PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS TERNAK BABI FASE STARTER

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Alfred Tamawiwy ◽  
M. Najoan ◽  
J S Mandey ◽  
F. N Sompie
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

ABSTRACT   EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) IN THE DIET ON PIG PERFORMANCE. Utilization of fats and oils in pig diets is of great importance due to their high energy value. VCO is obtained by cold press processing of the kernel from the coconut fruit. Utilization of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in the diets on pig performance.  The present study was designed to elaborate the effect of utilization of VCO in the diets on energy and protein digestibility of growing pigs. The experiment was conducted using 20 castrated male pigs aged 1.5 - 2.0 months weighing 12,0±2,0 kg. The data were analyzed according to the linear model procedure for ANOVA appropriate for Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = 100% control diet + 0% VCO; R1 = 99.5% control diet + 1.0% VCO; R2 = 98.0% control diet + 2.0% VCO; R3 = 97.0% control diet + 3.0% VCO; and R4 = 96.0% control diet + 4.0% VCO. Parameters measured were: daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption. The results showed that the utilization of VCO up to 4% in the diets had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption of pigs. It can be concluded that the addition of VCO up to 4.0% in the diets has no significant meaning on pig performance.   Key words: Virgin coconut oil (VCO), Performance, Growing pigs  

Lack of effect of regular movement and of mixing groups on the performance of growing pigs

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
EB Greer
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Floor Space ◽  
Movement Strategies ◽  
Full Period ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

The effect on pig performance of 2 methods to reduce pen stocking densities was examined using 228 pigs growing from 20 to 100 kg in 7 commercial piggeries. Pigs either: (i) remained in the same pen for the full period; (ii) were moved to a different pen every 4 weeks; or (iii) were mixed, after 8 weeks when they weighed about 50 kg, with half the pigs from a second pen and then moved to 2 new pens. Pigs were fed ad libitum the diet normally used on each farm. Daily gain, feed:gain ratio and backfat depth were unaffected by treatment (P> 0.05). There was an indication (P<0.10) that movement increased daily feed intake and this may have been associated with a slight decline in carcass gradings. Fighting occurred when the pigs were mixed after 8 weeks, but no adverse effects were apparent at slaughter. Floor space allowances for growing pigs can be increased by 2 movement strategies (moving or moving-and-mixing) commonly used by producers, with only slight, if any, detriment to performance.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP KECERNAAN ENERGI DAN PROTEIN TERNAK BABI FASE GROWER

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Christofle Tulung ◽  
J. F. Umboh ◽  
F. N. Sompie ◽  
Ch. J. Pontoh
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Randomized Block Design

EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) IN THE DIET ON ENERGY AND PROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY OF GROWING PIGS. Utilization of virgin coconut oil (VCO) as a source of energy, not only increase the enegy in the diet, but also increase energy utilization efficiency. The increase of energy utilization efficiency depends on fat digestibility. The present study was designed to elaborate the effect of utilization of VCO in the diets on energy and protein digestibility of growing pigs. The experiment was conducted using 20 castrated male pigs aged 6-7 weeks weighing 32.5-41.5kg. The data were analyzed according to the linear model procedure for ANOVA appropriate for Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = 100% control diet + VCO; R1 = 99.5% control diet + 0.5% VCO; R2 = 99% control diet + 1.0% VCO; R3 = 98.5% control diet + 1.5% VCO; and R4 = 98% control diet + 2.0% VCO. Parameters measured were: energy and protein digestibility. The result showed that the utilization ov VCO up to 4% in the diets, had no effect (P> 0. 05) on energy and protein digestibility. It can be concluded that the addition of VCO up to 2.0% in the diets has no significant influence on energy and protein digestibility of growing pigs.   Keyword : Virgin coconut oil (VCO), Energy and Protein Digestibility,  Growing Pigs.

scholarly journals Daily Water Consumption and its Contribution to Calcium Intake in Korean Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Sun Park ◽  
Yeon-Kyung Lee ◽  
Mi-Hyun Kim ◽  
Mi-Kyeong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF ISOLATION, OR VARIETAL DIFFERENCES IN, HIGH FIBRE HULL FRACTION OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEALS ON RAT OR PIG PERFORMANCE

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
F. X. AHERNE ◽  
A. J. LEWIS
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Forty-eight crossbred pigs of average initial weight 21 kg were fed 10% Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) and 10% Candle RSM as partial replacements for soybean meal (SBM). Diets were formulated to be isocaloric. Pigs fed the SBM diet consumed less feed, gained significantly (P < 0.01) faster and were more efficient at converting feed to gain than those fed the RSM diets. Performance of pigs fed Candle RSM was not significantly different to that obtained with Tower RSM. In a second experiment, dehulled Tower RSM and Tower RSM hulls were mixed in amounts to produce RSM with crude fibre levels of 6.8, 10.8, 13.5 and 15.8%. The simulated RSM and Tower and Candle RSM were used to completely replace SBM in the diets of weanling (75 g) Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats fed SBM had significantly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gain (ADG) than those fed Tower or Candle RSM, or diets containing the rapeseed meats. There was no significant (P < 0.05) difference in ADG, feed intake or feed to gain ratio of rats fed either Tower or Candle RSM. Feed intake, feed to gain ratio and fecal volatile fatty acid concentrations increased while average daily gain decreased with increasing level of hulls in simulated RSM diets. There was no significant difference (P < 0.05) in thyroid weight between rats fed SBM, Tower RSM or Candle RSM.

172 Effects of Dietary Valine, Isoleucine, and Tryptophan Supplementations to Diets Containing Excess Leucine from Corn Protein on Growth Performance of Growing Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
Woongbi Bi Kwon ◽  
Jose A Soto ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Corn Protein ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that addition of Val, Ile, or Trp alone or in combination will reduce the negative effects of excess Leu in diets for growing pigs. A total of 288 growing pigs (28.6 ± 2.5 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 9 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. There were 2 barrows and 2 gilts in each pen and 8 replicate pens per treatment. A control diet based on corn and soybean meal and 8 diets based on corn and a high-protein corn product (48% crude protein) with 2 levels of crystalline L-Val (0 or 0.10%), L-Ile (0 or 0.10%), and L-Trp (0 or 0.05%) were formulated. The crystalline L-Val, L-Ile, and L-Trp increased standardized ileal digestible (SID) Val:Lys from 70 to 80%, SID Ile:Lys from 53 to 63%, and SID Trp:Lys from 18 to 23%, respectively. All diets were formulated to contain 1.00% SID Lys and the 8 diets containing corn protein contained 171% SID Leu:Lys. Individual pig weights were recorded at the beginning and at the conclusion of the 28-d experiment. Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED of SAS with a pen as the experimental unit. Diet was the fixed effect and block and replicate within block were random effects. Results indicated that final body weight and average daily gain were not different between pigs fed the control diet and pigs fed the diet with Val and Trp addition, but greater (P &lt; 0.001) than for pigs fed the diet with Val addition, Ile addition, Trp addition, Val and Ile addition, Ile and Trp addition, or Val, Ile, and Trp addition (Table 1). In conclusion, addition of Val and Trp to diets with excess Leu may prevent negative effects of excess Leu in diets for growing pigs.

scholarly journals 369 An investigation into the influence of the seaweed extract laminarin on post-weaning pig performance and the intestinal microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Stafford Vigors ◽  
John O’ Doherty ◽  
Mary McDonnell ◽  
Ruth Rattigan ◽  
Torres Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Weaning Pig ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract Marine macroalgal derivatives such as laminarin have been considered as potential bioactive compounds in swine nutrition to improve post-weaning pig performance. However, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of these extracts on the intestinal microbiome and its subsequent influence on performance is not well characterized. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing the diet of newly weaned pigs with laminarin, on animal performance and the intestinal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. At 28 days of age, newly weaned pigs (n = 54) were assigned to one of two dietary groups: 1) basal diet and 2) basal diet + 300 ppm laminarin for a 14-day period. On day 15, nine pigs per treatment (one from each pen) were humanely euthanized and high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was performed on the Illumina MiSeq. Pigs fed the laminarin-supplemented diet had increased average daily feed intake, growth rate and body weight compared to pigs fed the control diet (P &lt; 0.05). Pigs fed the laminarin supplemented diet had reduced abundances of Enterobacteriaceae (P &lt; 0.05) compared to pigs fed the control diet. Enterobacteriaceae and Helicobacteraceae had negative relationships with average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and butyric acid concentrations. In contrast, the beneficial Prevotellaceae were positively correlated with ADFI, ADG, total VFA, acetic, propionic, butyric and negatively correlated with isovaleric acid. Hence, supplementation with laminarin may accelerate the adoption of pigs to a post-weaning diet by promoting the proliferation of bacterial species that favourably enhance nutrient digestion and reduce the load of pathogenic bacteria impacting pig performance.

scholarly journals 165 Impact of mycotoxin contamination of feed on growth performance and blood metabolites of growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
Jesus A Acosta ◽  
Gwendolyn M Jones ◽  
John F Patience
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of deoxynivalenol (DON), derived from contaminated corn, on growth performance and blood metabolites. A total of 32 growing pigs (initial BW 73.1 ± 1.2 kg; L337 × Camborough, PIC, Hendersonville, TN) were randomly allotted in individual pens to 1 of 2 treatments: a non-contaminated control diet (CTL) and a diet containing 1.8 mg DON/kg (CTL+DON). Upon analysis, CTL+DON also contained 1.9 mg zearalenone/kg and 1.0 mg total fumonisins/kg. On d 1, blood samples were obtained at 60, 120 and 240 min following resumed access to feed. Pigs had ad libitum access to feed thereafter and for 28 d in total. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with initial BW, sex and treatment as fixed effects, and blood parameters the repeated measures. Compared with CTL, pigs fed CTL+DON had decreased final BW (102.9 vs 87.5 kg; P < 0.001), ADG (1.06 vs 0.51 kg; P < 0.001) and ADFI (2.97 vs 1.54 kg; P < 0.001). Mycotoxins did not affect G:F (0.35 vs 0.32; P = 0.234 for CTL and CTL+DON, respectively). Compared to CTL, pigs fed CTL+DON had increased levels of blood cholecystokinin, a hormone involved in satiety and digestion (32.1 vs 43.3 pg/mL; P = 0.048), increased ghrelin, a hormone that stimulates appetite and promotes fat deposition (345 vs 654 pg/mL; P = 0.011), a tendency for decreased blood urea nitrogen (19.6 vs 17.1 mg/dL; P = 0.076), and increased creatine kinase (2,826 vs 4,920 IU/L; P = 0.027). No treatment differences were observed for circulating creatinine, glucose, albumin, or alkaline phosphatase. In conclusion, mycotoxin contamination substantially impaired feed intake and growth. Pigs offered mycotoxin-contaminated feed had altered blood parameters related to appetite regulation and nutrient metabolism. However, it was not possible to determine if these differences were due to the mycotoxin contamination or to reduced feed intake.

scholarly journals Influence of Land Use Patterns on Evapotranspiration and Its Components in a Temperate Grassland Ecosystem

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhe Li ◽  
Jiangwen Fan ◽  
Zhongmin Hu ◽  
Quanqin Shao ◽  
Liangxia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Explained Variation ◽  
Infrared Gas Analyzer ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

To better understand variation in response of components of ecosystem evapotranspiration (ET) to grassland use differences, we selected three typical land use patterns in a temperate steppe area: grazed steppe (G), steppe with grazers excluded (GE), and steppe cultivated to cropland (C). ET was divided into its components evaporation (E) and canopy transpiration (T) using herbicide and a chamber attached to a portable infrared gas analyzer (Li-6400). The results indicated that daily water consumption by ET in G was 3.30 kg m−2d−1; compared with G, ET increased significantly in GE at 13.4% and showed a trend of 6.73% increase in C. Daily water consumption by E increased 24.3% in GE relative to G, and C showed 20.2% more than GE. At 0.46, E/ET in C was significantly higher than G at 0.35. Air temperature and the vapor pressure deficit were closely correlated with variation in diurnal ET, E, and T. The leaf area index (LAI) was also positively correlated with daily ET and E varied among grassland use patterns and explained variation in E/ET (81%). Thus, variation in LAI strongly influences the overall magnitude of ecosystem ET and the composition of its components under different grassland use patterns.

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