scholarly journals Observations on the Prospects for a Private University Sector in Ontario

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Robert M. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Private Colleges ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Private University ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Education ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
The Public ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Current Emphasis

Unlike the United States, the Canadian provinces have established public monopolies of degree-granting institutions to which there are few private exceptions. This paper offers a case-study of challenges to the public monopoly in university education in one province—Ontario. Recently, the Ontario Council on University Affairs has been hearing the opinions of a number of interest groups and private colleges which have challenged the regulations limiting broad degree-granting privileges to the existing publicly-funded universities and their affiliates. Following a brief historical account of the development of the public monopoly, the arguments of these proponents of private universities are reviewed and evaluated under the headings of their proposed benefits of "accessibility", "diversity" and "quality". It is concluded that, from a sociologist's perspective, the arguments for the establishment of private universities in the province are not strong. However, given the current emphasis on privatization, the pressure for private universities will probably continue to grow in all Canadian provinces. Thus, a recommendation is made for improvement of Ontario's current inadequate affiliation arrangements.

scholarly journals From discovery to delivery: public sector development of the rVSV-ZEBOV Ebola vaccine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Herder ◽  
Janice E Graham ◽  
Richard Gold
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
The United States ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The discovery and development of the Ebola rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine challenge the common assumption that the research and development for innovative therapeutic products and vaccines is best carried out by the private sector. Using internal government documents obtained through an access to information request, we analyze the development of rVSV-ZEBOV by researchers at Canada’s National Microbiology Laboratory beyond its patenting and licensing to a biotech company in the United States in 2010. According to government documentation, the company failed to make any progress toward a phase 1 clinical trial until after the WHO Public Health Emergency of International Concern freed substantial donor and public funds for the vaccine’s further development. The development of rVSV-ZEBOV, from sponsoring early stage research through to carrying out clinical trials during the epidemic, was instead the result of the combined efforts of the Canadian government, its researchers, and other publicly funded institutions. This case study of rVSV-ZEBOV underscores the significant public contribution to the R&D of vaccines even under conditions of precarity, and suggests that an alternative approach to generating knowledge and developing interventions, such as open science, is required in order to fully realize the public sector’s contribution to improved global health.

How does the public and private university environment affect students’ entrepreneurial intention?

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Duarte Canever ◽  
Maria Renata Martínez Barral ◽  
Felipe Garcia Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Business Students ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Private University ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
University Environment ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the causal links between public and private university environments and the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of students. Design/methodology/approach The impact of different university environments on the students’ EI was checked using a model adapted from Krueger et al. (2000). The study comprised a sample of students enrolled in business administration from three public and three private universities at first semester (freshmen) and at the last two semesters (senior) in Brazil. The model was measured through various questions and later assessed by principal component analysis to build constructs. Via t-test and path analysis the EI and the antecedents were subjected to a comparative analysis to test the equality of the models across the four categories emerged. Findings The two main types of Brazilian university environments (public and private) do not present significant differences in the way they influence EI and its antecedents. Both the tests of means and the tests of measurement of the structural relations between constructs confirm this finding with only a few exceptions. The result of this study is opposed to other studies carried out in Brazil, by showing that the public university environment is not worse for the entrepreneurship than the private. The environmental effects are mostly equal and they as a whole are not conducive to the development of EI. Research limitations/implications The study comprises business students only, and enrolled on regular universities. It is worth highlighting that evidence was brought to the debate for a group of universities in Brazil. Replicating the study with students from other areas and other universities, as well as students in Master’s and Doctorate programs could enrich the analyses. Practical implications This study provides insight into entrepreneurship education, as to which the university environment is conducive to the entrepreneurship. It brings insights for the development of entrepreneurial universities. Originality/value This study contributes to understanding the differences between the public and private universities environment regarding students’ EI.

Gaining a Voice: Storytelling and Undocumented Youth Activism in Chicago*

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Swerts
Keyword(s):  
Community Building ◽  
The United States ◽  
Youth Activism ◽  
Undocumented Youth ◽  
New Members ◽  
Youth Movement ◽  
The Public ◽  
Context Type ◽  
The Social

In recent years, undocumented youth have come out of the shadows to claim their rights in the United States. By sharing their stories, these youth gained a voice in the public debate. This article integrates insights from the literature on narratives and emotions to study how story-telling is employed within the undocumented youth movement in Chicago. I argue that undocumented youth strategically use storytelling for diverging purposes depending on the context, type of interaction, and audience involved. Based on ethnographic research, I show that storytelling allows them to incorporate new members, mobilize constituencies, and legitimize grievances. In each of these contexts, emotions play a key role in structuring the social transaction between storyteller and audience. Storytelling is thus a community-building, mobilizing, and claims-making practice in social movements. At a broader level, this case study demonstrates the power of storytelling as a political tool for marginalized populations.

Shaping Digital Democracy in the United States

2014 ◽  
pp. 213-231
Author(s):  
Rachel Baarda ◽  
Rocci Luppicini
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Public Sphere

Ethical challenges that technology poses to the different spheres of society are a core focus within the field of technoethics. Over the last few years, scholars have begun to explore the ethical implications of new digital technologies and social media, particularly in the realms of society and politics. A qualitative case study was conducted on Barack Obama's campaign social networking site, my.barackobama.com, in order to investigate the ways in which the website uses or misuses digital technology to create a healthy participatory democracy. For an analysis of ethical and non-ethical ways to promote participatory democracy online, the study included theoretical perspectives such as the role of the public sphere in a participatory democracy and the effects of political marketing on the public sphere. The case study included a content analysis of the website and interviews with members of groups on the site. The study's results are explored in this chapter.

scholarly journals The Impact of Organizational Commitment on Job Satisfaction: A Study of Employees at Nigerian Universities

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bola Adekola
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Private University ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Researchers have hypothesized that there is a significant difference in the degree of Organizational commitment in Public and Private Universities. This was tested in the Public and Private University system to ascertain the veracity of this hypothesis. Data were collected from 150 employees consisting of academic and Administrative and technical staff from both the public Universities and the Private Universities. The results revealed that employees in Public Universities have greater degree of organizational commitment in comparison to Private Universities. Also, job satisfaction increases or decreases based on increase or decrease in organizational commitment. Obtained results were in the line of the hypotheses. In terms of organizational commitment; a significant difference was noticed between Public and Private Universities. Against expectation, employees of Public Universities exhibited higher degree of organizational commitment as compared to those of Private Universities. Most importantly, organizational commitment is being proven as the catalyst for enhancing job satisfaction level of employees.   Keywords: Organization’s Goals, Performance, Effectiveness, Leadership Styles, Trust within the Organization, Employment Status, Training, Turnover Intentions.

scholarly journals OpenFDA: an innovative platform providing access to a wealth of FDA’s publicly available data

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 596-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha A Kass-Hout ◽  
Zhiheng Xu ◽  
Matthew Mohebbi ◽  
Hans Nelsen ◽  
Adam Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Important Food ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Public ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Public Datasets ◽  
Programming Interfaces ◽  
Apparent Association

Objective The objective of openFDA is to facilitate access and use of big important Food and Drug Administration public datasets by developers, researchers, and the public through harmonization of data across disparate FDA datasets provided via application programming interfaces (APIs). Materials and Methods Using cutting-edge technologies deployed on FDA’s new public cloud computing infrastructure, openFDA provides open data for easier, faster (over 300 requests per second per process), and better access to FDA datasets; open source code and documentation shared on GitHub for open community contributions of examples, apps and ideas; and infrastructure that can be adopted for other public health big data challenges. Results Since its launch on June 2, 2014, openFDA has developed four APIs for drug and device adverse events, recall information for all FDA-regulated products, and drug labeling. There have been more than 20 million API calls (more than half from outside the United States), 6000 registered users, 20,000 connected Internet Protocol addresses, and dozens of new software (mobile or web) apps developed. A case study demonstrates a use of openFDA data to understand an apparent association of a drug with an adverse event. Conclusion With easier and faster access to these datasets, consumers worldwide can learn more about FDA-regulated products.

Study on the Auditing Problems of the Private Universities in China and its Internal Audit Improvement Policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 726-731
Author(s):  
Tie Qun Li
Keyword(s):  
Private Colleges ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
College Education ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Private College ◽  
University Education ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Internal Audit Function ◽  
Current Reality

From the view of the current reality, many internal audit issues of the private colleges are very prominent, which affects the development of private universities. Therefore, it is very important to study status of internal audit in College, to explore measures to strengthen the internal audit college education, to optimize the allocation of resources and improve the effectiveness of university education. The essay based on the analysis of the internal audit function of private colleges, try to find the internal audit problem of the private college and provide the relevant suggestions.

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