scholarly journals Methodological outlines for assessing the costs of cancer patients care

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Andreev ◽  
Aleksander A. Zavyalov ◽  
Tatiana N. Ermolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Censored Data ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Morbidity Data

Introduction. The planning of funding in the public health system and specifically in cancer care remains a challenge for the medical community. Some issues of cancer cost analysis are still not entirely resolved. Aims. To review the options for analysis of direct cancer costs based on registered follow-up data. Methods. The targeting and consensus search methodology was applied to collect the relevant papers from PubMed, Cochrane, E-library (RSCI). Results and Discussion. The following options have been identified: 1) using incidence data; 2) using prevalence data; 3) system net and total costs approach; 4) phase approach; 5) cost estimation using censored data. The incidence costs are related to the time of diagnosis. The prevalence costs represent the costs over a fixed calendar period. The net costs can be calculated by subtracting the mean costs across non-cancer patients from the total mean costs across comparable cancer patients. Total costs are defined as the summated costs for cancer patients regardless of whether they are associated with cancer or not. Phase analysis is a variant of estimates based on morbidity data and includes identifying specific periods from the diagnosis when the costs significantly change. Cost estimation using censored data provides for the application of mathematical modeling methods. Conclusion. The availability of combined cost analysis methods makes it possible to obtain a comprehensive economic assessment for cancer treatment approaches.

scholarly journals A retrospective study of a pre-travel consultation in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Galhano Lopes ◽  
M Bragança Pereira ◽  
M Machado Gil ◽  
S Duarte ◽  
A Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccine ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Medical Referral ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Travel from Portugal to other countries has increased in the past 5 years. A pre-travel health consultation is advised to all travellers to raise awareness and reduce travel-related risk. We describe the experience of a pre-travel consultation centre in the public health service. Methods A retrospective observational study about consultations in an international vaccination centre between 2014-2018. Variables included were: sex, age, destination, purpose, referral, and prescriptions. Descriptive analyses were performed for all variables. Results Between 2014 and 2018, there were 1,546 consultations. Regarding individual characteristics, 54% were female, and 80% had between 15 and 64 years of age. There was no referral in 66% of the consultations, followed by 16% from general practitioners in the Primary Care Centres Group. The leading destination was Africa (54%), in a downward trend (74% in 2015 and 32% in 2018) followed by Asia (18%) with an upward trend (12% to 28% in the same period). The primary purpose was tourism (83%), followed by work (9%). In total, 3,287 vaccines were prescribed with typhoid fever vaccine accounting for 26%, hepatitis A vaccine 22%, and yellow fever vaccine 15%. Mefloquine was the primary therapeutic drug prescribed for destinations with risk for malaria (41%). Regarding destinations with low risk for malaria, in 42% of the consultations, personal protective measures were the only recommendation. Conclusions Our data show that pre-travel consultations seem to be valued and actively asked for by travellers, but medical referral is still insufficient. Regarding health promotion and prevention of diseases, tracking trends in the most common destinations allows to optimize the information provided in the consultation, effectively capacitating the traveller to recognize and act on the most common travel-related health risks. In further studies, a post-travel follow-up should be carried out to determine the impact of the consultation. Key messages Pre-travel consultation is an actively sought-after service by the community, but awareness should be promoted in the medical community. Pre-travel consultation can have an important role in the health literacy of travellers.

Using Benefit-Cost Analysis in Special Education

1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrell R. Lewis ◽  
Robert H. Bruininks ◽  
Martha Thurlow ◽  
Kevin McGrew
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Service Programs ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Social Service Programs

With the increasing application of benefit-cost analysis to other social service programs, the public has come to expect that similar economic analysis can be applied to special education. This article reports on some of the issues and problems inherent in such an effort. Data from a large study dealing with the costs and follow-up benefits of special education in public schools are used to illustrate that with appropriately identified and valued costs and benefits, it is possible to employ a formal benefit-cost framework to assess the efficacy and efficiency of special education services. A number of hypothetical comparison groups involving students with mild retardation are offered as illustrations in the use of this evaluation technique.

733: The Prognostic Value of E-Cadherin, Alpha-, and Beta-Catenin in Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients: Long Term Follow-Up Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Kyoichi Tomita ◽  
Haruki Kume ◽  
Keishi Kashibuchi ◽  
Satoru Muto ◽  
Shigeo Horie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
E Cadherin

Efektivitas Layanan Darurat Jakarta Siaga 112 dalam Penanganan Kebakaran oleh UPT. Pusat Data & Informasi Kebencanaan BPBD Provinsi DKI Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Musa
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Service ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Information Center ◽  
Disaster Data ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Document Review

This research was conducted to determine the Effectiveness of Jakarta Siaga 112 Emergency Services in Fire Management by UPT. Disaster Data & Information Center of BPBD DKI Jakarta Province by paying attention to aspects contained in the Effectiveness of the Jakarta Siaga Emergency Service Program 112. The research method was carried out with a case study method with data collection techniques using interview methods and document review. Interviews were conducted on 10 (ten) key informants, document review focused on documents related to the Jakarta Emergency Alert Service 112 Effectiveness research in Fire Management. The results showed that the Effectiveness of Jakarta Siaga 112 Emergency Services in Fire Management by UPT. The Center for Disaster Data & Information BPBD DKI Jakarta Province Its effectiveness is still low, due to the Implementation of Emergency Services Jakarta Standby 112 in Fire Management implemented by UPT. Disaster Data & Information Center of BPBD DKI Jakarta Province in terms of the Target Group Understanding of the Program, the Achievement of the Program Objectives aspects, and the Program Follow-up aspects. It is recommended to continue to disseminate this Emergency Service to the public, it is necessary to increase the firm commitment of the Head of 8 SKPD related to fire management so that all units play a role in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for Fire Management and the evaluation and follow-up of program services that are held periodically 3 once a month.Keywords: Effectiveness, Emergency Services, Fire Handling

Biorefinery implementation for recovery debottlenecking at existing pulp mills- Part II: Techno-economic evaluation

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAKIM GHEZZAZ ◽  
LUC PELLETIER ◽  
PAUL R. STUART
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Precipitation Process

The evaluation and process risk assessment of (a) lignin precipitation from black liquor, and (b) the near-neutral hemicellulose pre-extraction for recovery boiler debottlenecking in an existing pulp mill is presented in Part I of this paper, which was published in the July 2012 issue of TAPPI Journal. In Part II, the economic assessment of the two biorefinery process options is presented and interpreted. A mill process model was developed using WinGEMS software and used for calculating the mass and energy balances. Investment costs, operating costs, and profitability of the two biorefinery options have been calculated using standard cost estimation methods. The results show that the two biorefinery options are profitable for the case study mill and effective at process debottlenecking. The after-tax internal rate of return (IRR) of the lignin precipitation process option was estimated to be 95%, while that of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process option was 28%. Sensitivity analysis showed that the after tax-IRR of the lignin precipitation process remains higher than that of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process option, for all changes in the selected sensitivity parameters. If we consider the after-tax IRR, as well as capital cost, as selection criteria, the results show that for the case study mill, the lignin precipitation process is more promising than the near-neutral hemicellulose pre-extraction process. However, the comparison between the two biorefinery options should include long-term evaluation criteria. The potential of high value-added products that could be produced from lignin in the case of the lignin precipitation process, or from ethanol and acetic acid in the case of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process, should also be considered in the selection of the most promising process option.

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