scholarly journals An unusual roosting habit of a painted bat (Kerivoula picta) from Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-139
Author(s):  
R.K. de Mel ◽  
A.P. Sumanapala ◽  
H.D. Jayasinghe ◽  
S.S. Rajapakshe ◽  
R.P. Nanayakkara
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Bright Orange ◽  
Abandoned Nest ◽  
Banana Leaves

The painted bat, Kerivoula picta (Pallas, 1767) is considered one of the most aesthetically appealing bats in Sri Lanka with bright orange fur and black wings. However, very little information is available with regard to the ecology of this species in both local and global contexts. Of its roosting habits, Phillips (1980) reports that in Sri Lanka the bat is usually found roosting among banana leaves while it has been observed utilising tall grass species and even an abandoned nest of a Baya Weaver (Plocius philippinus) for this purpose. Here we report an observation of the species using a man-made artefact for roosting during the day.

Floristic Diversity of Asan Wetland, Uttarakhand: A Checklist

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Mohit Kumar Singh ◽  
◽  
A.K. Tripathi ◽  
V. Jeeva ◽  
Sumer Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
The Given ◽  
Support Research

Asan wetland is a man-made wetland located in Uttarakhand state. In the given study, efforts have been made to study the floristic diversity and species composition of the aquatic macrophyte in Asan wetland and provide a check list. Sixty seven species were recorded under 32 families being maximum in Cyperaceae followed by Poaceae and Asteraceae. Remaining families comprised either one or two species each. Among all the recorded species, monocots (54%) were dominated over dicots (42%) and remaining 4% comprised ferns. Herbaceous macrophytes were found growing abundantly (54%) which are followed in degree of prevalence by the grasses (21%), sedges (18%), shrubs (4%) and climbers (3%). In addition, this study also revealed that pollution resistant species like Bacopa monnieri, Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria spiralis and Eichhornia crassipes along with tall grass species which grow in shallow water are spreading considerably that indicates an increasing pollution in the wetland. The present study will provide an important set of informations to support research work like limnological studies, productivity, conservation and management programs of this wetland.

scholarly journals Distribution and Habitat Preference of Hispid Hare (Caprolagus Hispidus) In Shuklaphanta National Park, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Dhirendra Bahadur Chand ◽  
Laxman Khanal ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Chalise
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
National Park ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Food Species ◽  
Study Sites

 Hispid hare (Caprolagu shispidus) is an endangered lagomorph which had a wide range of distribution in the past, but currently it is known to occur only from few isolated tall grass pockets of India and Nepal. We explored the population status, habitat utilization and existing threats of the Hispid hare at Shuklaphanta National Park (SNP) by the strip transect and quadrate sampling methods from November 2015 to May 2016 covering both winter and summer seasons. Four study sites of total 1.58ha were selected within SNPand strip transects were randomly laid to determine presence and absence of pellets of Hispid hare and their counts were used to estimate the population density. The Population density of Hispid hare was found to be 0.1820/ha in winter and 0.2268/ha in summer with the statistically significant preference to the tall grassland habitat. Twelve grass species were identified in the habitat of Hispid hare with dominancy of Saccharum spontaneum, Imperata cylindrica, Narenga porphyrocoma, and Saccharum munj. Among the grasses, Imperata cylindrica and Narenga porphyrocoma were the food species of higher preference for Hispid hare.

scholarly journals KING COCONUT

CORD ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Nandanie D. Ediriweera, Ph.D.
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Water Cool ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Bright Orange ◽  
Marco Polo ◽  
Orange Colour

The king coconut (Thambili) which is characterized by its bright orange colour is said to have originated in Sri Lanka and is tertned cocos nucifera var. Aurantiaca. The diagnostic characters of varieties are mostly nut size, colour of epicarp, mesocarp and thickness of endosperm.   Marco Polo, who passed through Sumatra more than seven hundred years ago described the coconut as containing an edible substance that is sweet and pleasant to the taste. He said, ‘the cavity of pulp is filled with the liquid clear as water, cool and better flavoured and more delicious than wine or any other kind of drink whatever’.

scholarly journals Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus Horsfield, 1821 (Ciconiiformes: Ciconiidae) in the dry lowlands of Sri Lanka: distribution, ecology, and threats

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 8089
Author(s):  
Thilina N. De Silva ◽  
Sumudu Fernando ◽  
Haritha B. De Silva ◽  
Parami Tennakoon
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Field Sampling ◽  
Active Nest ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Habitat Loss And Fragmentation ◽  
Abandoned Nest ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

<p>The<strong> </strong>Lesser Adjutant <em>Leptoptilos javanicus</em> is a globally threatened species of stork; in Sri Lanka, it is a scarce resident breeder, and the largest bird in the country, yet the population status and ecology of the species is poorly understood.  This study tracks the stork’s spatial distribution and habitat use within the island, along with aspects of its ecology.  Data was collected via field sampling and questionnaire surveys, over a period of five years across the lowlands of the country.  The bird was observed 184 times, with numbers per sighting ranging from 1–17 individuals.  The species’ distribution was restricted to dry lowlands (rainfall &lt;2200mm, elevation &lt;300m).  The bird showed preference for savannah/woody savannahs, dry mixed evergreen forests, permanent wetlands, and croplands, and was prominently found within protected areas.  Lesser Adjutants were generally solitary, except in the driest months of the year (i.e., August–September and March–April), which are probably the two breeding periods of the bird in Sri Lanka.  Except for an abandoned nest, no active nest was found.  Habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, agricultural intensification, and development projects were identified as potential threats faced by the species, which varied in magnitude across the country.</p><div> </div>

scholarly journals Vertical structure and diurnal variability of ammonia exchange potential within an intensively managed grass canopy

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Herrmann ◽  
M. Mattsson ◽  
S. K. Jones ◽  
P. Cellier ◽  
C. Milford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Exchange Potential ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Nh3 Emission ◽  
Intensively Managed

Abstract. Stomatal ammonia compensation points (χs) of grass species on a mixed fertilized grassland were determined by measurements of apoplastic [NH4+] and [H>+] in the field. Calculated χs values were compared with in-canopy atmospheric NH3 concentration (χa) measurements. Leaf apoplastic [NH4+] increased by a factor of two from the lowest level in the canopy to the top level. Bulk leaf [NH4+] and especially [NO3−] slightly increased at the bottom of the canopy and these concentrations were very high in senescent plant litter. Calculated χs values were below atmospheric χs at all canopy levels measured, indicating that the grassland was characterized by NH3 deposition before cutting. This was confirmed by the χa profile, showing the lowest χa close to the ground (15 cm above soil surface) and an increase in χa with canopy height. Neither χs nor χa could be measured close to the soil surface, however, the [NH4+] in the litter material indicated a high potential for NH3 emission. A diurnal course in apoplastic [NH4+] was seen in the regrowing grass growing after cutting, with highest concentration around noon. Both apoplastic and tissue [NH4+] increased in young grass compared to tall grass. Following cutting, in-canopy gradients of atmospheric χa showed NH3 emission but since calculated χs values of the cut grass were still lower than atmospheric NH3 concentrations, the emissions could not entirely be explained by stomatal NH3 loss. High tissue [NH4+] in the senescent plant material indicated that this fraction constituted an NH3 source. After fertilization, [NH4+] increased both in apoplast and leaf tissue with the most pronounced increase in the former compared to the latter. The diurnal pattern in apoplastic [NH4+] was even more pronounced after fertilization and calculated χs values were generally higher, but remained below atmospheric [NH3].

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Potential of Crude Extract of Curvularia lunata, an Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Cymbopogon caesius

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Avinash ◽  
H. S. Ashwini ◽  
H. N. Ramesh Babu ◽  
Y. L. Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Potato Dextrose Broth ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Highly Active

Cymbopogon caesius grass is an aromatic tall grass species which grows in waste field and along the edges of crop fields in Karnataka. From this grass fungal endophytes were isolated on PDA medium and identified as Curvularia lunata. The fungus was cultured on Potato Dextrose broth for production of fungal metabolites. Ethyl acetate extract of the C. lunata was obtained by liquid-liquid partition of broth of endophyte and evaporation. Dried crude extract was tested for antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method. The extract showed antimicrobial nature against all the test pathogens. Crude extract of C. lunata is highly active against Staphylococcus aureus with the inhibition percentage of 92 and Candida albicans with 81 percent inhibition.

Competitive Strategy of Subalpine Tall-Grass Species of the Northwestern Caucasus

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
K. V. Dudova ◽  
T. M. Dzhatdoeva ◽  
S. V. Dudov ◽  
A. A. Akhmetzhanova ◽  
D. K. Tekeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Strategy ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Northwestern Caucasus

scholarly journals Vertical structure and diurnal variability of ammonia exchange potential within an intensively managed grass canopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2897-2921 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Herrmann ◽  
M. Mattsson ◽  
S. Jones ◽  
P. Cellier ◽  
C. Milford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Exchange Potential ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Nh3 Emission ◽  
Intensively Managed

Abstract. Stomatal ammonia compensation points (χs) of grass species on a mixed fertilized grassland were determined by measurements of apoplastic NH4+ and H+ in the field. Calculated χs-values were compared with in-canopy atmospheric NH3 concentrations (χa) measured by micrometeorological techniques. Leaf apoplastic NH4+ did not significantly differ between intact leaves from different heights above the ground. Bulk leaf NH4+ and especially NO3− slightly increased at the bottom of the canopy and these concentrations were very high in senescent plant litter. Calculated χs-values were below atmospheric χa at all canopy levels measured, indicating that the grassland was characterized by NH3 deposition before cutting. This was confirmed by the χa profile, showing the lowest χa close to the ground (15 cm above soil surface) and an increase in χa with canopy height, especially during the night. Neither χs nor χa could be measured close to the soil surface, the litter NH4+ material indicated a high potential for NH3 emission tough. A diurnal course in apoplastic NH4+ was seen in the regrowing grass growing after cutting, with highest concentration around noon. Both apoplastic and tissue NH4+ increased in young grass compared to tall grass. Following cutting, in-canopy gradients of atmospheric χa showed NH3 emission but since calculated χs-values of the cut grass were still lower than atmospheric NH3 concentrations, the emissions could not entirely be explained by stomatal NH3 loss. High tissue NH4+ in the senescent plant material indicated that this fraction constituted an NH3 source. After fertilization, NH4+ increased both in apoplast and leaf tissue with the most pronounced increase in former compared to the latter. The diurnal pattern in apoplastic NH4+ was even more pronounced after fertilization and calculated χs-values were generally higher, but remained below atmospheric NH3.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF CANOPY HEIGHT AND BIOMASS OF <i>MISCANTHUS SINENSIS</i> IN SEMI-NATURAL GRASSLAND USING TIME-SERIES UAV DATA

2020 ◽  
Vol V-3-2020 ◽  
pp. 497-503
Author(s):  
N. Miura ◽  
S. Yamada ◽  
Y. Niwa
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Complex Topography ◽  
Vegetation Survey ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Natural Grassland

Abstract. Grasslands are important ecosystems to provide various economic and ecological services. In Japan, grassland of Miscanthus sinensis, which is a tall, perennial grass species, has been one of the symbolic landscape and require efficient monitoring system for better management. In this study, canopy height and biomass of M. sinensis in semi-natural grassland are estimated using time-series UAV imagery and structure from motion (SfM) and multi-view stereo (MVS) technique. The effect of complex topography on estimation of the canopy height and biomass is analysed as well as monitoring growth of M. sinensis. The results showed that UAV derived maximum canopy height and biomass have significant correlation with vegetation survey data producing R2 value of 0.92 and 0.78, respectively. The effect of topographic landforms was found to be smallest on top of the hill, followed by slope. Valley-like sunken place was affected worst. Analysis using time-series UAV data revealed that growth of M. sinensis is different between the landforms, and the best time to estimate its biomass was different between them. In order to accurately estimate canopy height and biomass of tall grass species such as M. sinensis, it is important to take plant growth stage into consideration as well as topographic landforms.

Pasture productivity in Nigeria: I. Dry matter production and chemical composition of herbage

1975 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Oyenuga ◽  
F. O. Olubajo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Tall Grass ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cynodon Nlemfuensis

SUMMARYThe yields of four tropical grass/legume pasture mixtures were studied over a 4-year period. These mixtures had the following composition: H, Cynodon nlemfuensis var. robustus, together with the legumes Centrosema pubescens (Benth.), and Stylosanthes gracilis (H.B.K.); J, Pennisetum purpureum (Schum.) plus the two legumes in H; K, treatment J mixture plus Panicum maximum (Jacq.); and L, a mixture of treatments H, J and K. Each treatment paddock was grazed in rotation between 19 April 1966 and 21 November 1969.The mean annual dry-matter yields over the 4 years of grazing were approximately 37 ± 5·7, 41 ± 2·6, 44 ± 10·2 and 47 ± 8·7 t/ha for treatments H, J, K and L respectively. The overall mean for the four treatments was 42 ± 5·1 t/ha/annum.It was observed that the dry-matter yield of the three mixtures in J, K and L, containing the tall grass species, was significantly superior to that of treatment H; however, they were not statistically different among themselves.After the second year of grazing Stylosanthes gracilis diminished gradually and it was almost absent from the swards by the final year of grazing, while Centrosema pubescens maintained its stand throughout the experimental period.With the exception of phosphorus and sodium, levels of mineral elements in the pastures were above the recommended allowances for various classes of livestock.The average level of zinc was only slightly below the recommended value.

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