach two examples ofcomputations for infinite cylinders (of circular and square cross section) are presented and comparedwith those obtained by means of h-adaptive FE method [2].

Modelling of Cyclic Plasticity and Viscoplasticity of Directionally Solified DZ125 Superalloy: Part I: Estimating the Parameters of Chaboche Constitutive Equations

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 854-858
Author(s):  
Jie Qiong Li ◽  
Li Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Creep Test ◽  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Cyclic Plasticity ◽  
Initial Material ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Cyclic Relaxation ◽  
Least Square Procedure

Cyclic plasticity and viscoplasticity of directionally solified superalloy, DZ125, have been described using the Chaboche unified constitutive model. A set of initial material parameters has been determined utilizing the monotonic, cyclic, relaxation and creep test data of DZ125 at 980°C, while an optimum set of material parameters has been obtained by means of least-square procedure.

Openness to Import and Productivity

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 319-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. de Boyrie ◽  
Mordechai Kreinin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Least Square Estimation ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Labor Ratio

This article tests the effect of change in the degree of openness to import of goods and services on a country’s productivity. The idea is that by driving resources to industries in which the country has a comparative advantage, imports contribute to increased productivity in the economy. Countries from three distinct regions (OECD, Latin America and Asia), separately and together, were used to test this proposition. A feasible generalized least square estimation method is applied to determine the effect of the capital to labor ratio, openness to imports and real gross domestic product on labor productivity. A panel vector error correction model as proposed by Pesaran et al. (1999) is also performed in order to determine any causal relationship. The effect of imports on labor productivity is found to be positive and significant for the 1990–2011 period under study, strengthening the case for free trade and leading to important policy implications.

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