scholarly journals Legacies of Slavery and their Enduring Harms

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-82
Author(s):  
Scherto R. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Structural Violence ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Institutional Discrimination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Interdisciplinary Perspective ◽  
Significant Harm ◽  
Black Bodies

This article provides a much needed inquiry into the legacy of slavery from an interdisciplinary perspective, including the historical, socioeconomic, political, and the epistemic. It makes an important distinction between the legacy of slavery and its persisting damages. By investigating this legacy’s effects on peoples, communities, and societies, it highlights the imperative of situating the pains and sufferings of historical traumas within contemporary structural oppression and institutional discrimination that have perpetuated these harms. The article consists of four sections: it first outlines the legacy of slavery, comprised in instrumentalizing black bodies for economic gains, employing political aggression to colonize both lands and minds, applying racialized discourse to demean and dehumanize, and oppressing people of African descent through structural violence. It then discusses the legacy’s injuries as transgenerational and cultural traumas, and how these wounds are experienced by the relevant communities. The third section focuses on racism as a significant harm, analyzing different forms of racism (internalized, interpersonal, and institutional) as interconnected and mutually reinforcing. To conclude, this article considers challenges in addressing the legacy of slavery and puts forward tentative ideas for collective healing.

scholarly journals Le délicat problème des restes humains en archéologie

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-209
Author(s):  
Philippe Charlier
Keyword(s):  
Human Remains ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nazi Ideology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Perspective ◽  
Political Problem ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
The City ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

The problem I am interested in is above all that of the biomedical management of human remains in archaeology, these ancient artifacts “unlike any other”, these “atypical patients”. In the following text, I will examine, with an interdisciplinary perspective (anthropological, philosophical and medical), how it is possible to work on human remains in archaeology, but also how to manage their storage after study. Working in archaeology is already a political problem (in the Greek sense of the word, i.e., it literally involves the city), and one could refer directly to Laurent Olivier’s work on the politics of archaeological excavations during the Third Reich and the spread of Nazi ideology based on excavation products and anthropological studies. But in addition, working on human remains can also pose political problems, and we paid the price in my team when we worked on Robespierre’s death mask (the reconstruction of the face having created a real scandal on the part of the French far left) but also when we worked on Henri IV’s head (its identification having considerably revived the historical clan quarrel between Orléans and Bourbon). Working on human remains is therefore anything but insignificant.

To Be Black, Excess, and Nonrecyclable

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Jones
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Black People ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Do So ◽  
People Today

One way of understanding the white man’s burden is as a waste management problem. The White West abjected Africans and people of African descent, thereby enacting and enabling their perception and treatment as a form of waste. The value of black waste to white Western economies is discernable in the metaphysics of a white imaginary of black abjection. It is necessary to elucidate that metaphysics, which reveals the structure of a humanist discourse that imagines black bodies as alienated from language, and the degradation entailed by such alienation. For example, when Africana people today chant “Black lives matter,” they do so against the historical perception and treatment of black people as waste.

4. Gelification and soapiness

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-90
Author(s):  
Tom McLeish
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Weak Intermolecular Forces

‘Gelification and soapiness’ looks at the third class of soft matter: ‘self-assembly’. Like the colloids of inks and clays, and the polymers of plastics and rubbers, ‘self-assembled’ soft matter also emerges as a surprising consequence of Brownian motion combined with weak intermolecular forces. Like them, it also leads to explanations of a very rich world of materials and phenomena, such as gels, foams, soaps, and ultimately to many of the structures of biological life. There is an important distinction that needs to be made between one-dimensional and two-dimensional self-assembly.

Part IV Fundamental Rights and Obligations, A Substantive Obligations, 10 The Obligation to Prevent Harm to Other Riparian States

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
McCaffrey Stephen C
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Harm Principle ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Harm ◽  
No Harm Principle ◽  
Equitable Utilization ◽  
The Way

This chapter focuses on the “no-harm” obligation. Article 7 of the 1997 UN Watercourses Convention provides that in utilizing an international watercourse, states have an obligation to “prevent the causing of significant harm” to other states sharing the watercourse. The inclusion of this provision in the Convention, and especially its placement in a section of the Convention entitled “General Principles,” implies that it is one of the fundamental obligations in the field. Nevertheless, many questions surround the no-harm principle, particularly as it applies in the context of international watercourses. The chapter then addresses three preliminary matters. The first concerns the legal status of the no-harm principle and its relationship to equitable utilization. The second question concerns the meaning of “harm.” The third and final issue has to do with the way in which the operation of the no-harm rule has traditionally been conceived.

scholarly journals Pengalaman Kekerasan pada Pedagang Kaki Lima di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Salma Nur Rahama ◽  
Rina Hermawati
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Street Vendor ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Symbolic Space ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cultural Violence ◽  
Direct Violence ◽  
Causes Of Violence ◽  
Forms Of Violence

This study aims is to describe about the violence experience against street vendors in Indonesia including the causes of violence, forms of violence and street vendors' experience responses to the violence. This research uses qualitative methods with collecting data techniques from literature studies such as ,notes, books, papers or articles, journals and so on. The research results showed that the causes of street vendor violence are related to the class that have more power and the class that have less power. The power in question is the power or strength that a person has to do what he wants. The forms of violence experienced by street vendors can be identified into three forms based on Galtung's theory, including direct violence that can be seen such as physical, verbal and sexual violence, then the second is structural violence, namely violence that is not perpetrated by individuals but is hidden in a structure both smaller and smaller structures. broader structure, then the third is cultural violence, namely the symbolic space that exists in the cognition system and can be a driving force for both direct and structural violence. PKL responses to the violence they experience are divided into two, namely resisting and not resisting.

scholarly journals Individual and Collective Action: Reply to Blomberg

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-146
Author(s):  
Kirk Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The Third ◽  
Distributive Reading ◽  
Collective Reading ◽  
Singular Action ◽  
Individual Actions ◽  
Do It Yourself

AbstractOlle Blomberg challenges three claims in my book From Individual to Plural Agency (Ludwig, Kirk (2016): From Individual to Plural Agency: Collective Action 1. Vols. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press.). The first is that there are no collective actions in the sense in which there are individual actions. The second is that singular action sentences entail that there is no more than one agent of the event expressed by the action verb in the way required by that verb (the sole agency requirement). The third, is that an individual intention, e.g. to build a boat, is not satisfied if you don’t do it yourself. On the first point, I grant that Blomberg identifies an important distinction between simple and composite actions the book did not take into account, but argue it doesn’t show that there are collective actions in the same sense there are individual actions. On the second point, I argue from examples that the collective reading of plural action sentences doesn’t entail the distributive reading, which requires the sole agency requirement on singular action sentences. This settles the third point, since it entails that if you intend to build a boat, you are successful only if you are the only agent of it in the sense required by the verb.

scholarly journals Modeling Black Piety and Community Membership in the Virgin of Altagracia Medallions

Arts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Jennifer Baez
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
Community Membership ◽  
Community Of Faith ◽  
The Third ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Parish Priests

In the third quarter of the eighteenth century, Santo Domingo archbishop Isidoro Rodríguez Lorenzo (s. 1767–1788) issued a decree officializing the day of the cult for the Virgin of Altagracia as January 21 and made it a feast of three crosses for the villa of Salvaleón de Higüey and its jurisdiction, meaning all races (free and enslaved) were allowed to join the celebrations in church. Unrelated to the issuance of this decree and approximately during this time (c. 1760–1778), a series of painted panels depicting miracles performed by the Virgin of Altagracia was produced for her sanctuary of San Dionisio in Higüey, in all likelihood commissioned by a close succession of parish priests to the maestro painter Diego José Hilaris Holt. Painted in the coarse style of popular votive panels, they gave the cult a unifying core foundation of miracles. This essay discusses the significance of the black bodies pictured in four of the panels within the project’s implicit effort to institutionalize the regional cult and vis-à-vis the archbishop’s encouragement of non-segregated celebrations for her feast day. As January 21 was associated with a renowned Spanish creole battle against the French, this essay locates these black bodies within the cult’s newfound patriotic charisma. I examine the process by which people of color were incorporated into this community of faith as part of a two-step ritual that involved seeing images while performing difference. Through contrapuntal analysis of the archbishop’s decree, I argue the images helped model black piety and community membership within a hierarchical socioracial order.

Breast Milk Jaundice

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-67
Author(s):  
Nancy G. Powers ◽  
Philip Rosenthal ◽  
Frank R. Sinatra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
The Third ◽  
Breast Milk Jaundice ◽  
Therapeutic Suggestion

A reader writes about the article on "Jaundice in Infancy" published in the September 1989 issue of Pediatrics in Review: My first concern is that the authors do not distinguish "breast feeding jaundice" from "breast milk jaundice." This is an important distinction, and it is nicely outlined in a recent publication.1 Secondly, the issue of breast milk jaundice is covered only very superficially, and there is an unequivocal therapeutic suggestion to "interrupt breast feeding" in Table 2 on page 80. The third concern is that fatty acids are suggested as a possible mechanism for breast milk jaundice, when in fact there are several other current theories.1

Black Bodies in Pain and Ecstasy: Terror, Subjectivity, and the Nature of Black Religion

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony B. Pinn
Keyword(s):  
African Descent ◽  
New Method ◽  
Black Religion ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Scholarly Attention

This article argues that at its core, black religion involves a quest or struggle for complex subjectivity. It is a wrestling against efforts to dehumanize those of African descent historically documented through the process of slavery,disenfranchisement, etc. This depiction of the nature of black religion does not promote a static reality, unchanged through the ages. Religion is not essentialized in that sense. Rather, religion's core is responsive to changing existential conditions and is manifest through ever-evolving institutions, doctrines, rituals, and so on. Scholarly attention to this theory of black religion requires a new method of study.Pushing beyond conversation regarding method most often presented in terms of a hermeneutic of suspicion, this article concludes with the outline for a new hermeneutic of style.

scholarly journals Vote Buying and Tax-cut Promises

Theoria ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (146) ◽  
pp. 20-35
Author(s):  
Thom Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Vote Buying ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cash Incentives ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Both vote buying and tax-cut promises are attempts to manipulate voters through cash incentives in order to win elections, but only vote buying is illegal. Should we extend the ban on vote buying to tax-cut promises? This article will argue for three conclusions. The first is that tax-cut promises should be understood as a form of vote buying. The second is that campaign promises are a form of vote buying. The third conclusion is that campaign promises, including tax-cut promises, should not be banned. An important distinction is drawn between enforceable wrongful incentives and unenforceable wrongful incentives. The difference between vote buying and tax-cut promises is not wrongfulness but enforceability.

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