scholarly journals Enhanced Surface Hardness of Commercially Pure Titanium by Pack Carburization with Rubberwood Charcoal and Rubberwood Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natthaphong KONKHUNTHOT ◽  
Patcharanut BURANAPIMA ◽  
Patipan BOONNITEE ◽  
Mahamasuhaimi MASAE ◽  
Peerawas KONGSONG
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Diffusion Layer ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cp Ti

In the present work, pack carburization with rubberwood charcoal and rubberwood ash at 925 °C for 6, 12, and 24 h was carried out to improve the surface hardness of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti).  X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometer analyses revealed the formation of titanium carbide (TiC) and the existence of oxygen diffusion in the carburized surface. The surface hardness of most optimized conditions has remarkably increased by 481 % as compared to untreated CP-Ti (from 175 HV to 1016 HV) due to the TiC surface layer, while the hardened oxygen diffusion layer of about 300 μm in-depth, as clearly seen in the microhardness profiles is useful for increased load-bearing capacity. Consequently, pack carburization with rubberwood charcoal and rubberwood ash is a promising surface modification technique, which can significantly enhance the surface hardness and increase the load-bearing capacity of CP-Ti for biomedical and tribological applications. HIGHLIGHTS Rubberwood charcoal and ash are a new carbon source to fabricate the TiC layer on CP-Ti. Formation of the TiC layer remarkably enhances the surface hardness of CP-Ti by 481 %. The hardened oxygen diffusion layer is beneficial to load-bearing and anti-wear capacity. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Tribological and electrochemical behavior of Ag2O/ZnO/NiO nanocomposite coating on commercial pure titanium for biomedical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1166-1176
Author(s):  
Onur Çomakli ◽  
Mustafa Yazici ◽  
Tuba Yetim ◽  
Fatih Yetim ◽  
Ayhan Celik
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cp Ti

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the structural, tribological and electrochemical properties of Ag2O, ZnO, NiO coatings and Ag2O/ZnO/NiO nanocomposite films deposited on commercially pure titanium. Design/methodology/approach Ceramic thin films (Ag2O, ZnO, NiO coatings and Ag2O/ZnO/NiO nanocomposite film) were deposited on commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) substrate. Surface characterization of the uncoated and coated samples was made by structural surveys (scanning electron microscopic examinations and X-ray diffraction analyses), hardness measurements, tribological and corrosion experiments. Findings Results were indicated that sol-gel coatings improved the wear and corrosion resistance of CP-Ti, and the best results were seen at the nanocomposite coating. It may be attributed to its small grain size, high surface hardness and high film thickness. Originality/value This study can be a practical reference and offers insight into the influence of nanocomposite ceramic films on the increase of hardness, tribological and corrosion performance. Also, the paper displayed a promising approach to produce Ag2O/ZnO/NiO nanocomposite coating on commercially pure titanium implants for biomedical applications.

Thermomechanical Response of Commercially Pure Titanium under Large Plastic Deformation at High Strain Rates

2012 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Yang Gao ◽  
Wei Ran Lu
Keyword(s):  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Thermomechanical Response ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Cp Ti ◽  
Constitutive Parameters

By using a dislocation-based plastic constitutive model for hcp metals developed by us recently, the dynamic thermomechanical response of an important industrial material, commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti), was described at different temperatures and strain rates. The constitutive parameters of the material are determined by an efficient optimization method for a globally optimal solution. The model can well predict the dynamic response of CP-Ti by the comparison with experimental data and the Nemat-Nasser-Guo model.

The Influence of Laser Irradiation Parameters on Tribological Behaviour of Commercially Pure Titanium for Dental Prostheses

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karibeeran Shanmuga Sundaram ◽  
Gurusami Kiliyappan ◽  
Senthil Kumaran Selvadurai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Laser Shock ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cp Ti

Laser shock peening (LSP) is one of the innovative technique that produces a compressive residual stress on the surface of metallic materials, thereby significantly increasing its fatigue life in applications where failure is caused by surface-initiated cracks. The specimens were treated with laser shock waves with different processing parameters, and characterization studies were made on treated specimens. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of Nd:YAG laser on commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) used in prosthetic dental restorations. The treatment influenced change in microstructure, micro hardness, surface roughness, and wear resistance characteristics. Though CP-Ti is considered as an excellent material for dental applications due to its outstanding biocompatibility, it is not suitable when high mastication forces are applied. In the present study, pulsed Nd:YAG laser surface treatment technique was adopted to improve the wear resistance of CP-Ti. The wear test pin specimens of CP-Ti were investment cast with centrifugal titanium casting machine. The wear properties of specimens were evaluated after LSP on a “pin-on-disc” wear testing tribometer, as per ASTM G99-05 standards. The results of the wear experiment showed that the treated laser surface has higher wear resistance, micro hardness, and surface roughness compared to as-cast samples. The improvement of wear resistance may be attributed due to grain refinement imparted by LSP processes. The microstructure, wear surfaces, wear debris, and morphology of the specimen were analyzed by using optical electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The data were compared using ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests. The characteristic change resulted in increase in wear resistance and decrease in wear rate. Hence, it is evident that the more reliable and removable partial denture metal frameworks for dental prostheses may find its applications.

scholarly journals The influence of mold temperature on the fit of cast crowns with commercially pure titanium

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Sotero Fragoso ◽  
Guilherme Elias Pessanha Henriques ◽  
Edwin Fernando Ruiz Contreras ◽  
Marcelo Ferraz Mesquita
Keyword(s):  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Mold Temperature ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Marginal Fit ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cp Ti

Commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) has been widely applied to fabricate cast devices because of its favorable properties. However, the mold temperature recommended for the manufacture of casts has been considered relatively low, causing inadequate castability and poor marginal fit of cast crowns. This study evaluated and compared the influence of mold temperature (430°C - as control, 550°C, 670°C) on the marginal discrepancies of cast CP Ti crowns. Eight bovine teeth were prepared on a mechanical grinding device and impressions were used to duplicate each tooth and produce eight master dies. Twenty-four crowns were fabricated using CP Ti in three different groups of mold temperature (n = 8): 430°C (as control), 550°C and 670°C. The gap between the crown and the bovine tooth was measured at 50 X magnification with a traveling microscope. The marginal fit values of the cast CP Ti crowns were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test (p = 0.03). The 550°C group (95.0 µm) showed significantly better marginal fit than the crowns of the 430°C group (203.4 µm) and 670°C group (213.8 µm). Better marginal fit for cast CP Ti crowns was observed with the mold temperature of 550°C, differing from the 430°C recommended by the manufacturer.

Pack Cementation Treatment of Titanium Using Tetracalcium Phosphate Powder for Biomedical Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 2172-2175
Author(s):  
Kyosuke Ueda ◽  
Hajime Suto ◽  
Kaori Nakaie ◽  
Takayuki Narushima
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Layer ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Pack Cementation ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Tetracalcium Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Powder ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cp Ti

The surface modification of commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) by pack cementation treatment at 973 K using tetracalcium phosphate (Ca4(PO4)2O, TTCP) slurry was investigated. An HAp phase and a CaTiO3 phase were observed on the reaction layer of the CP Ti substrate after pack cementation treatment at 973 K for 86.4 ks. TTCP powder decomposed to HAp and CaO, and CaO reacted with TiO2 to form CaTiO3. The reaction layer on the CP Ti substrate consisted of inner and outer layers and the particles were in the outer reaction layer. The pores observed on the reaction layer were formed by the detachment of particles from the outer layer. The bonding strength of the reaction layer was 68.1 MPa. Apatite completely covered the surface of the pack-cementation-treated CP Ti after immersion in Kokubo solution for 21.6 ks; such rapid apatite formation suggests that pack cementation treatment improves the biocompatibility of titanium.

scholarly journals Characterisation and modelling of in-plane springback in a commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti)

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 6872-6892 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Khayatzadeh ◽  
M. J. Thomas ◽  
Y. Millet ◽  
S. Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Cp Ti

Load-Bearing Capacity and Design Advantages of a Custom-Made, Thin Pure-Titanium Cranioplasty (CranioTop)

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Lewitz ◽  
Asem Salma ◽  
Heinz Welzel Saravia ◽  
Ioanna Sakellaropoulou ◽  
Hraq Mourad Sarkis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Titanium Cranioplasty

Surface characterization of nanostructured commercially pure titanium modified by sandblasting and acid-etching for implant applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Reshadi ◽  
S Khorasani ◽  
G Faraji
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Ultrafine Grain ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Mg63 Cells ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Cp Ti

This study investigated the surface characteristics of ultrafine-grain commercially pure titanium (UFG CP-Ti) substrates produced by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), compared with those of coarse-grain commercially pure titanium (CG CP-Ti) and Ti–6Al–4V (Ti-64) substrates. All Ti surfaces were sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA-treated) to produce micro-rough surfaces. Tensile and microhardness tests were carried out to measure the mechanical properties of fabricated samples. Then the surface characteristics of samples including contact angle measurements, surface morphology and in vitro cell response were evaluated after polishing, sandblasting and acid etching procedures. The results showed that after applying four passes of ECAP, the average grain size of microstructure decreased from 25 µm to 170 nm, while the ultimate tensile strength increased from 545 ± 24 MPa to 971 ± 38 MPa. Investigation of surface morphologies carried out by scanning electron microscopy indicated that ECAP-processed substrate exhibits nano-topography compared with CG CP-Ti and Ti-64 substrates after applying SLA process. In addition, the contact angle of SLA-treated CG CP-Ti and UFG CP-Ti substrates decreased from 68.3° to 9.5° and 51.9° to 7.4°, respectively, indicating a significant improvement of surface wettability. The morphologies of MG63 cells cultured on the developed surfaces proved the potential superior osteoblast cell compatibility of the micro-roughened surface made of UFG CP-Ti substrates over CG CP-Ti and Ti-64 substrates.

scholarly journals Platelet Adhesion on Commercially Pure Titanium Plates in Vitro II. Immunofluorescence Visualization of PDGF-B, TGFβ1, and PPARγ Released from Activated Adherent Platelets

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuhiro Tsujino ◽  
Akira Takahashi ◽  
Taisuke Watanabe ◽  
Kazushige Isobe ◽  
Yutaka Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Cp Ti

Recent progress in the industrial development of dental implants has improved their surface bio-affinity, while clinical implantologists attempt to improve it through coating with various compounds, including platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in clinical settings. However, it is poorly understood how PRP acts on titanium surfaces. To validate this surface modification method and demonstrate how platelet-derived soluble biomolecules released from the activated adherent platelets act on plain, commercially pure-titanium (cp-Ti) plates, we evaluated the distribution of biomolecules by immunofluorescence. PPARγ, PDGF-B, and TGFβ1 were similarly released at immunofluorescence levels from activated adherent platelets, retained in the surrounding extra-platelet spaces for a while, and did not immediately diffuse away to distant spaces. Exogenously added CaCl2 augmented release and retention of those biomolecules along with activation and aggregation. Taken together with our previous data regarding platelet adhesion, these findings suggest that especially when treated with CaCl2, platelets immediately adhere on cp-Ti plates to release their stored biomolecules in the absence of plasma proteins and that these biomolecules do not diffuse away, but stay longer in extra-platelet spaces around the platelets by newly formed, immature fibrin fiber fragments. Consequently, these retained biomolecules are anticipated to cooperatively stabilize implants by stimulating alveolar bone regeneration and integration.

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