scholarly journals Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Review of its Etiology, Mechanism, Prevention Strategies and Recent Advancements in its Management

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Farooq ◽  
Saqib Ali
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Hydrodynamic Theory ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Patient Number ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Dentinal Hypersensitivity ◽  
Common Clinical Problem ◽  
Dental Professionals

ABSTRACT Dentinal hypersensitivity is one of the most common clinical problem for which patients seek treatment and visit dental clinics. Its incidence is on a rise probably because its etiology is not very well understood. Once initiated, it can either remain as sensitivity or it can trigger pain and creates severe discomfort for the patient. Number of theories have been put forward to explain the mechanism of hypersensitivity causing pain but hydrodynamic theory is most widely accepted nowadays. Treating dentinal hypersensitivity is a challenge for dental professionals. This article reviews the etiology, mechanism and prevention strategies of dentinal hypersensitivity and also discusses recent advancements in its management. How to cite this article Ali S, Farooq I. Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Review of its Etiology, Mechanism, Prevention Strategies and Recent Advancements in its Management. World J Dent 2013;4(3):188-192.

scholarly journals An Update on Dentinal Hypersensitivity - Aetiology to Management – A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
pp. 3289-3293
Author(s):  
Mrinalini Mrinalini ◽  
Urvashi B. Sodvadiya ◽  
Mithra N. Hegde ◽  
Gowrish S. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Hydrodynamic Theory ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Dentin Sensitivity ◽  
Nerve Sprouting ◽  
Careful Clinical Examination ◽  
Dentinal Hypersensitivity

BACKGROUND Dentinal hypersensitivity is a common clinical disease that occurs as a result of dentin exposure. Though the term dentin hypersensitivity and dentin sensitivity is used interchangeably, dentin hypersensitivity is an exaggerated form of dentinal sensitivity which arises due to localized pulpal inflammation, pulpal nerve sprouting, and development of inflammatory sodium channels. It is characterised by short sharp pain emerging from exposed dentinal tubules in reaction to various stimuli. Such dentin exposure could be due to either enamel loss or cemental loss. This is followed by removal of smear layer by mechanical or chemical means. At present, the hydrodynamic theory, which describes fluid movement in response to stimuli within exposed dentinal tubules, is a commonly recognized explanation for dentin hypersensitivity. It is more common in premolars and canines, and it affects the facial surfaces of the teeth towards the cervical aspect. Studies suggested microscopic changes in the structure of sensitive dentin compared with normal dentin. The diagnosis of dentinal hypersensitivity requires careful clinical examination and eliciting the response using various stimuli. Dentinal hypersensitivity is usually managed by the use of physical or chemical agents. They work either by disturbing the neural response to pain stimulus or block fluid flow by occluding the tubule. The desirable features of a desensitising agent include the ability to give instant and longlasting pain relief, being simple to use, well accepted, not harmful to the pulp. It is recommended that the desensitizing agent is used for at least two weeks. Some of the newer agents used for management includes CPP-ACP, proarginine, nanomaterials, herbal products, propolis etc. In cases where there is tooth structure loss, appropriate restorative material is used to cover the exposed dentin. Root canal therapy is considered the last resort for pain relief after all other options have failed to provide relief. The present article outlines the etiopathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. KEY WORDS Dentinal Hypersensitivity; Dentin Sensitivity; Desensitizing Agents; Iontophoresis

Chronic pain following elective inguinal hernia repair—is it a common clinical problem?

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Z. M. Kirkor ◽  
T. N. Evans ◽  
H. Mathew ◽  
C. Swart ◽  
C. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Inguinal Hernia Repair ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Common Clinical Problem

scholarly journals The risk of shoulder pain after laparoscopic surgery for infertility is higher in thin patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin You Li ◽  
Ming Tian ◽  
Ai Zhi Li ◽  
Chun Lei Han ◽  
Ke Zhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Pain Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Common Clinical Problem

AbstractPostlaparoscopic shoulder pain (PLSP) is a common clinical problem that needs to be addressed by medical professionals who are currently perform laparoscopic surgeries. The purpose of this study was to determine the perioperative clinical factors and demographic characteristics associated with PLSP. A prospective observational study was performed with 442 inpatients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for infertility. The pain visual analogue scale was used as the measuring instrument. To identify the predictors of PLSP, we performed multivariate conditional logistic regression. PLSP was correlated with body mass index (BMI, odds ratio = 0.815). The incidence of shoulder pain and more severe shoulder pain in patients with a lower BMI was significantly higher than it was in patients with a higher BMI, and BMI was significantly negatively correlated with PLSP. Most of the patients (95%) began to experience shoulder pain on the first postoperative day, and it rarely occurred on the day of surgery. Patients with lower BMI presented a higher risk of reporting shoulder pain on the first postoperative day. We should identify high-risk patients in advance and make specific treatment plans according to the characteristics of their symptoms.

Homeopathic Treatment of Subclinical Hypothyroidism—A Series of 19 Cases

Homeopathy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Esteves Grelle ◽  
Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Common Clinical Problem ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract Background Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a common clinical problem. Controversy surrounds the definition, clinical importance, and need for prompt diagnosis and treatment of the mild form of SCH. Aim The aim of the study was to analyze the evolution of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels after a therapeutic homeopathic intervention in women older than 40 years with SCH. Methods This study is a retrospective series of 19 cases of SCH, with serum TSH levels between 5 and 10 mIU/L, treated exclusively with homeopathic medicines prescribed on an individualized basis. Results Nineteen patients were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their mean age was 56 years, they were followed for a mean duration of 69 months, the mean number of serum TSH level measurements was 18, and the intervention was successful for 13 patients. Conclusion The homeopathic therapeutic intervention was successful in 68% of the patients, with serum TSH levels back within the normal range (0.5–5.0 mIU/L).

Occlusal Considerations in the Hypersensitive Dentition

2015 ◽  
pp. 358-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Yiannios, DDS
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Contact Force ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Dentinal Tubules ◽  
Occlusal Contact ◽  
Occlusal Adjustment ◽  
Anterior Guidance ◽  
Dentinal Hypersensitivity ◽  
Guidance Development

In the literature, Dentinal Hypersensitivity (DH) is considered to arise from exposed dentin and patent dentinal tubules. However, clinical observation of recurrent DH sensitivity indicates it can occur in the presence or absence of exposed dentin. Quantified occlusal contact force and timing parameters have been ignored in studies assessing hypersensitive teeth. This chapter introduces a novel occlusal concept: Frictional Dental Hypersensitivity (FDH). Clinical evidence from combining computerized occlusal analysis and electromyography is presented linking opposing posterior tooth friction and muscular hyperactivity to Dentin Hypersensitivity. This chapter proffers how occlusion, muscular TMD symptoms, and frictional Dentin Hypersensitivity are all related. Lastly, a Pilot Study is presented that used a Visual Numerical Analog scale to quantify Dentin Hypersensitivity resolution observed in symptomatic patients who underwent the Immediate Complete Anterior Guidance Development (ICAGD) coronoplasty. This computer-guided occlusal adjustment eliminated pretreatment FDH symptomatology, further supporting that Dentinal Hypersensitivity has an occlusally-based, frictional etiology.

Evaluation of the patient with a bleeding tendency

2010 ◽  
pp. 4498-4506
Author(s):  
Trevor Baglin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Bleeding Tendency ◽  
Common Clinical Problem

An apparent bleeding tendency is a common clinical problem, with presentation varying from acute unexpected bleeding during or immediately after surgery, to spontaneous unusual or excessive bruising, purpura, epistaxis, or a chronic haemorrhagic tendency. The following are important aspects of the assessment of the patient....

scholarly journals Hematological Diseases and Osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostino Gaudio ◽  
Anastasia Xourafa ◽  
Rosario Rapisarda ◽  
Luca Zanoli ◽  
Salvatore Santo Signorelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Mastocytosis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Secondary Osteoporosis ◽  
Fracture Rate ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Increase Fracture Risk ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Common Clinical Problem

Secondary osteoporosis is a common clinical problem faced by bone specialists, with a higher frequency in men than in women. One of several causes of secondary osteoporosis is hematological disease. There are numerous hematological diseases that can have a deleterious impact on bone health. In the literature, there is an abundance of evidence of bone involvement in patients affected by multiple myeloma, systemic mastocytosis, thalassemia, and hemophilia; some skeletal disorders are also reported in sickle cell disease. Recently, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance appears to increase fracture risk, predominantly in male subjects. The pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for these bone loss effects have not yet been completely clarified. Many soluble factors, in particular cytokines that regulate bone metabolism, appear to play an important role. An integrated approach to these hematological diseases, with the help of a bone specialist, could reduce the bone fracture rate and improve the quality of life of these patients.

Pleural effusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seamus Grundy
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
Parietal Pleura ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Fluid Removal ◽  
Fluid Production ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Common Clinical Problem

Pleural effusion is a common clinical problem which can present both to primary and secondary care. The process by which fluid accumulates can be divided into transudative or exudative. Transudative effusions occur in the presence of normal pleura and are caused by increased oncotic or hydrostatic pressures. Exudative effusions are associated with abnormal pleura and are caused either by increased pleural fluid production due to local inflammation or infiltration or by decreased fluid removal which is caused by obstruction of the lymphatic drainage system. Patients may be entirely asymptomatic or they may present with breathlessness, particularly if the effusion is large. Other symptoms include a cough and systemic symptoms such as weight loss, anorexia, and fever. Chest pain is suggestive of inflammation/infiltration of the parietal pleura and points towards malignancy or empyema. This chapter describes the assessment and diagnosis of the patient with pleural effusion.

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