scholarly journals Evaluation of an Infrared Camera Technique for Detecting Mechanically Induced Internal Voids in Syzygium grande

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Daniel Burcham ◽  
Subhadip Ghosh ◽  
Leong Eng Choon ◽  
Fong Yok King
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Relative Temperature ◽  
Stem Section ◽  
Internal Position ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Long Stem ◽  
Change In Mean

In order to evaluate a proposed tree diagnostic technique employing infrared cameras, research was conducted to evaluate the effect of internal voids on surface temperature using a thermal photographic instrument. Three axial cylindrical voids of increasing size (Void A, 327 cm3; Void B, 745 cm3; Void C, 1159 cm3) were introduced mechanically in 45 cm long stem sections and exposed to direct sunlight. Subsequently, infrared images were collected from two diametrically opposed sides of the stem sections at regular 30-minute intervals over 150 minutes. The collected images were evaluated visually to compare stem features with observed temperature anomalies, and temperature data was extracted from a vertical transect in the infrared images. The data extracted were compared against a control stem section without defects to determine the independent and combined effects of void size and internal position on surface temperature. Mean relative temperature revealed a significant temperature change in the stems containing mechanical voids compared to the control stem. Significant increases in mean relative temperature were recorded on the stems containing Void A and Void B compared to the control. However, there was no significant change in mean relative temperature on the stem section containing Void C.

scholarly journals The Feasibility of Identifying Defects Illustrated on Building Facades by Applying Thermal Infrared Images with Shadow

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Tsai ◽  
Huang ◽  
Tai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Thermal Infrared Images ◽  
Non Destructive

Infrared thermography (IRT) has been widely employed to identify the defects illustrated in building facades. However, the IRT covered with a shadow is hard to be applied to determine the defects shown in the IRT. The study proposed an approach based on the multiplicated model to describe quantitively the shadow effects, and the IRT can be segmented into few classes according to the surface temperature information recorded on the IRT by employing a thermal infrared camera. The segmented results were compared with the non-destructive method (acoustic tracing) to verify the correctness and robustness of the approach. From the processed results, the proposed approach did correctly identify the defects illustrated in building facades through the IRTs were covered with shadow.

scholarly journals Thermal Infrared Images to Identify the Contribution of Surface Materials to the Canopy Layer Heat Island in Hot-Humid Urban Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 604-623
Author(s):  
Floriberta Binarti ◽  
Pranowo Pranowo ◽  
Soesilo Boedi Leksono
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Canopy Layer ◽  
Street Canyons ◽  
Thermal Infrared Images ◽  
Surface Materials

Abstract This study presents a combination technique of thermal infrared images captured by infrared camera and satellite thermal images retrieved from Landsat-8 OLI TIRS to identify the contribution of vertical and horizontal surface materials in two hot-humid street canyons with similar sky view factor and street orientation. The infrared camera captures surface temperature images of vertical and inclined surfaces of the street canyons. The images at horizontal scale are derived based on six land cover indices – i.e., Land Surface Temperature (LST), surface albedo, thermal emissivity, Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Different Built Area Index (NDBI), Normalized Different Water Index (NDWI) – using an image processing technique conducted in ArcGIS. This study used two micro weather stations to measure microclimate conditions depicting the Canopy Layer Heat Island (CLHI) of the canyons at the same time. Despite the capability of the combined technique to identify the contribution of surface materials to the LST, different radiative and thermal properties of the surface materials insignificantly modified the CLHI.

scholarly journals Water-Stressed Plants Do Not Cool: Leaf Surface Temperature of Living Wall Plants under Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3910
Author(s):  
Michael Gräf ◽  
Markus Immitzer ◽  
Peter Hietz ◽  
Rosemarie Stangl
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thermal Cameras ◽  
Living Wall ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Vertical Greening

Urban green infrastructures offer thermal regulation to mitigate urban heat island effects. To gain a better understanding of the cooling ability of transpiring plants at the leaf level, we developed a method to measure the time series of thermal data with a miniaturized, uncalibrated thermal infrared camera. We examined the canopy temperature of four characteristic living wall plants (Heuchera x cultorum, Bergenia cordifolia, Geranium sanguineum, and Brunnera macrophylla) under increasing drought stress and compared them with a well-watered control group. The method proved suitable to evaluate differences in canopy temperature between the different treatments. Leaf temperatures of water-stressed plants were 6 to 8 °C higher than those well-watered, with differences among species. In order to cool through transpiration, vegetation in green infrastructures must be sufficiently supplied with water. Thermal cameras were found to be useful to monitor vertical greening because leaf surface temperature is closely related to drought stress. The usage of thermal cameras mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles could be a rapid and easy monitoring system to cover large façades.

Characterization of Fouled Flat Sheet Membranes by Infrared Thermography

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennethrex O. Ndukaife ◽  
George Agbai Nnanna
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Measure Surface Temperature

An Infrared thermography (IRT) technique for characterization of fouling on membrane surface has been developed. The emitted spectral power from the fouled membrane is a function of emissivity and surface morphology. In this work, a FLIR A320 IR camera was used to measure surface temperature and emissivity. The surface temperature and the corresponding emissivity value of various areas on the fouled membrane surface is measured by the infrared camera and recorded alongside its thermogram. Different fouling experiments were performed using different concentrations of aluminum oxide nanoparticle mixed with deionized water as feed solution (333 ppm, 1833 ppm and 3333 ppm) so as to investigate the effect of feed concentration on the degree of fouling and thus its effect on the emissivity values measured on the membrane surfaces. Surface plots in 3D and Line plots are obtained for the measured emissivity values and thickness of the fouling deposit on the membrane surface respectively. The results indicate that the IRT technique is sensitive to changes that occur on the membrane surface due to deposition of contaminants on the membrane surface and that emissivity is a function of temperature, surface roughness and thickness of the specimen under investigation.

Reflection interference removal for infrared thermography images based on GAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 529-533
Author(s):  
Jiali Zhang ◽  
Yupeng Tian ◽  
LiPing Ren ◽  
Jiaheng Cheng ◽  
JinChen Shi
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Metal Surfaces ◽  
Infrared Image ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Generative Adversarial Network ◽  
Adversarial Network ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
Visible Images

Reflection in images is common and the removal of complex noise such as image reflection is still being explored. The problem is difficult and ill-posed, not only because there is no mixing function but also because there are no constraints in the output space (the processed image). When it comes to detecting defects on metal surfaces using infrared thermography, reflection from smooth metal surfaces can easily affect the final detection results. Therefore, it is essential to remove the reflection interference in infrared images. With the continuous application and expansion of neural networks in the field of image processing, researchers have tried to apply neural networks to remove image reflection. However, they have mainly focused on reflection interference removal in visible images and it is believed that no researchers have applied neural networks to remove reflection interference in infrared images. In this paper, the authors introduce the concept of a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) and propose an end-to-end trained network based on this with two types of loss: perceptual loss and adversarial loss. A self-built infrared reflection image dataset from an infrared camera is used. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this GAN for removing infrared image reflection.

The Development of an Infrared Camera Using Graphene: Achieving Efficient High-Resolution Infrared Images.

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
King Wai Chiu Lai ◽  
Ning Xi ◽  
Hongzhi Chen ◽  
Bo Song ◽  
LiangLiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Infrared Images

Udder skin surface temperature variation pre- and post- milking in dairy cows as determined by infrared thermography

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhe Yang ◽  
Gan Li ◽  
Xiaojun Zhang ◽  
Xianhong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Skin Surface Temperature ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Significant Difference

The objectives of the research reported in this Research Communication were to compare the variation of hind quarter skin surface temperature pre- and post- milking in dairy cows and to determine the optimal time to capture images by infrared thermography for improving the sensitivity and specificity of mastitis detection in dairy cows. Hind quarter infrared images of 102 Holstein dairy cows were captured from the caudal view by an infrared camera pre-milking and post-milking. The udder skin surface temperature was measured with the help of the image processing software. No significant difference was found between the left and right quarter skin surface temperature pre- and post- milking. The hind quarter skin surface temperature pre-milking was not significantly influenced by milk yield, but exhibited a rising trend along with the increase of milk yield. The hind quarter skin surface temperature post-milking was significantly influenced by milk yield. This leads us to conclude that the sensitivity and specificity of IRT in mastitis detection may be influenced by milk yield and it may be better to capture the infrared images of cow udders pre-milking.

Can Reliable Sage-Grouse Lek Counts Be Obtained Using Aerial Infrared Technology?

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gifford L. Gillette ◽  
Peter S. Coates ◽  
Steven Petersen ◽  
John P. Romero
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Centrocercus Urophasianus ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Sage Grouse ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Infrared Technology ◽  
Infrared Surveys ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Infrared Techniques

Abstract More effective methods for counting greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are needed to better assess population trends through enumeration or location of new leks. We describe an aerial infrared technique for conducting sage-grouse lek counts and compare this method with conventional ground-based lek count methods. During the breeding period in 2010 and 2011, we surveyed leks from fixed-winged aircraft using cryogenically cooled mid-wave infrared cameras and surveyed the same leks on the same day from the ground following a standard lek count protocol. We did not detect significant differences in lek counts between surveying techniques. These findings suggest that using a cryogenically cooled mid-wave infrared camera from an aerial platform to conduct lek surveys is an effective alternative technique to conventional ground-based methods, but further research is needed. We discuss multiple advantages to aerial infrared surveys, including counting in remote areas, representing greater spatial variation, and increasing the number of counted leks per season. Aerial infrared lek counts may be a valuable wildlife management tool that releases time and resources for other conservation efforts. Opportunities exist for wildlife professionals to refine and apply aerial infrared techniques to wildlife monitoring programs because of the increasing reliability and affordability of this technology.

scholarly journals Fire detection with infrared images using cascaded neural network

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 174830261989543
Author(s):  
Li Deng ◽  
Qian Chen ◽  
Yuanhua He ◽  
Xiubao Sui ◽  
Quanyi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
False Alarm Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Image Texture ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Civil Aircraft

The existing equipment of civil aircraft cargo fire detection mainly uses photoelectric smoke detectors, which has a high false alarm rate. According to Federal Aviation Agency’s (FAA) statistics, the false alarm rate is as high as 99%. 1 In the cargo of civil aircraft, the traditional photoelectric detection technology cannot effectively distinguish interference particles from smoke particles. Since the video smoke detection technology has proven to be reliable in many large scenarios, a deep learning method of image processing for fire detection is proposed. The proposed convolutional neural network is constructed of front end network and back end network cascaded with the capsule network and the circularity computation for the dynamic infrared fire image texture extraction. In order to accurately identify whether there is a fire in the area and give the kind of burning substances, a series of fuels are selected, such as n-heptane, cyclohexane, and carton for combustion reaction, and infrared camera is used to take infrared images of all fuel combustion. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect fire at the early stage of fire which is applicable for fire detection in civil aircraft cargoes.

scholarly journals Surface Temperature Distribution Characteristics of Marangoni Condensation for Ethanol–Water Mixture Vapor Based on Thermal Infrared Images

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6057
Author(s):  
Guilong Zhang ◽  
Ziqiang Ma ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Jinshi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Single Droplet ◽  
Surface Temperature Distribution ◽  
Thermal Infrared Images

Marangoni condensation is formed due to the surface tension gradient caused by the local temperature or concentration gradient on the condensate surface; thus, the investigation of the surface temperature distribution characteristics is crucial to reveal the condensation mechanism and heat transfer characteristics. Few studies have been conducted on the temperature distribution of the condensate surface. In this study, thermal infrared images were used to measure the temperature distributions of the condensate surface during Marangoni condensation for ethanol–water mixture vapor. The results showed that the surface temperature distribution of the single droplet was uneven, and a large temperature gradient, approximately 15.6 °C/mm, existed at the edge of the condensate droplets. The maximum temperature difference on the droplet surface reached up to 8 °C. During the condensation process, the average surface temperature of a single droplet firstly increased rapidly and then slowly until it approached a certain temperature, whereas that of the condensate surface increased rapidly at the beginning and then changed periodically in a cosine-like curve. The present results will be used to obtain local heat flux and heat transfer coefficients on the condensing surface, and to further establish the relationship between heat transfer and temperature distribution characteristics.

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