scholarly journals Water Consumption Trend among Students in a University’s Residential Hall

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Faezzah Mohd Daud ◽  
Suhaida Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Male Student ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
Daily Water Consumption ◽  
Water Meter

In a university, student can be considered as the largest proportion of the campus residents. A university has to allocate high costs to cover student facilities with a very restricted fund.  It is important to understand how the student used these facilities.  Hence, in this study, a trend of water consumption among student was investigated. The objective is to identify the amount of water usage per person and the difference between genders. To measure the water consumption among student, water meter reading (in litres) was done by observing every block of student’s hostels at randomly selected days within five weeks. The collected water meter reading (in litres) was analysed using descriptive and some statistical hypothesis tests. From the analysis, it was found that the average daily water consumption of students in the residential halls is exceed average water demand which is 250 litres/student that provided by Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara (SPAN). In addition, female student found to consume more water than male student. These outcomes showed that the university should take some initiatives to enhance student awareness on the importance of saving their daily water usage. 

scholarly journals Monitoring and forecasting water consumption and detecting leakage using an IoT system

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1103-1113
Author(s):  
Jyoti Gautam ◽  
Amlan Chakrabarti ◽  
Shruti Agarwal ◽  
Anushka Singh ◽  
Shweta Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Monitoring And Forecasting ◽  
Average Water ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
Smart Technologies

Abstract Water is an important resource for life and its existence and, unfortunately, large quantities of water are being wasted on a daily basis. Monitoring the consumption of water can control water usage, and smart technologies can play a useful role. In this paper, a smart system based on Internet of Things (IoT) has been proposed to monitor the water consumption in an urban housing complex. An ultrasonic sensor, together with Arduino, continuously monitors the water level of water tanks on rooftops and sends these data to a server through a Wi-Fi module. Using the data collected from the IoT system, the daily and weekly average water requirement of households can be calculated. Support vector machines (SVM) are used to forecast water consumption. The observed readings are divided into training and testing datasets. Water consumption is predicted for each day for a user. Error is recorded as the difference between the actual consumption and the predicted value, and it decreases as the number of days increase. An algorithm to monitor leakage of water in the tanks has also been proposed. A web interface allows the user to visualize the water usage, monitor their consumption, and detect any leakage and leakage rate in the system.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS TERNAK BABI FASE STARTER

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Alfred Tamawiwy ◽  
M. Najoan ◽  
J S Mandey ◽  
F. N Sompie
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

ABSTRACT   EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) IN THE DIET ON PIG PERFORMANCE. Utilization of fats and oils in pig diets is of great importance due to their high energy value. VCO is obtained by cold press processing of the kernel from the coconut fruit. Utilization of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in the diets on pig performance.  The present study was designed to elaborate the effect of utilization of VCO in the diets on energy and protein digestibility of growing pigs. The experiment was conducted using 20 castrated male pigs aged 1.5 - 2.0 months weighing 12,0±2,0 kg. The data were analyzed according to the linear model procedure for ANOVA appropriate for Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = 100% control diet + 0% VCO; R1 = 99.5% control diet + 1.0% VCO; R2 = 98.0% control diet + 2.0% VCO; R3 = 97.0% control diet + 3.0% VCO; and R4 = 96.0% control diet + 4.0% VCO. Parameters measured were: daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption. The results showed that the utilization of VCO up to 4% in the diets had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption of pigs. It can be concluded that the addition of VCO up to 4.0% in the diets has no significant meaning on pig performance.   Key words: Virgin coconut oil (VCO), Performance, Growing pigs  

scholarly journals Daily Water Consumption and its Contribution to Calcium Intake in Korean Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Sun Park ◽  
Yeon-Kyung Lee ◽  
Mi-Hyun Kim ◽  
Mi-Kyeong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

scholarly journals Influence of Land Use Patterns on Evapotranspiration and Its Components in a Temperate Grassland Ecosystem

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhe Li ◽  
Jiangwen Fan ◽  
Zhongmin Hu ◽  
Quanqin Shao ◽  
Liangxia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Explained Variation ◽  
Infrared Gas Analyzer ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

To better understand variation in response of components of ecosystem evapotranspiration (ET) to grassland use differences, we selected three typical land use patterns in a temperate steppe area: grazed steppe (G), steppe with grazers excluded (GE), and steppe cultivated to cropland (C). ET was divided into its components evaporation (E) and canopy transpiration (T) using herbicide and a chamber attached to a portable infrared gas analyzer (Li-6400). The results indicated that daily water consumption by ET in G was 3.30 kg m−2d−1; compared with G, ET increased significantly in GE at 13.4% and showed a trend of 6.73% increase in C. Daily water consumption by E increased 24.3% in GE relative to G, and C showed 20.2% more than GE. At 0.46, E/ET in C was significantly higher than G at 0.35. Air temperature and the vapor pressure deficit were closely correlated with variation in diurnal ET, E, and T. The leaf area index (LAI) was also positively correlated with daily ET and E varied among grassland use patterns and explained variation in E/ET (81%). Thus, variation in LAI strongly influences the overall magnitude of ecosystem ET and the composition of its components under different grassland use patterns.

scholarly journals Fluctuations of Daily Water Consumption in Sheep.

1967 ◽  
Vol 1967 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Yasushi ASAHIDA ◽  
K^|^ocirc; MIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

scholarly journals Guidelines for irrigation scheduling of banana crop in São Francisco Valley, Brazil. II - Water consumption, crop coefficient, and physiologycal behavior

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Henrique Bassoi ◽  
Antonio Heriberto de Castro Teixeira ◽  
José Moacir Pinheiro Lima Filho ◽  
José Antonio Moura e Silva ◽  
Emanuel Elder Gomes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Irrigation Water Management ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

The water consumption and the crop coefficient of the banana cv. Pacovan were estimated in Petrolina County, northeastern Brazil, in order to establish guidelines to irrigation water management. Evaluations were carried out since planting in January 1999 to the 3rd harvest in September 2001 on a microsprinkler irrigated orchard, with plants spaced in a 3 x 3 m grid. Average daily water consumption was 3.9, 4.0, and 3.3 mm in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd growing seasons, respectively. Crop coefficient values increased from 0.7 (vegetative growth) to 1.1 (flowering). Even with high soil water availability, transpiration was reduced due to high evaporative demand.

Effect of feed deprivation on daily water consumption in healthy horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
David E. Freeman ◽  
Alexandra Mooney ◽  
Steeve Giguère ◽  
Jami Claire ◽  
Chloe Evetts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Feed Deprivation ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

scholarly journals Causes and Effects of Water Consumption Drop by the Population of Cities in Poland - Selected Aspects

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Gorączko ◽  
Rafał Pasela
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
City Population ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
The City ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

Abstract The article presents, with an example of four cities of various size, a phenomenon of a drop in water consumption by the city population in Poland. The paper draws on 1995-2012 official statistics. A significant decrease in household water consumption was observed, which refers to both the total water volume used by households as well as the average daily water consumption per resident. The article also determines the most essential factors affecting the amount of water consumed, out of which the price of water appears to be of the most significant one.

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