Fish Habitat: Essential Fish Habitat and Rehabilitation

1999 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Micropterus Dolomieu ◽  
Scuba Divers ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sport Fish

<em>Abstract</em> .—From 1984 to 1989, artificial reefs were constructed at two locations in central Lake Erie by Ohio State University’s Sea Grant College Program. The goals of the construction projects were to improve sportfishing opportunity in nearshore waters, evaluate the effectiveness of reefs as fish-concentration devices, and eventually assist other coastal communities in developing artificial reef programs. From 1992 to 1995, we conducted evaluations to assess the effectiveness of these artificial reefs as sport fish attractors and to establish their value in sport fishery enhancement projects. Underwater VHS video was used by scuba divers to identify and enumerate fish at both artificial reef sites and at adjacent nonreef control sites. Observation dives were done monthly, weather permitting, from May through October each year. <EM>T</EM> -tests were used to determine seasonal differences in fish abundance between the reef and control sites. At both sites, total seasonal numbers of fish were significantly higher (20–50 times more) at the reef site than the control site (p = 0.05). Smallmouth bass <em>Micropterus dolomieu </em> were the dominant species at both reef sites, comprising over 80% of the observations during most months. Total seasonal numbers of smallmouth bass were also higher during spring and fall than in midsummer, suggesting seasonal patterns and preferences for artificial structure. We conclude that, when properly planned and located, artificial reefs would provide beneficial fish habitat along most of Lake Erie’s nearshore zone and may have application Great Lakes-wide.

Impact of artificial reefs on sediment bacterial structure and function in Bohai Bay

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Jinsheng Sun ◽  
Enjun Fang ◽  
Biao Guo ◽  
Yuanyuan Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Bohai Bay ◽  
Reef Area ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Control

Artificial reefs have significantly altered ecological and environmental conditions compared with natural reefs, but how these changes affect sediment bacteria structure and function is unknown. Here, we compared the structure and function of the sediment bacterial community in the artificial reef area, the future artificial reef area, and the control area in Bohai Bay by 16S rRNA genes sequencing. Our results indicated that bacteria communities in the sediment were both taxonomically and functionally different between the reef area and control area. In the artificial reef area, the α-diversity was significantly lower, whereas the β-diversity was significantly higher. Functional genes related to chemo-heterotrophy, nitrate reduction, hydrocarbon degradation, and the human pathogens and human gut were more abundant, whereas genes related to the metabolism of sulfur compounds were less abundant in the artificial reef than in the control area. The differences in bacterial communities were primarily determined by depth in the artificial reef area, and by total organic carbon in the future reef area and control area. This study provides the first overview of molecular ecology to assess the impacts of artificial reefs on the bacteria community.

Simulated instream restoration structures offer smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) swimming and energetic advantages at high flow velocities

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-56
Author(s):  
Katherine K. Strailey ◽  
Ryan T. Osborn ◽  
Rafael O. Tinoco ◽  
Piotr Cienciala ◽  
Bruce L. Rhoads ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Micropterus Dolomieu ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Restoration Practices ◽  
Fish Energetics ◽  
Habitat Enhancement ◽  
Flow Velocities

Restoration practices aimed at fish habitat enhancement often include installation of instream structures. However, mixed outcomes have been reported regarding structure effectiveness, while mechanisms underlying success remain unclear. The interactions between fish and flow conditions generated by instream structures and their subsequent impact on fish energetics may provide some insight. This study seeks to quantify how restoration structures, simulated by cylinders in three orientations, alter the energetics and swimming stability of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu). Accelerometers measured swimming stability while a respirometer measured energy expenditure at multiple velocities. Particle image velocimetry was used to characterize flow fields behind structures. Structures generated flow conditions that benefited fish energetically. Fish had a smoother gait and expended less energy when swimming near a structure, regardless of its orientation. Benefits varied with flow conditions; reductions in energy expenditure were especially apparent at high flow velocities. Results suggest that restoration structures may be most energetically beneficial in stream systems with consistently high velocities and inform restoration by indicating flow conditions in which structures provide the greatest energetic benefits for fish.

Branching complexity and morphological characteristics of coarse woody structure as lacustrine fish habitat

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 2110-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G Newbrey ◽  
Michael A Bozek ◽  
Martin J Jennings ◽  
James E Cook
Keyword(s):  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Dolomieu ◽  
Rock Bass ◽  
Ambloplites Rupestris

The objective of this study was to quantify the physical characteristics of coarse woody structure (CWS) as fish habitat in a north temperate lake. Sixteen species of fish were observed in submerged CWS habitat. Branching complexity, distance above the bole, area below the bole, distance to other CWS, and water depth around CWS were significantly related to abundance of schooling cyprinids (Cyprinidae), rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), and walleye (Sander vitreus). Branching complexity was the most common characteristic of CWS related to richness, diversity, and total adult abundance of fish taxa, but was not correlated with the total lengths of fish found in submerged trees. Branching-complexity values ranged from 1 (simple) to 500 (moderately complex) in the littoral zone; for comparison, a living riparian conifer had a branching-complexity value of over 1000. Most CWS in the littoral zone was composed of simple trees without branching, but fish tended to inhabit CWS with branching-complexity values greater than 45. This study shows the importance of CWS with fine branching as littoral-zone fish habitat.

scholarly journals Invasive smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu): history, impacts, and control

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Loppnow ◽  
Kris Vascotto ◽  
Paul Venturelli
Keyword(s):  
Smallmouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Dolomieu ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals The Growth Rate Of Acropora sp. Transplanted On Artificial Reefs In Kareko Waters Of North Lembeh Sub-District Of Bitung City

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Kayyan Mompala ◽  
Ari B Rondonuwu ◽  
Unstain N. W. J Rembet
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Coral Growth ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Scuba Divers ◽  
Length Increase ◽  
Absolute Length

The purpose of this research is to know the success rate of Acropora sp coral growth rate transplanted on different artificial reefs (iron and concrete) in Kareko waters of North Lembeh Sub-district of Bitung City. The study was conducted in November 2016 - February 2017. The data were collected by SCUBA divers and counted the number of dead and surviving coral transplants and measured the absolute length increase for each month. The results showed that the survival rate and the growth rate of coral transplant of iron-made reefs were 70% (survival rate) and 1.00 cm / month (growth rate), while artificial reefs were recorded had 50% (survival rate) and 0.93 cm / month (growth rate). Coral transplant growth rates on different substrates (iron and concrete) were not significantly different (P> 0.05). Keywords : Growth rate, Acropora sp, Transplantation, Artificial reef  ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan hidup laju pertumbuhan karang Acropora sp yang ditransplantasi pada terumbu buatan yang berbeda (besi dan beton) di Perairan Kareko Kecamatan Lembeh Utara Kota Bitung.  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2016 – Februari 2017.  Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan penyelaman SCUBA dan menghitung jumlah transplant yang mati dan yang masi bertahan hidup serta mengukur pertambahan panjang mutlak setiap bulan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat keberhasilan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan transplant pada terumbu buatan besi yaitu 70% (survival rate) dan 1.00 cm/bulan (laju pertumbuhan), sedangkan pada terumbu buatan beton yaitu 50% (survival rate) dan 0.93 cm/bulan (laju pertumbuhan).  Laju pertumbuhan transplant pada substrat yang berbeda (besi dan beton) tidak berbeda nyata (P>0.05). Kata Kunci: Laju pertumbuhan, Acropora sp, Transplantasi, Terumbu buatan

scholarly journals The bio-economic effects of artificial reefs: mixed evidence from Shandong, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 2239-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Sun ◽  
Xiaozi Liu ◽  
Yanli Tang ◽  
Wenzhi Cheng ◽  
Runlong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Unit Effort ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
And Control ◽  
Average Body

Abstract Artificial reefs are used to protect coastal habitats and rebuild fisheries. This engineering approach to fisheries management has gained popularity in many coastal areas, including China. In Shandong province alone, over USD 50 million were invested in artificial reefs during 2005–2013. Have artificial reefs achieved their biological and economic objectives? We compared reef and control sites in terms of catch and value per unit effort and average body length across species, based on surveys carried out during 2012–2013. We found that in aggregate, with all fish and invertebrates combined, artificial reefs did not improve the overall catches or revenues. Instead, seasonal fluctuations were prominent. However, when we allow for species-specific differences and focus on the common fish species, we find that an artificial reef can increase the catch and value per unit effort on average by approximately 40% compared to the control sites. The difference between these contrasting results occurs because some of the dominant species that comprise the bulk of the catches did not benefit from the reef, while many of the less dominant ones did so. This underlines the importance of being specific about what is meant by “benefiting fisheries” when evaluating artificial reefs, as well as when the objectives of reef projects are formulated in the first place. The positive effects of artificial reefs can be caused by the reefs themselves and by their influence on fishing patterns. Our study was not designed to separate these effects but we suggest that in Shandong, restrictions on fishing access may have been as important as the presence of the reef itself.

Investigation of Cost-Influencing Factors Potentially ‎Controllable by Main Contractors in Construction Projects in ‎Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7A) ◽  
pp. 1069-1076
Author(s):  
Layth T. Ali ◽  
Raid S. Abid Ali ◽  
Zeyad S. M. Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Labor Recruitment ◽  
Supply Planning ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Cost overrun in construction projects is a common phenomenon in Iraq. This might occur due to diversity of factors. This study aims to identify the factors influencing construction projects cost that are potentially controllable by main contractors. A field study through a questionnaire survey was directed to a sample of related Iraqi professional engineers from general contracting companies at both public and private sectors. Their opinions on the impact and frequency of each factor were investigated. The questionnaire offered (59) factors classified in (8) categories namely; legislations, financial and economic, design, contractual, site management, material, labor and equipment. The factors were ranked according to the highest Relative Importance Index (RII). The study revealed (10) major factors that are potentially controllable by main contractors namely; labor productivity, sub-contractors and suppliers performance, equipment productivity, site organization and distribution of equipment, experience and training of project managers, scheduling and control techniques, planning for materials supply, planning for equipment supply, materials delivery and planning for skilled labor recruitment. Recommendations to aid contractors and owners in early identification of these factors are also included in this study.

A Retrospective Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of a Plasma Energy System (Renuvion) in the Management of Skin Laxity to Improve Tightening at the Time of Standard Liposuction of the Arms

2021 ◽  
pp. 074880682110310
Author(s):  
Angelo Cuzalina ◽  
Pasquale G. Tolomeo
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Clinical Staff ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Recipient Site ◽  
Skin Laxity ◽  
Plasma Energy ◽  
Treatment Site ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of cool atmospheric plasma (Renuvion/J-plasma) in promoting skin tightening and soft tissue contouring following liposuction of the upper extremities. The study was a retrospective review of upper extremity liposuction with associated Renuvion therapy performed by the same surgeon. Patients were made aware of Renuvion therapy to assist with skin laxity and offered adjunctive treatment following liposuction. While a majority of patients elected to have Renuvion therapy performed bilaterally, a small subset of patients elected for unilateral treatment. This subset of patients pursued delayed treatment on the control side. The inclusion criteria for the study included patients with moderate fat excess of the upper extremity with associated mild to moderate cutaneous laxity. Exclusion criteria for the study included severe medical comorbidities, body mass index greater than 35 kg/m2 and those below the age of 30. The study included 5 female patients between the ages of 46 to 52. The method of treatment was liposuction of the bilateral upper extremities with removal of equal proportions of fat. The recipient site for Renuvion treatment was randomly selected by the study coordinator; the surgeon and clinical staff remained blinded to the selection. Following treatment, the patients were evaluated at 1 week, 6 weeks, and 6 months postoperatively to assess surgical outcomes subjectively. The surgeon and clinical staff were unblinded at the final visit. Patients were evaluated based on subjective criteria and photographic evaluation at each postoperative visit. At the 1-week visit, no significant differences were noted in all subjects. At the 6-week visit, two patients demonstrated improved results to the treatment site when compared with the control site. At the 6-month visit, four out of the five patients demonstrated a significant improvement in contour and laxity at the treatment site when compared with the control site. One patient demonstrated equal results on both treatment and control sites with no major abnormalities. Following the final evaluation, the patients underwent a secondary procedure to the control site with Renuvion to obtain similar results as the recipient site. One patient demonstrated equal results on both test and control sites with no major abnormalities. The use of plasma energy via Renuvion in conjunction with liposuction has demonstrated esthetic results with proposed long-term benefits. The plasma energy device, as an adjuvant therapy, may be beneficial in cases where liposuction alone may not address tissue laxity concerns. Additional studies with a larger sample size, objective criteria, and extended follow-ups are necessary to statistically analyze the results and determine its significance.

Effects of sea urchin and herbivorous gastropod removal, coupled with transplantation, on seaweed forest restoration

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seokwoo Hong ◽  
Junsu Kim ◽  
Young Wook Ko ◽  
Kwon Mo Yang ◽  
Daniela Macias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
First Year ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Rapid Restoration ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Herbivorous Gastropods

Abstract This study aims to investigate the relative effects of urchin removal, non-urchin gastropod herbivores removal, and transplantation on macroalgal forest restoration using an additive manipulation design. A field experiment was conducted in subtidal urchin barren rocks in the eastern coast of South Korea from August 2017 to June 2020 with three experimental treatments: no urchins (NU), NU plus no herbivorous gastropods (NH), NH plus Ecklonia bicyclis transplant (NHT). Six months after experiment initiation, seaweed abundance rapidly increased in all three experimental treatments. The highest peak was found in the spring season of the first year (2018). The year-to-year variations became smaller throughout the survey period. The results of comparing NU and control site indicated that urchin removal had an exclusive effect on algal recovery while additional removal of herbivorous gastropods did not affect algal recovery quantitatively. With the successful establishment of E. bicyclis, the community assemblages of the three treatments became more distinct in the subsequent years, showing diverse dominance in NU, red algal dominance in NH, and dominance of E. bicyclis canopy and understory groups in NHT. This study provides evidence that urchin removal on its own from barren grounds can lead to rapid restoration of seaweed forest in subtidal habitats.

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