scholarly journals Trilateral Location based Maximum Weighted Directive Spanning Tree for Optimal Routing in IoV

2021 ◽  
pp. 567-574
Author(s):  
S. Suguna Devi ◽  
A. Bhuvaneswari
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Routing Metrics ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Location Identification

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is one of the developing models in the Vehicular adhoc networks (VANETs) with the vast improvement of communication technologies. In order to improve data transmission among the multiple communities without link breakage, a novel Trilateral Location Identified Maximum Weighted Directive Spanning Tree (TLIMWDST) technique is introduced. The proposed TLIMWDST technique consists of two major phases, namely location identification and optimal path identification to improve the reliability of data transmission from source vehicle to destination vehicle. In the first phase, the location of the neighboring vehicles is identified by applying a trilateration technique.  After the location identification, an optimal route path between the source and destination is identified using Maximum Weighted Directive Spanning Tree (MWDST) through the intermediate nodes. The performance of the TLIMWDST technique is assessed through simulation  as compared to the previous path selection techniques in terms of different routing metrics such as packet delivery ratio, packet loss rate, end-to-end delay and throughput with respect to the number of data packets.  

Node Disjoint Random and Optimal Path Selection (NDROPS) Algorithm for Security in MANETS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
P. Suma ◽  
O. Nagaraju ◽  
Md. Ali Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Path ◽  
Dynamic Routing ◽  
Routing Algorithms ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Malicious Node ◽  
Link Failures ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Dynamic Topology ◽  
Adhoc Networks ◽  
Packet Drop

<p class="ABSTRACT">Mobile Adhoc Networks are shortly called MANETs. In these types of networks, fixed infrastructures are absent and are dynamic in nature. Nodes are movable, and they are not connected with any wires. For monitoring or supervising the transmissions in MANETS, no central supervision is present. Moving nodes, dynamic topology, and absence of infrastructure are the features of MANETs. These features are advantageous where wires cannot be used and where nodes are supposed to move. But there is a problem of security. Networks are highly prone to attacks where finding the root of the cause is very hard. Many nodes disjoint routing algorithms are proposed to balance the load, to cope up with link failures, etc. This paper proposes an algorithm called Node Disjoint Random and Optimal Path Selection (NDROPS) algorithm which uses the concept of dynamic routing and node disjoint routing to provide all the above-stated advantages along with security. Routing of data packets is done through few paths which are node disjoint. The main essence of this algorithm is to distribute the data among different routes. So, a malicious node in a path can retrieve only a few packets in random.  The simulation of the proposed NDROPS algorithm is performed and the performance is compared using throughout and packet drop probability.</p>

scholarly journals Multivariate Weighted Isotonic Regressive Modest Adaptive Boosting Based Resource-Aware Routing In WSN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Muruganandam ◽  
V. Venkatraman ◽  
R. Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Packet Loss ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Packet Loss Rate ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Adaptive Boosting ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Resource Aware

Abstract WSN includes a scenario where huge amount of sensor nodes are distributed to monitor environmental conditions with route collected data towards sinks via the internet. WSNs efficiently manage the wider network with available resources, such as residual energy and wireless channel bandwidth. Therefore, routing algorithm is important to enhance battery-constrained networks. Many existing techniques are developed for balancing consumption of energy but efficient routing was not achieved. Multivariate Weighted Isotonic Regressive Modest Adaptive Boosting based Resource Aware Routing (MWIRMAB-RAR) technique is introduced for enhancing routing. The MWIRMAB-RAR technique includes a different process namely resource-aware node selection, route path discovery, and data transmission. Initially, the MWIRMAB-RAR technique uses the Modest Adaptive Boosting technique uses the Multivariate Weighted Isotonic Regression function for detecting resource-efficient sensor nodes for effective data transmission. After that, multiple route paths are established based on the time of flight method. After establishes route path, source node sends data packets to sink node via resource-efficient nodes. The data delivery was enhanced and minimizes packet loss as well as delay. The simulation analysis is carried out on certain performance factors such as energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, packet loss rate, and delay with number of data packets and sensor nodes. The obtained evaluation indicates MWIRMAB-RAR outperforms well in terms of increasing data packet delivery and reduces consumption of energy, packet loss rate, and delay.

Optimized routing with efficient energy transmission using Seline Trustworthy optimization for waste management in the smart cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Roshan ◽  
Om Prakash Rishi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Selection Protocol ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Right

Abstract Rapid development in technology provides an emerging growth based on innovation, invention, and diffusion, where the diffusion of resources stands with the proper disposal of wastes, due to the over-utilization of resources, growing population growth, and migration increases the accumulation of wastes especially, in Indian cities. Therefore, managing the wastes effectively is a raising challenge in the metropolitan cities of India, where the continuous monitoring of the wastes and disposal needs to be initiated. In this research, an internet-of-things-based smart waste management system in smart cities (IoT-SWMS) is focused on proposing an optimal path selection protocol that facilitates the continuous monitoring and disposal of wastes. The proposed optimal path selection protocol named Seline trustworthy optimization developed to determine the optimal routing path in IoT network renders the faster communication of the collected data regarding the level of the dustbins, which is disposed properly at the right time. The analysis of the proposed Seline trustworthy optimization-based IoT network for SWMS is performed based on the performance measures, such as delay, throughput, energy, and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) in comparison with the traditional methods. The proposed methodology yields the maximal PDR of 99%, a minimum delay of 0.11 s, and a maximal throughput of 38,400 kbps.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective based Adaptive Meta-Heuristic Algorithm for Optimal Multicast Route Selection in Wireless Ad-Hoc Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6721-6729
Keyword(s):  
Heuristic Algorithm ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Multicast Routing ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Multi Objective

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) built by a lot of mobile nodes which are communicated over remote channel without having any centralized administration and fixed infrastructure. Multicasting is a method to forward a data packet from one node to a number of receivers’ node at a time. There are different challenges in a MANET because of restricted resources and dynamic network topology. Because of the node mobility, performance metrics of the network such as energy, delay, and bandwidth make uncertainty problems in MANET. These uncertainty problems affect the performance of optimal path selection between the source node and the number of destination nodes. So, in this paper, multi-objective based adaptive meta-heuristic algorithm is presented for optimal multicast route selection in MANET. Among the multicast routing paths, optimal routing path is selected using adaptive artificial fish swarm algorithm (AAFSA). For fitness calculation, three objective functions based on energy, delay and bandwidth are derived in this algorithm. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed multicast routing protocol outperforms existing multicast routing protocols in terms of delivery ratio, delay, energy consumption and network lifetime.

scholarly journals Data Collection Based on Opportunistic Node Connections in Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guisong Yang ◽  
Zhiwei Peng ◽  
Xingyu He
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Random Graph ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Source Information

The working–sleeping cycle strategy used for sensor nodes with limited power supply in wireless sensor networks can effectively save their energy, but also causes opportunistic node connections due to the intermittent communication mode, which can affect the reliability of data transmission. To address this problem, a data collection scheme based on opportunistic node connections is proposed to achieve efficient data collection in a network with a mobile sink. In this scheme, the mobile sink first broadcasts a tag message to start a data collection period, and all nodes that receive this message will use the probe message to forward their own source information to the mobile sink. On receiving these probe messages, the mobile sink then constructs an opportunistic connection random graph by analyzing the source information included in them, and calculates the optimal path from itself to each node in this random graph, therefore a spanning tree could be generated with the mobile sink play as the root node, finally, it broadcasts this spanning tree so that each node could obtain an optimal path from itself to the mobile sink to forward the sensing data. In addition, a routing protocol that adapts to different nodes operating statuses is proposed to improve the reliability of data transmission. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme works better concerning the packet delivery rate, energy consumption and network lifetime.

AN ANT-BASED MULTICASTING PROTOCOL IN MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORK

2005 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIN ZHANG ◽  
DONGXU SHEN ◽  
XIUMING SHAN ◽  
VICTOR O. K. LI
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Node Mobility ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Control Overhead ◽  
Soft State ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

Multicasting protocols deliver data packets from a source node to multiple receivers, and serve a very important function in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). In this paper, a novel receiver-initiated soft-state probabilistic multicasting protocol (RISP) for MANETs is proposed. RISP is inspired by the ant colony's route-seeking mechanism, in which an individual ant chooses the optimal path to its destination through cooperation with others in a totally distributed manner. Imitating the behaviour of ants in nature, RISP introduces probabilistic forwarding and soft-state for making relay decisions that are automatically adaptive to node mobility in MANETs. Compared with other protocols, we show by computer simulations that RISP has lower delivery redundancy, while achieving higher delivery ratio at all mobility scenarios. Furthermore, RISP has lower control overhead.

scholarly journals Survey of QoS Routing Protocols in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Aswale ◽  
Vijay R. Ghorpade
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Qos Routing ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Multimedia ◽  
Routing Metrics ◽  
Multimedia Sensor Networks

The emergence of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) has stimulated the refocusing of research from conventional scalar Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to WMSNs. Currently, because of their prevalence WMSNs are used in different applications. Due to the unique features of WMSNs, fulfilling Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for a variety of applications is the challenge. QoS routing is a backbone of WMSNs and plays a vital role in satisfying QoS requirements. The performance of QoS routing depends upon the selection of an optimal path or paths. Path selection is based on evaluation of a cost function using various routing metrics. A careful blend of such metrics in a routing cost function guarantees a committed level of QoS. This survey uses number of routing metrics as criteria for categorizing state-of-the-art QoS WMSNs routing techniques. In addition, open issues and future research directions to further develop efficient routing protocols to guarantee QoS are discussed.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Logic Based Path Stability Forecasting Scheme for Improving Data Dissemination in MANETs

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2768-2775
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Hop Count ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Path Stability ◽  
Prediction Mechanism

Path stability of the mobile nodes in MANET plays a vital role in effective data dissemination as it depends on factors such as mobility, energy, signal strength. Several studies reveal that the prediction of path stability might provide solutions thereby routing performance can be increased. In most of the protocols route selection is based on metrics namely hop count, energy, etc. The metric namely mobility factor “MF” is used in some of the protocols. These protocols include nodes with less energy or nodes with high mobility which results in loss of path in a short period of time. Since it preserves the neighbor’s history, more control overhead and maintenance complexity exist. Hence, a new metric namely Active Interactive new Neighbor Rate (AINR) has been considered for optimum path selection. In scenarios of path loss, there is an immediate need for alternative paths for continuous data transfer. From literature it is evident that fuzzy logic is more significant in exploring different possible states under path stability determination. Hence a new prediction mechanism based on fuzzy logic has been proposed by considering the Residual Energy (RE), Hop count (Hop) and proposed metric Active Interactive new Neighbor Rate (AINR) as the factors for the prediction of the optimal path. This prediction mechanism is leveraged in MANET scenarios where alternate paths should be available on hand in situations such as battlefield and natural disaster. From the simulation, it has been proved that fuzzy logic prediction model provides better results in terms of various performance metrics such as Throughput, Packet delivery ratio, End-to-end delay, Energy consumption and routing overhead than the existing protocols.

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