scholarly journals Digitisation in India and its Impact on the Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Dr. Amar Latta ◽  
Trishla Singh
Keyword(s):  
Present Status ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Probable Impact ◽  
The Impact

India has emerged on the global landscape as a major growth potential with a promising future on account of its rich resources and big market. Against this backdrop, governments and authorities are continuously striving to optimize processes to take the next big leap by leveraging the gift of technology and digitilisation. The opportunities on the digital front completely align with India’s aspirations and would play the facilitator in its growth story. The paper focuses on the present status of the digital revolution in the country. Moreover, to make the case for digitilisation stronger there is a deep-dive into the impact seen on ground on account of this impending, yet imperative, change. The actual as well as probable impact is studied across the areas of employment, productivity and efficiency.

Status, Impact, and Factor Determining Rural Non-farm Economy of India: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Income Inequalities ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Impact

The rural non-farm sector (RNFS) involves a spectrum of economic activity in rural areas and encompasses all rural productive entities other than farm holdings. It has the potential to play a pivotal role in holistic and inclusive development of India’s rural areas by increasing the employment and wages of rural labour, which can reduce income inequalities. The review was carried out in order to explain the present status of RNFE state wise as well as overall to get a comprehensive view on the topic. The review study also focuses to disaggregate RNFE on the basis of gender, size of landholding and castes. Literature depicting the impact of RNFE on rural livelihoods especially in employment and poverty and factors determining it also been compiled to get an overall idea on the study.

scholarly journals Age-Dependent Decline in Neuron Growth Potential and Mitochondria Functions in Cortical Neurons

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1625
Author(s):  
Theresa C. Sutherland ◽  
Arthur Sefiani ◽  
Darijana Horvat ◽  
Taylor E. Huntington ◽  
Yuanjiu Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Axon Growth ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Mitochondria Functions ◽  
The Impact

The age of incidence of spinal cord injury (SCI) and the average age of people living with SCI is continuously increasing. However, SCI is extensively modeled in young adult animals, hampering translation of research to clinical applications. While there has been significant progress in manipulating axon growth after injury, the impact of aging is still unknown. Mitochondria are essential to successful neurite and axon growth, while aging is associated with a decline in mitochondrial functions. Using isolation and culture of adult cortical neurons, we analyzed mitochondrial changes in 2-, 6-, 12- and 18-month-old mice. We observed reduced neurite growth in older neurons. Older neurons also showed dysfunctional respiration, reduced membrane potential, and altered mitochondrial membrane transport proteins; however, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abundance and cellular ATP were increased. Taken together, these data suggest that dysfunctional mitochondria in older neurons may be associated with the age-dependent reduction in neurite growth. Both normal aging and traumatic injury are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, posing a challenge for an aging SCI population as the two elements can combine to worsen injury outcomes. The results of this study highlight this as an area of great interest in CNS trauma.

scholarly journals Deep Dive Into the Effects of Food Processing on Limiting Starch Digestibility and Lowering the Glycemic Response

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Gautier Cesbron-Lavau ◽  
Aurélie Goux ◽  
Fiona Atkinson ◽  
Alexandra Meynier ◽  
Sophie Vinoy
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Food Products ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Starch Digestibility ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Impact

During processing of cereal-based food products, starch undergoes dramatic changes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of food processing on the starch digestibility profile of cereal-based foods using advanced imaging techniques, and to determine the effect of preserving starch in its native, slowly digestible form on its in vivo metabolic fate. Four different food products using different processing technologies were evaluated: extruded products, rusks, soft-baked cakes, and rotary-molded biscuits. Imaging techniques (X-ray diffraction, micro-X-ray microtomography, and electronic microscopy) were used to investigate changes in slowly digestible starch (SDS) structure that occurred during these different food processing technologies. For in vivo evaluation, International Standards for glycemic index (GI) methodology were applied on 12 healthy subjects. Rotary molding preserved starch in its intact form and resulted in the highest SDS content (28 g/100 g) and a significantly lower glycemic and insulinemic response, while the three other technologies resulted in SDS contents below 3 g/100 g. These low SDS values were due to greater disruption of the starch structure, which translated to a shift from a crystalline structure to an amorphous one. Modulation of postprandial glycemia, through starch digestibility modulation, is a meaningful target for the prevention of metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Research on the Economic Development Threshold Effect of the Employment Density of the Shanghai Consumer Goods Industry in the Context of New Manufacturing, Based on the Experience Comparison with International Metropolis

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 969
Author(s):  
Lei Shen ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Hongda Liu ◽  
Pinbo Yao
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Employment Density ◽  
Consumer Goods Industry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Threshold

With the rise of a new generation of technology and industrial changes, the service-oriented manufacturing industry has become the direction of future development. With the background of new manufacturing, this paper constructs an economic development threshold model of employment density of consumer goods industry based on data from Shanghai and Tokyo from 2007 to 2016, and empirically analyzes the impact of the employment density of the consumer goods industry on urban economic development under different population densities. At the same time, by comparing the experience of Tokyo, the development status and prospects of Shanghai’s consumer goods industry are explored. The study found that the threshold of Tokyo’s consumer goods industry is 0.608. When population density is lower than this threshold, the consumer goods industry continues to promote the economic development of Tokyo; however, when the population density is higher than this threshold, the consumer goods industry begins to inhibit the economic development of Tokyo. The Shanghai consumer goods industry threshold is 0.329. Under the threshold, most of the consumer goods industry contributions to the economy are negative, but above the threshold, they begin to show a positive trend. The inflection point of the effect curve of Tokyo’s consumer goods industry on economic development has appeared, but the inflection point of Shanghai’s consumer goods industry has not yet appeared. Compared with Tokyo, the economic vitality of Shanghai’s consumer goods industry has not yet been fully released. With the continued increase of population density in Shanghai, the growth potential of the consumer goods industry is huge, and it is expected to reshape the flourishing age of Shanghai’s light industry brand.

EXPRESS: The Gift of Data: Industry-Led Food Reformulation and the Obesity Crisis in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 074391562098384
Author(s):  
Norah Campbell ◽  
Sarah Browne ◽  
Marius Claudy ◽  
Melissa Mialon ◽  
Hercberg Serge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Intelligence System ◽  
Gift Economy ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Marketing Intelligence ◽  
The Impact

Ultra-processed food manufacturers have proposed that product reformulation should be a key strategy to tackle obesity. In determining the impact of reformulation on population dietary behaviours, policy makers are often dependant on data provided by these manufacturers. Where such data are “gifted” to regulators there may be an implicit expectation of reciprocity that adversely influences nutrition policies. We sought to assess Europe’s industry-led reformulation strategy in five countries deploying critical policy studies as an approach. We found that interim results on industry-led food reformulation did not meet their targets. Information asymmetries exist between food industry and policy makers: the latter are not privy to marketing intelligence and must instead rely on data that are voluntarily donated by food industry actors. These data represent a distorted snippet of the marketing intelligence system from whence they came. Because these data indeed bear all the hallmarks of a gift, regulatory and public health authorities operate within a gift economy. The implications of this “data gift economy” are strategic delay and goal-setting when the field is not visible. Ultimately, this could diminish the implementation of public health nutrition policies that are contrary to the commercial interests of ultra-processed food producers.

Disguised Tourism and the Electoral Process in Africa: A Study of International Observers and the 1998 Local Government Elections in Nigeria

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Kayode Soremekun
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Career Aspirations ◽  
Western World ◽  
Electoral Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Power Play

This article is based on the premise that the aid establishment views Africa as probably the world’s last backwater. Simply put, bureaucrats, politicians, and other policymakers in the western world are rather content with Africa’s present status, an attitude that not only accords with their career aspirations, but also spawns a certain amount of sybaritic pleasure about the inclement condition of the continent. It is against this background that this article examines the motives and aspirations of the international observers in the Nigerian electoral process, focusing on the attitudes and the impact of the observers in the 1998 local government elections.International electoral observation and monitoring are an integral part of the global dimensions of democratization. Many writers have averred that one major reason for the upswing in Africa’s quest to democratize is the cessation of the power play between Moscow and Washington.

The impact of blacklists on external deposits: one size does not fit all

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jonsson ◽  
Jan Pettersson ◽  
Christian Nils Larson ◽  
Nir Artzi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Patriot Act ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Probable Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Country Specific

Purpose This study aims to measure the impact of the Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and US PATRIOT Act Section 311 blacklists on external deposits from blacklisted jurisdictions into BIS reporting countries in 1996–2008, a period when anti-money laundering-related actions were consistently less stringent than post-2010, to see whether they had an effect even absent the threat of sizable financial fines. Design/methodology/approach The study uses descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate regressions to analyze the probable impact from blacklists on non-bank external deposits. The country sample is divided into offshore financial centers (OFCs) and non-OFCs and includes 158 non-listed countries. The impact of the blacklists is tested both jointly and individually for the respective blacklists. Findings The authors find mixed impact from jurisdictions being blacklisted on the growth rate of stocks of deposits into BIS reporting countries. Effects are often zero, negative in several cases and positive in some cases. This is consistent with the “stigma effect” and the “stigma paradox” in the literature. An overall impact from blacklisting is difficult to discern. Different blacklists had different effects, and the same blacklist impacted countries differently, illustrating the importance of disaggregating the analysis by individual countries. Research limitations/implications Interpretation of these data is limited by the absence of comparable data on non-resident deposits in blacklisted jurisdictions. Practical implications The impact of a blacklist depends in part on the structure of the listed jurisdictions’ economies, implying that country-specific sanctions may be more effective than blacklists. Originality/value This is one of the very few papers to date to rigorously test the impact of blacklists on external deposits.

POSSIBILITIES OF IMPLEMENTING THE SMART DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT IN RURAL AREAS FROM A BUSINESS PERSPECTIVE. THE EXAMPLE OF EASTERN POLAND

2021 ◽  
Vol XIII (1) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Magdalena Anna Zwolińska-Ligaj
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Opinion Poll ◽  
Local Sector ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this paper was the evaluation of the impact of selected background conditions for implementing the smart village concept in the opinion of entrepreneurs. The assessment was based on an opinion poll on a sample of 240 entrepreneurs from three regions of Eastern Poland, using a questionnaire. The results were presented using descriptive analysis, including a comparative analysis of areas with low and high levels of smart growth potential. The presented results show that rural areas in the abovementioned regions, in general, create disadvantageous conditions for enhancing innovativeness through business activity, and the surveyed agents are characterised by a low level of innovativeness. In the opinion of the surveyed entrepreneurs, on the impact of selected factors on enterprise innovativeness, the potential impact of the local environment is above average. The findings point to a need to develop the endogenous potential of rural areas from peripheral regions by increasing access to modern ITC infrastructure and the role of the institutional environment in the process of knowledge transfer to the local sector of companies, the development of local connections in the business sector and within the scope of cooperation of local authorities with entrepreneurs.

Financial literacy and sustainable development in the digital age (legal dimension)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Povetkina ◽  
Ekaterina Kudryashova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Municipal Employees ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Legal Identification

The work is aimed at forming a systematic theoretical and practical approach to the development of financial literacy in the format of sustainable development in the age of the digital revolution. The authors address the current issues of the evolution of the development and legal identification of financial literacy, consider it in the context of human rights and sustainable development of the state. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the impact of financial literacy on the successful fight against poverty. For researchers, practicing lawyers and economists, state and municipal employees, teachers, postgraduates, students of law and economics universities and faculties.

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