scholarly journals Comparative chemical profiling of purified and unpurified Strychnos nux-vomica Linn seeds: An attempt to reduce toxic Brucine content

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-819
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Meena ◽  
Poorna Venktaraman ◽  
Panda P ◽  
Murali Krishna C ◽  
Kusuma Ganji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Vishamusthi (Strychnos nux-vomica Linn.), a medicinal plant described as Upavisha (semi-poisonous) group of Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Vishamusthi has widely been used and being practiced in several illness namely nervous debility, paralysis, weakness of limbs, sexual weakness, dyspepsia and etc. Ayurveda practices strictly recommend the use of Vishamusthi in therapeutics only after proper shodhana (purificatory procedure) through specific medias such as Gomutra (cow’s urine), Godugdha (cow’s milk), Goghrita (cow’s ghee), and etc. Although various shodhana procedures are recommended in Ayurvedic treatise, but updated scientific researches regarding the shodhana methods are lacking. The present study was undertaken to investigate the physicochemical and phytochemical parameters, quantitative estimation of brucine using cutting edge research tools such as high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses of Vishamusthi seeds before and after purification. The remarkable changes have been observed in different physicochemical parameters, HPTLC, HPLC, GC-MS and LC-MS chromatographic profiling before and after shodhana process of Vishamusthi seeds. Quantitative HPLC studies revealed that the process of shodhana resulted in depletion of toxic brucine (chief poisonous constituent of Vishamusthi seeds) reduced to 79.66% in chloroform extract and 64.54% in ethanol extract after shodhana process.

scholarly journals N-[4-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridin-2′-yl]benzene-1,4-diamine

Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1030 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (4) ◽  
pp. M1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhafer Zinad ◽  
Dunya AL-Duhaidahaw ◽  
Ahmed Al-Amiery ◽  
Abdul Kadhum
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Aromatic Substitution ◽  
Target Compound ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Snar Reaction ◽  
Layer Chromatography

N-[4-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridin-2′-yl]benzene-1,4-diamine was synthesized with a good yield by the reaction of 2′-chloro-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2,4′-bipyridine with 4-phenylenediamine. The functionalization of the pyridine was accomplished by a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction that afforded the target compound. The synthesized compound was characterized by chemical analysis, which includes nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR), Thin Layer Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TLC-MS), high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and elemental analysis.

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